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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 792 Documents
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HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN MOTIVASI PADA BIDAN DENGAN PEMBERI PELAYANAN METODE KONTRASEPSI EFEKTIF TERPILIH (MKET) DI WILAYAH KERJA DINAS KESEHATAN KOTA PADANG TAHUN 2019 Serli Bahri
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 43, No 2 (2020): Online Mei 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v43.i2.p84-94.2020

Abstract

Tujuan: Metode Kontrasepsi Efektif Terpilih (MKET) adalah metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang berupa Perangkat Uterium Intra (IUD) dan implan. Untuk meningkatkan penggunaan KB IUD dan implan yang telah diadakan penyuluhan dan pelatihan untuk bidan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan motivasi dalam penyediaan layanan untuk WUS dan didukung oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Padang sejak tahun 2011. Namun tetap menggunakan kontrasepsi IUD dan implan masih di bawah target yaitu 11, 24% pada IUD dan 7% pada implan, dan belum menunjukkan hasil peningkatkan yang signifikan. Tujuan Penelitian ini mempelajari Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Motivasi, Pada Bidan dengan Pemberi Pelayanan MKET Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kota Padang Tahun 2019. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desainperbandingan cross sectional . Populasi penelitian adalah semua bidan yang bekerja di puskesmas Kota Padang yang melakukan pelayanan kontrasepsi. Sampel penelitian masing-masing 32 bidan belum dan sudah dilatih. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bidan memiliki pengetahuan tinggi (62,5%), namun lebih dari separuh (59,4%) memiliki motivasi yang kurang baik karena tidak melakukan pelayanan MKET. Variabel Pemberi Pelayanan MKET terkait dengan pengetahuan (p = 0,023) dan motivasi (p = 0,001) Simpulan: Saran yang direkomendasikan adalah bidan lebih meningkatkan motivasi dalam memberikan pelayanan KB MKET.
Karakteristik Pasien Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Ayu Debora Nainggolan; Ridwan Balatif
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 3 (2021): Online August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i3.p%p.2021

Abstract

Objective: Knowing the current picture regarding the profile of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan.  Method: This study is a descriptive study to get an overview of CSOM patients at the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling. Data on CSOM patients were taken from medical records. Samples that meet the criteria for inclusion in this study are CSOM patients with complete medical records. Results: A total of 130 CSOM patient data were included in this study. The majority of CSOM patients are in the age range of 11-20 years and 21-30 years, each with 33 patients (25.4%). Most of the patients were male (63.1%) and did not work (55.4%). The main complaint of most CSOM patients in this study was otorrhoea (36.9%) and 63.8% of CSOM cases were benign. About 20.8% of CSOM patients had no complications and the most treatment for CSOM patients was collapsed wall tympanomastoidectomy (36.2%). Conclusion: The description of CSOM patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan has a similar picture with CSOM patients in general.
Uji efek antiinflamasi kombinasi astaxanthin dan ekstrak etanol 70% daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) terhadap hitung jenis neutrophil pada tikus putih galur wistar yang diberikan karagenin Sundari S. Ked
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i2.p86-92.2021

Abstract

Tujuan: Mengetahui efek antiinflamasi dan dosis efektif kombinasi astaxanthin dan ekstrak daun sirsak terhadap hitung jenis neutrofil pada tikus putih galur wistar yang diberikan karagenin. Metode: Desain penelitian ini merupakan true experimental  dengan complete randomized design. Penelitian ini menggunakan 30 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok 1 diberikan kombinasi astaxanthin 0,108 mg/hari dan ekstrak daun sirsak 400 mg/kgBB; kelompok 2 diberikan kombinasi astaxanthin 0,216 mg/hari dan ekstrak daun sirsak 400 mg/kgBB; kelompok 3 diberikan kombinasi astaxanthin 0,432 mg/hari dan ekstrak daun sirsak 400 mg/kgBB; kelompok 4 atau kontrol negatif diberikan CMC 0,5 mg/kgBB; dan kelompok 5 atau kontrol positif diberikan celecoxib 18 mg/kgBB; Hasil: Pada kelompok dosis 1, dosis 2 dan dosis 3 terjadi penurunan hitung jenis neutrofil yang signifikan (LSD <0,05) pada jam ke-8 dan jam ke-12 jika dibandingkan kelompok kontrol negatif; Kesimpulan: Kombinasi astaxanthin dan ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki efek antiinflamasi yang ditandai dengan penurunan rerata hitung jenis neutrofil. Dosis efektif terdapat pada kombinasi astaxanthin 0,108 mg/hari dan ekstrak daun sirsak 400 mg/kgBB.Kata kunci: Inflamasi; astaxanthin; ekstrak daun sirsak; neutrofil
Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik pada Pria Zikry Aulia Hidayat
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 43, No 2 (2020): Online Mei 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v43.i2.p159-168.2020

Abstract

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease involving many systems. Highest incidence and prevalence of SLE is found in Northern America 23.2/100,000 population/year and 241/100,000 population. According to sex differences, SLE is predominantly occurs in women than men with ratio 15:1 to 22:1. This discrepancy often causes delay in diagnosing SLE in male patients. Method: Case report. Result: We reported a male patient aged 21 years with pain of his joints, hyperpigmentation lesions on his face, alopesia, oral ulcers and decrease of body weight. Laboratory results showed increases in AST, ALT and D-Dimer, and from ANA Profile examination we got several positives results such as RNP/Sm (RNP/Sm) (++), Sm (Sm) (+), Ro-52 recombinant (52) (+), PCNA (PCNA) (+), DsDNA (DNA) (+), Nucleosome (NUC) (+), Histone (HI) (++), Ribosomal-P-protein (RIB) (+++) dan AMA-M2 (M2) (+). This patient met SLE criteria based on ACR 1997, SLICC 2012 and EULAR/ACR 2018. Patient was given oral methyl prednisolone 16-16-8 mg and VTE prophylaxis with subcutaneous heparin 2x5000 IU. Conclusion: SLE occurs rarely in male patients than female patients and has more diverse manifestations.
Mutasi gen KRAS pada kanker kolorektal Ni Nyoman Ayu Dewi; Anak Agung Ngurah Satya Pranata; Ni Made Pramita Widya Suksmarini
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i2.p117-124.2021

Abstract

Onkogen RAS memiliki peran dalam pertumbuhan dan regulasi sel. Protein ini mempengaruhi banyak fungsi seluler termasuk proliferasi sel, diferensiasi, dan apoptosis. Jika KRAS mengalami mutasi, maka KRAS secara konstitutif akan tetap dalam keadaan terikat dengan GTP. Dengan demikian regulasi kaskade sinyal downstream hilang dan terjadi pertumbuhan sel yang tidak terkontrol. Mutasi KRAS berperan dalam terjadinya 32-40% kanker kolorektal dan hampir seluruh kejadian tersebut disebabkan oleh mutasi KRAS pada ekson 2 kodon 12 dan 13. Hal ini menyebabkan resistensi terhadap kemoterapi yang ditargetkan untuk reseptor faktor pertumbuhan epidermal (EGFR). Tulisan ini membahas peran KRAS dalam regulasi sel normal dan sel kanker, terutama kanker kolorektal. Pemahaman tentang protein ini serta interaksinya dengan protein lainnya dapat mengungkapkan potensi peran prognostik dan prediktifnya dalam agresivitas tumor.
Potensi nanopartikel chitosan berbasis flavonoid fisetin dari buah stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa): modalitas terapi dalam penatalaksanaan TNBC Felicia Puspita Sari; Kenny Satrio; I Gede Gita Sastrawan; I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Rai Mulya Hartawan
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i1.p49-58.2021

Abstract

Breast cancer is ranked number one in the world as a cancer with the highest new cases reaching 1.7 million people (43.4%). Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) has a worse prognosis than non-TNBC because of low 5-year survival rates and high recurrence rates. TNBC was also rated as more aggressive and invasive with high levels of nuclear mitotics. Currently, the use of natural food substances derived from fruits, vegetables, and spices is getting more attention because of its role as chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents, one of which is flavonoids. Fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a flavonol bioactive molecule found in fruits and vegetables such as apples and persimmons with the highest concentration found in strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa). One of the technologies being developed in the oncology field is nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are useful for delivering and releasing drugs to the target organs, as well as increasing the bioavailability of drugs so that drugs can work for a longer time. The combination of the flavonoid fisetin encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles has the potential to become one of the therapeutic modalities in the management of TNBC.
GAMBARAN FAKTOR RISIKO TEKANAN DARAH SISTOLIK PADA PEKERJA TAMBANG BATU KAPUR DI KLAPANUNGGAL, BOGOR, JAWA BARAT ANNISA WARDA IRVANI
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 43, No 2 (2020): Online Mei 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v43.i2.p95-104.2020

Abstract

Hypertension is a disease that often lead to patient death as it does not have specific symptoms. The high prevalence in Bogor Regency caused by minimal health facilities, so there was no guarantee of occupational health for workers and the workers lack of knowledge. Objective: To determine the risk factors that affected systolic blood pressure in limestone miners in Klapanunggal. Method: Uses observational analytic study with cross sectional design with a total of 47 people. Result: The measurement of noise intensity are 83.2 dB on a breaker and 91.7 dB on a stone crusher. The average systolic blood pressure before and after work was 110.28 mmHg and 126.23 mmHg. The results of one-way ANOVA test, a correlation between noise intensity, working period, prolonged exposure, and smoking habits with systolic blood pressure with p=0.001 was obtained. According to dummy regression test, noise intensity were the most influential. Workers exposed to noise with an intensity normal had an average increase 10.45 mmHg, while those exposed to an intensity abnormal 22.27 mmHg. Conclusion: Noise intensity, working period, prolonged exposure, and smoking habits affect systolic blood pressure and the most influential factor was noise intensity.
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in Preterm Pregnant Women during the Covid 19 Pandemic Putri Handayani
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 3 (2021): Online August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i3.p%p.2021

Abstract

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening disease with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction towards the end of pregnancy or in the months following delivery in women previously had no heart disease. Symptoms of heart failure (HF) are the main clinical manifestations of PPCM. Many pregnant women near the end of pregnancy experience shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling of the legs, which are symptoms identical to normal effects found in pregnancy. These symptoms are almost similar to early HF, so they often go unnoticed by medical personnel. Objective: We reported a case of PPCM that occurred during preterm pregnancy. Case: 29 years old woman, 33-34 weeks pregnant with a history of severe preeclampsia. The patient complained worsening shortness of breath for the last 5 days, but suspected that the symptom was just a normal process of growing pregnancy. In echocardiography examination found that the patient had LV dysfunction with low ejection fraction (EF) of 30%. The patient was diagnosed with PPCM in preterm pregnancy. Conclusion: Based on this case report, early identification of PPCM is a good predictor of outcome, because early treatment is given.Keywords: Peripartum cardiomyopathy; heart failure; pregnancy
Hubungan kualitas tidur dengan tinggi badan pada remaja usia 10-15 tahun Septa surya wahyudi; Ayu munawaroh aziz; Alfina kamelia fakhriyah
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i2.p93-103.2021

Abstract

Kualitas tidur yang baik harus dicapai seseorang untuk mendapatkan manfaat dari tidur. Selama periode tidur, tubuh menyekresikan GH dalam darah. Sekresi GH mencapai puncaknya saat tidur nyenyak terutama tengah malam. Kadar GH yang disekresikan saat tidur dapat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan fisik terutama tinggi badan pada masa pertumbuhan.Penelitian ini merupakan observasional analitik, menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas tidur dengan tinggi badan pada remaja usia 10-15 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proportional stratified random sampling dengan menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, pemeriksaan tinggi badan berat badan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi Square.Penelitian menunjukkan sampel yang mempunyai kualitas tidur baik yakni 26 sampel (86,7%), kualitas tidur buruk sebanyak 4 sampel (13,3%). Sebanyak 16 sampel (53,3%) mempunyai tinggi badan sesuai nilai normal menurut usia dalam pedoman WHO, Kemenkes RI, dan CDC pada tahun 2001, 14 sampel (46,7%) lainnya tidak sesuai pedoman tersebut. Hasil uji Chi Square menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara kualitas tidur dengan tinggi badan (p=0,022). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan tinggi badan pada remaja usia 10-15 tahun. Semakin baik kualitas tidur, maka tinggi badan anak akan semakin sesuai dengan nilai normal menurut usia.
Analisis Jumlah Trombosit Pada Pasien Terinfeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) Ratih Hasma; Rikarni Rikarni; Dwi Yulia
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 5 (2021): Online Oktober 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i5.p316-324.2021

Abstract

Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah trombosit pada pasien terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif cross sectional terhadap 123 pasien terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Juli-September 2020 di Laboratorium Sentral RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang. Pemeriksaan jumlah trombosit dilakukan dengan alat hematologi otomatis metode Hydrodynamic Focusing DC Detection. Pemeriksaan trombosit dilakukan saat awal rawatan. Data jumlah trombosit disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Sampel penelitian perempuan (58,5%) lebih banyak daripada laki-laki (41,5%), rerata umur 47,8(15,6) tahun. Rentang umur pasien yaitu 21-82 tahun. Kelompok umur 30-39 dan 50-59 terbanyak yang terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Rerata jumlah trombosit 295.154(108.783) /mm3. Trombositopenia ditemukan pada 6 pasien (4,9%), trombositosis pada 17 pasien (13,8%) dan jumlah trombosit normal pada 100 pasien (81,3%). Jumlah kematian dengan trombositopenia sebanyak 1 pasien (16,7%). Jumlah kematian dengan trombosit normal sebanyak 13 pasien (13%). Jumlah kematian dengan trombositosis sebanyak 4 pasien (23,5%). Simpulan: Jumlah trombosit pasien terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 memperlihatkan trombositopenia 4,9%  dan trombositosis 13,8%.Kata kunci: COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; trombosit.

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