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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 792 Documents
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Pengaruh terapi dupilumab pada dermatitis atopik sedang hingga berat Elaine Purnomo; Eka Narayana Chandra; Dian Ardiana
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 3 (2021): Online August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i3.p%p.2021

Abstract

AbstrakDupilumab merupakan antibodi monoklonal yang bekerja spesifik sebagai antagonis reseptor-α IL-4 yang menghambat kedua pensinyalan IL-4 dan IL-13 pada reseptor IL-4. Dermatitis atopik merupakan kaskade inflamasi dimediasi Th2 yang memproduksi sitokin IL-4 dan IL-13. Inflamasi kronis kulit ini disertai dengan eksaserbasi dan remisi berulang dan ditandai lesi eksem yang pruritus, yang menganggu aktivitas serta kualitas tidur pasien di malam hari dan berakibat menurunnya kualitas hidup pasien. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi dupilumab pada dermatitis atopik sedang hingga berat; Metode: Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan review beberapa literatur yang berhubungan dengan pengaruh terapi dupilumab terhadap pengobatan dermatitis atopik sedang hingga berat; Hasil: Pada penelusuran literatur didapatkan pengaruh terapi dupilumab terhadap pengobatan dermatitis atopik sedang hingga berat berupa perbaikan indeks skor keparahan lesi serta peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien dermatitis atopik sedang hingga berat; Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh terapi dupilumab terhadap perbaikan indeks skor keparahan lesi dan peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien dermatitis atopik sedang hingga berat.Kata kunci: Dupilumab; anti IL-4Rα; Dermatitis Atopik; Keparahan Lesi; Kualitas Hidup.
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly on Alzheimer’s Rat with Y-Maze Test Method Sisca Dwi Yarni; Hirowati Ali; Djong Hon Tjong
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i2.p112-116.2021

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to examine the y-maze test in alzheimer's rat after giving mesenchymal stem cell wharton jelly. Methods: This study used the y-maze test method to test the cognitive test of rat with the Y arm model. The treatment group consisted of a control, AlCl3, MSC-WJ and a combination of AlCl3 and MSC-WJ. The results obtained were analyzed in the form of a percentage. Results: The results of this study showed that the y-maze test showed that MSC-WJ had a significant effect compared to the AlCl3 control group in the alzheimer’s rat, namely 51.33% and 12.31%. Conclusion: In this study it was concluded that that MSC-WJ has a significant effect on alzheimer’s rat with y maze test.Keywords: AlCl3; Alzheimer’s; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly
Pengaruh Ekstrak Dan Fraksi Metanol Buah Kurma (Phoenix Dactylifera) Ajwa Terhadap Histologi Testis, Jumlah Sperma, Dan Viabilitas Spermatozoa Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Spraque Dawley Domma Sinaga
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i1.p28-40.2021

Abstract

Tujuan: untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak dan fraksi metanol air buah kurma ajwa (Phoenix dactylifera) terhadap histologi tesis, jumlah sperma, dan viabilitas spermatozoa pada tikus putih (Rattus novergicus) jantan galur Sprague Dawley. Metode: Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan sampel penelitian dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan. Tahapan pelaksanaannya yaitu pembuatan sediaan histologi testis, menghitung jumlah sperma, dan menghitung viabilitas spermatozoa. Hasil penelitian: menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan viabilitas spermatozoa terutama pada fraksi metanol air dengan dosis 300 mg/kgBB/hari yang ditunjukkan dengan hasil uji one way anova didapatkan nilai p = 0,000 dengan nilai alpha 0,05 (p<α). Perhitungan jumlah sperma juga meningkatkan peningkatan dengan menggunakan uji one way anova didapatkan nilai p = 0,000 dengan nilai alpha 0,05 (p<α). Sedangkan perhitungan diameter tubulus seminiferus juga mengalami peningkatan dengan menggunakan uji one way anova didapatkan nilai p = 0,002 dengan nilai alpha 0,05 (p<α). Simpulan: bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak dan fraksi metanol air buah kurma ajwa terhadap diamater tubulus, viabilitas spermatozoa, dan jumlah sperma.
THE POTENTIAL GRAM-NEGATIVE ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA FROM PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica) WITH QUORUM-QUENCHING ACTIVITY Nur Al Huda; Mahyarudin Mahyarudin; Mitra Handini; Ambar Rialita; Mardhia Mardhia
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 43, No 2 (2020): Online Mei 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v43.i2.p71-83.2020

Abstract

Background: Quorum-sensing is communication between bacterial involved in virulence. Bacterial virulence can be inhibited by quorum-quenching mechanism. Endophytic bacteria of pegagan leaf may produce secondary metabolit similar to bioactive compounds in the leaf wich can act in quorum-quenching; Aims: The study aimed to determine quorum-quenching ability in gram-negative bacteria from pegagan leaf; Methods: Gram-negative endophytic bacteria from pegagan were isolated, purified and subcultured by streak plate method on Nutrient Agar. Quorum-quenching activity was evaluated  by measuring the purple color inhibition zone of C. violaceum. Five Bacteria with the largest inhibition zones were characterized based on the characteristics of colony morphology, cell morphology and biochemical activities; Results: A total of 15 pure isolates of Gram-negative endophytic bacteria were obtained from 46 pure isolates of endophytic bacteria from Centella asiatica leaves. All isolates of Gram-negative endophytic bacteria showed quorum-quenching activity with inhibitory zones ranged from 9.0 to 13.0 mm. Five isolates that showed the largest quorum-quenching activity were included in genus Flavimonas, Flavobacterium and Acinetobacter; Conclusions: Gram-negative endophytic bacteria from pegagan leaf (Centella asiatica) potential to have quorum-quenching activity against Chromobacterium violaceum.
Gambaran Kualitas Hidup Pasien Fraktur Femur Pasca Operasi Ilham Devirxa Jusaf; Ridwan Balatif
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 3 (2021): Online August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i3.p%p.2021

Abstract

Objective: To describe the quality of life in postoperative femoral fracture patients. Methods: This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional method. The sample in this study were patients diagnosed with femoral fractures and had surgery at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from the period July 2015 to December 2018. Data on patient characteristics were taken from medical records while data regarding the quality of life of patients were taken directly by researchers by interviewing patients by telephone. Quality of life was measured using the short form -36 (SF-36). Results: Most of the patients were male (81.5%), with an age range of 25-34 years being the largest age (29.6%) of femoral fracture cases in this study. The most common cause of femoral fractures was traffic accidents (85.2%). The most locations of femur fractures were in the subtrochanteric area and were not specific (25.9%). The most common type of fracture was closed fracture (66.7%). From the results of the assessment of the quality of life subvariable, almost all variables have good scores except vitality. Conclusion: Overall the patient's quality of life variable, about 59.3% of postoperative femoral fracture patients had a good quality of life.
Hubungan Lama Masa Studi terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Gejala, Diagnosa, Tatalaksana Covid-19 Pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara: cross-sectional study Intania Cahya Sari Bangun
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i2.p80-85.2021

Abstract

AbstractPurpose:  The study aimed to identify the different level of knowledge in medical students of Universitas Sumatera Utara based on the length of study.  Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based survey at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia. The participants were from the 2-4 grades of medical school, 91 participants in total. This study started from March 2020 to December 2020. The questionnaire designed to identify the different level of knowledge of the students. Then, we analyzed the correlation using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.Results: From 91 respondents, 21 (23,1%) have a good knowledge, 40 (44%) have enough knowledge, and 30 (33%) doesn’t have enough knowledge about Covid-19. Most respondents are 20 years old (29,7%), female (29,7%), live in Medan (69,2%), and most of the respondents were bataknese (40,7%). There is a correlation between the length of study and the level of knowledge about Covid-19 on medical students of Universitas Sumatera Utara (p= 0,033).Conclusion: This study shows that there is a correlation between the length of study and the knowledge about Covid-19 on medical students of Universitas Sumatera Utara. 
Pemberian antikoagulan pada wanita hamil dengan katup prostetik mekanik Putri Yeantesa
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 43, No 2 (2020): Online Mei 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v43.i2.p148-158.2020

Abstract

                Antikoagulan sangat penting dalam berbagai macam kondisi pada wanita dalam usia reproduktif. Penggunaannya selama kehamilan meningkatkan resiko perdarahan dan efek buruk lainnya pada ibu dan janinPasien wanita usia 37 tahun, G5P4A0H4 Gravida 35-36 minggu dan riwayat mitral valve replacement (MVR) dengan katup mekanik dirawat untuk persiapan kehamilan karena pasien mendapatkan terapi warfarin sebelumnya. Selama perawatan antikoagulan diganti dengan heparin dengan target aPTT 1,5-2x kontrol, nilai ini sulit tercapai meskipun pemberian heparin sudah mencapai dosis maksimal. Dilakukan pemantauan yang ketat untuk munculnya tanda-tanda tromboemboli pada pasien selama perawatan. Terminasi kehamilan dilakukan pada usia kehamilan 38 minggu tampa adanya komplikasi akibat pemberian antikoagulan selama kehamilan dan terapi warfarin dapat dilanjutkan kembali setelah persalinan. Tatalaksana dengan antikoagulan selama kehamilan harus dipertimbangkan dengan hati-hati, dengan pemilihan yang bijaksana dari agen antikoagulan, dan dengan gambaran terhadap perubahan fisiologik dari kehamilan untuk menetapkan dosis yang tepat.
Correlation between Oxidative Stress with Cartilage Thickness and Catalase Activity in Osteoarthritis Model Rat after MSC-WJ Treatment Endrinaldi Endrinaldi; Rauza Sukma Rita; Tofrizal Tofrizal; Sisca Dwi Yarni
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 3 (2021): Online August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i3.p%p.2021

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the involvement of oxidative damage in rat model of osteoarthritis treated with Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly and to elucidate whether oxidative stress indicators correlate with cartilage damage and catalase activity. Methods: This research is an experimental research with Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The sample consisted of 30 OA rat divided into 5 groups. Group I was the OA rat control group, group II was the OA rat group after 4 weeks, group III was the OA rat group after 8 weeks, group IV was the OA rat group after 4 weeks of treatment with MSC-WJ and group V is the OA rat group after 8 weeks treated with MSC-WJ. Malondialdehyde were measured by Ohkawa method, Cartilage Thickness were measured by using the Betaview program and catalase activity were measured by modification of Shinha.Results: The results showed that the analysis of the Correlation between MDA with Cartilage Thickness (r= – 0.665) and CAT activity (r= – 0.666) in osteoarthritis Model Rat after Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton’s Jelly Treatment.Conclusion: This study demonstrated a strong negative correlation between oxidative stress and knee cartilage thickness and catalase activity of MSC-WJ treated OA rats.
Upaya Pencegahan Kanker Serviks melalui Vaksinasi dan Skrining Human Papillomavirus Syandrez Prima Putra
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 44, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i2.p125-133.2021

Abstract

Kanker serviks masih menjadi salah satu penyebab kesakitan dan kematian tertinggi pada perempuan secara global akibat keganasan. Infeksi human papillomavirus (HPV) risiko tinggi (high-risk HPV/ hrHPV) terutama HPV 16 dan 18 merupakan penyebab etiologis terjadinya kanker serviks. Pemanfaatan vaksin HPV baik bivalen, quadrivalen, dan generasi terbaru 9-valen dinilai efektif untuk mencegah terjadinya kanker serviks di negara-negara maju, sementara di negara-negara berkembang masih terkendala dengan sumber daya yang terbatas. Disamping vaksinasi, skrining kanker serviks masih penting untuk dilakukan untuk preventif. Deteksi dini secara sitologis menggunakan Pap smear merupakan metode konvensional dengan sensitifitas dan spesifisitas yang tinggi, namun sulit diterapkan di negara-negara berkembang. Inspeksi visual asam asetat (tes IVA) menjadi alternatif pemeriksaan sitologis yang lebih murah, namun akurasinya untuk identifikasi lesi prakanker masih diperdebatkan. Tes DNA HPV saat ini menjadi pilihan pencegahan kanker serviks terbaru yang uji sensitiftas dan spesifisitasnya mampu menyamai Pap smear pada kasus neoplasia intraepitelial serviks (CIN) +2 dan +3. Jadwal skrining yang lebih sedikit dan adanya peluang untuk melakukan pengambilan sampel secara mandiri membuat tes HPV sangat ideal untuk dimasukkan pada program pencegahan primer pada negara berkembang. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan kondisi terbaru mengenai epidemiologi kanker serviks dan upaya preventif terkini yang lebih efektif.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome in Healthy Infant Anggia Perdana Harmen
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 45, No 3 (2022): Online July 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i1.p59-70.2021

Abstract

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) describes a spectrum of superficial blistering skin disorders caused by the exfoliative toxins of Staphylococcus aureus that originates from a focus of infection that may be a purulent conjunctivitis, otitis media, or occult nasopharyngeal infection. It usually begins with fever, irritability, and a generalized, paint, orange-red, macular erythema with cutaneous tenderness, and the rash progress from scarlatiniform to a blistering eruption in 24 to 48 hours. A diagnosis must distinguish SSSS from other skin diseases, such as toxic epidermal necrolysis, epidermolysis bullosa, bullous erythema multiforme, Streptococcal impetigo or listeriosis and thermal or chemical burns, all of which can manifest with similar symptoms. The prognosis of SSSS in children who are appropriately treated is good, with a mortality of less than 5%. A case was a three moths old boy hospitalized in Pediatric ward M. Djamil hospital with chief complain redness and peeling of the skin since 2 days before hospitalized. Culture of the skin, eyes and nose was Staphylococcus aureus, and patients was given ampicillin and gentamycin for seven days.

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