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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Penurunan Kadar Air Keseimbangan dan Peningkatan Stabilitas Dimensi Kayu dengan Pemanasan dan Pengekangan Reducing Equilibrium Moisture Content and Improving Dimensional Stability of Wood through Heating and Restraining Zahrial Coto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This research was intended to find out the effect of heating (drying at 100ºC) and heating plus restraining to the Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) condition and dimensional stability of four Indonesian woods. Tangential board samples about 25 cm long, 15 cm wide, 2.5 cm thick, and five replications were dried at 50ºC followed by increasing drying temperature up to 100ºC for heating treatment. Samples for multiple heating were air-dried followed by reheating at 100ºC. Samples for heating plus restraining were restrained immediately by two U-steel plates connected with four nuts and bolts. All samples were air dried for one week and measured (length, width and thickness) to the nearest 0.01 mm and weighted to the nearest 0.01 g. Samples, 2.5 cm along the grain were produced from the air-dried boards. Five samples were produced from control boards, four for the effect of time and one for control. One sample was produced from each of the three treatments. All samples were air dried and weighted to the nearest 0.01 g measured (tangential direction) to the nearest 0.01 mm. After conditioning at 50ºC (Relative Humidity = RH around 20%), all samples were re-measured and re-weighted, followed by oven dried. Moisture content at air dried and 20% RH as well as shrinkage from air dried to 20% RH were calculated.Result of the study showed that all three treatments significantly reduced the EMC condition around 2~4%. The highest decrease in EMC was observed for multiple heating treatments. No significant effect was observed for the EMC condition by restraining. All three treatments did not decrease the Rate of Dimensional Change

Anatomical and Chemical Properties of Keruing Wood from Labanan Research Forest, East Kalimantan Lystia M Dewi; Supartini Supartini
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Understanding the basic properties of wood is essential for its appropriate and efficient utilization. Anatomical feature for many species of wood, as an important basic property of wood, remained incomplete and mostly limited to the genus level, especially for Dipterocarpaceae. In the present works, three keruing species i.e. (Dipterocarpus stellatus Vesque, Dipterocarpus glabrigemmatus P.S. Ashton, and Dipterocarpus pachyphyllus Meijer) were studied for their anatomical and chemical properties. Observation of the microscopic and macroscopic features of these woods was conducted. Suitability of the wood for pulp and paper raw material was also assessed through fiber dimension measurement. Chemical component analyses were carried out based on appropriate Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industries (TAPPI) standard procedures. The result showed that in general, all species have resemblance in both anatomical and chemical properties. Even though, the lignin and extractives content of the three Dipterocarpus spp. were considered high, their fiber were classified as class I fiber quality; and thus very suitable for the raw material of pulp and paper production.Keywords: anatomical properties, chemical properties, Dipterocarpus spp., fibre quality, keruing

Aktivitas Antimalaria Ekstrak Kayu Bidara Laut Wasrin Syafii; Rita K. Sari; Umi Cahyaningsih; Laela N. Anisah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Penyakit malaria merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah utama kesehatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan rendemen zat ekstraktif kayu bidara laut dan aktivitas antimalarianya secara in vitro terhadap Plasmodium falciparum serta menganalisis kandungan kimia ekstrak teraktifnya Ekstrak kayu bidara laut dihasilkan dari maserasi dengan pelarut organik berkepolaran bertingkat (n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar ekstrak tertinggi terdapat pada ekstrak etanol (4,11%), diikuti dengan ekstrak etil asetat (1,24%) dan ekstrak n-heksana (0,55%). Berdasarkan uji aktivitas antimalaria, ekstrak etanol merupakan ekstrak teraktif (IC50 3,09 µg ml-1), sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat (IC50 81,38 µg ml-1) dan ekstrak n-heksana (IC50 889,30 µg m-1) tergolong tidak aktif. Hasil uji fitokimia secara kualitatif menunjukkan kelompok senyawa yang terkandung di dalam serbuk kayu bidara laut adalah flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, steroid, tannin dan hidroquinon yang diduga berperan terhadap aktivitas antimalaria. Analisis GCMS mendeteksi adanya senyawa alkaloid strychnine yang diduga memiliki aktivitas antimalaria. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, ekstrak etanol kayu bidara laut sangat berpotensi sebagai sumber obat antimalaria.

Struktur Anatomi dan Kualitas Serat Kayu Parashorea malaanonan (Blanco) Merr. (Anatomical Structure and Fiber Quality of Parashorea malaanonan (Blanco) Merr.) Supartini Supartini; Listya M Dewi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Parashorea malaanonan (Blanco) Merr. is one of Dipterocarps species that listed in Red List IUCN as critically endangered species. The evaluation of its suitability for pulp and paper raw material was also needed. The samples were observed by using Johansen’s Method for the microtome slide making and for the observation of anatomical structure were using IAWA List. The maceration process was using FPL’s method and fibre quality criteria according to Rahman and Siagian (1976). The results shows that P. malaanonan have light brown heartwood and yellow pale sapwood; rough texture; grain straight to interlocked, and impression touch rough. The main microscopic characters are growth ring indistinct, vessels diffuse arranged diagonally, vessels mostly solitary with outline rounded. Tyloses were found in vessels, perforation plate simple, intervessel pits scalariform to opposite. Axial parenchyma paratracheal thin vasicentric, rays uniseriate and multiseriate. Axial intercellular canals in long tangential lines and axial canals diffuse. Vasicentric tracheids present, thin wall fibre (4 μm), fibre length 1368 μm, and diameter 25 μm. Prismatic chrystals in ray cells and chambered axial parenchyma cells. The fibre quality of P. malaanonan belongs to the quality class II, which mean moderately good for pulp and paper.

The Characteristics of the Laminated Board of Oil Palm Trunk Darwis, Atmawi; Massijaya, Muhammad Y; Nugroho, Naresworo; Alamsyah, Eka M
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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The purpose of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of glue laminated (glulam) of oil palm trunks lumber (OPTL) composed of different number of layers and trunk heights (2 m, 4 m, and 6 m). The number of layers was varied at 2, 3 and 4 layers with the thickness of lamina of 3 cm, 2 cm, and 1.5 cm, respectively. The results showed that the glulam of OPTL retained higher density and mechanical properties compared to those of its solid form. The properties of OPTL glulam decreased from the bottom to the top division of the trunk. The physical and mechanical properties of glulam increased with increasing layers. Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) of OPTL 4 layered glulam increased by more than 50% compared to that of its solid OPT. Isocyanate based adhesive used to produce the glulam resulted in a satisfied bonding indicated by 100% and 0% wood damage in shear and delamination test, respectively. The mechanical properties of OPTL glulam (MOE, MOR, and shear strength) failed to satisfy the requirement of Japan Agricultural Standard for Glued Laminated: No 1152 (2007).Keywords: glulam, laminae, oil palm trunk, physical-mechanical properties

Artocarpin, A Promising Compound as Whitening Agent and Anti-skin Cancer Enos T Arung; Sipon Muladi; Edi Sukaton; Kuniyoshi Shimizu; Ryuichiro Kondo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

In our search for natural products from wood on cosmetics and drugs purposes and on the basis of melanin biosynthesis assay guided fractionation, artocarpin was isolated from wood of Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus). To evaluate the potency as a whitening agent of artocarpin and its anti-skin cancer (cytotoxicity effect), the MTT assay was used to evaluate its cytotoxicity on cells and melanin biosynthesis assays was performed to determine its whitening agents potency. The evaluation of cytotoxicity on B16 melanoma cells of Artocarpin resulted the IC50 was 10.3 µM and melanin biosynthesis assay with IC50 6.7 µM with out cytotoxicity. Based on the results, suggested that artocarpin have a potent to be developed as whitening agent and skin cancer drug.

Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties of OSB Prepared from CCB Treated Fast Growing Tree Species Strands Wahyu Hidayat; Anne Carolina; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of preservative treatment of strands on the properties of oriented strand board (OSB) made from Paraserianthes falcataria, Maesopsis eminii and Acacia mangium strands. Prior to OSB manufacturing, strands were treated with chromium copper boron (CCB) soaking with concentration of 2% for 6 h. Three (3) layers OSB bonded with 7% of methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI) resin were produced with the core layer orientation perpendicular to the face and back layers. The results indicated that soaking strand with CCB significantly decreased the water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) values of OSB after immersed in water for 24 hours. Preservative treatment significantly decreased the mechanical properties of OSB (modulus of rupture/MOR parallel, modulus of elasticity/MOE parallel and internal bond/IB). Almost all board met the requirement of CSA 0437.0 standard for grade O-1 OSB panels, except board made from P. falcataria treated with preservative which did not achieve the requirement of TS, MOE in parallel direction, and IB. Preservative treatment strongly affected the durability of OSB. Soaking strand with CCB increased the resistance of OSB against termites attack 13.0 times higher than control board.Key words: chromium copper boron, fast growing tree species, methylene diphenyl isocyanate, oriented strand board

Pencegahan Serangan Bubuk Dinoderus minutus Farb. pada Bambu Lapis dan Kayu Lapis The Prevention of the Powder Post Beetle Dinoderus Minutus Farb. Infestation on Plybamboo and Plywood Jasni Jasni; I M Sulastiningsih
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 2 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bamboo and wood are essential natural resources in Indonesia. Both natural resources can be made for plybamboo and plywood respectively. However, bamboo and wood are very susceptible to powder post beetle infestation. To cope with the infestation, a preservative treatment is applied. The permethrin preservative with active ingredient of 36.8 % was mixed in the urea formaldehyde glue, and the concentrations used were 0%; 0.5%; 1.0% and 1.5% based on urea formaldehyde weight (or 0 g/m3, 450 g/m3, 900 g/m3 and 1,350 g/m3 based on plybamboo or plywood volume). The bamboo species, Gigantochloa apus Kurz. and the wood species, Anthocephalus cadamba Miq. were used respectively. The durability of plybamboo and plywood were tested to the powder post beetle Dinoderus minutus Farb.The results revealed that the higher the preservative concentration the higher the mortality of powder post beetle, the lower the rate of beetle infestation for both on plybamboo and plywood. The addition of permethrin in the urea formaldehyde glue at the minimum level of 0.5% (450 g/m3) was effective to prevent the infestation of powder post beetle Dinoderus minutus Farb on plybamboo and plywood

Pengaruh Posisi pada Batang terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Dimensi Serat Kayu Gmelina Hasil Penjarangan (The Influence of Stem Position on Physical Properties and Fiber Dimension of Gmelina from Thinning Activity) Sigit B Prabawa
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Gmelina arborea Roxb. is a native species to Bangladesh, Cambodia, Southern China, India, Japan, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Its regional name includes Gamar, Yemane, Khamari, White Teak, Gmelina, and Melina. For commercial purposes, gmelina can be reasonably developed for industrial forest plantation or community forest plantation in Indonesia based on its wood characteristics. The objectives of this study were to determine the physical properties and fiber dimension of wood procured from thinning activities. The research showed that the oven and air dried density, air dried specific garvity, and air dried moisture content of the gmelina wood were 0.38 g cm-3, 0.44 g cm-3, 0.37 and 19.82% respectively. The average of the fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter and cell wall thickness were 820.13, 27.16, 21.13, and 3.01 µm, respectively. The differences in position on the stem affect the density, specific gravity and fiber length, in which the higher position of the stem, the lower of their values. But it does not affect the air dry water content, the fiber diameter, lumen diameter and cell wall thickness.Keywords: fiber dimension, Gmelina arborea, physical properties, thinning, wood utilization

Fundamental Properties of Ply Bamboo Jajang Suryana; Muhammad Y Massijaya; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Dede Hermawan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Physical and mechanical properties of ply bamboo made from various bamboo species and adhesive type were studied. Bamboo species used in this study were tali (Gigantochoa apus), andong (Gigantochloa verticillata), and betung (Dendrocalamus asper). Five types of adhesives were used for the experiment, namely methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI), phenol formaldehyde (PF), melamine formaldehyde (MF), urea formaldehyde (UF), and poly vinyl acetate (PVAC). Three layer of ply bamboo with (40x40x0,4) cm3 in size was made by weight spread of adhesive 200 g m-2, compression temperature at 140 ºC for MDI and PF, 110 ºC for MF and UF, and room temperature for PVAc adhesives, with specific pressure of 15 kg cm-2 for five minutes. Especially for PVAc, cold compression was carried out using a clamp for 24 h. Fundamental properties of ply bamboo was tested according to SNI 01-5008.7-1999. The results showed that the development dimension of the ply bamboo from the largest to the smallest was in the side of thick, wide, and long, while for timber and plywood were in the side orientation of tangential (width), radial (thick), and longitudinal (long). The best physical and mechanical properties of ply bamboo were obtained from betung bamboo using MDI adhesive.Key words: melamine formaldehyde, methylene diphenyl isocyanate, phenol formaldehyde, ply bamboo, poly vinyl acetate

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