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INDONESIA
Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA)
ISSN : 2684785X     EISSN : 26561727     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36378/juatika.v7i1
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) contains original articles of research, review article/literature review in Agronomy, Plant Protection, and Soil Science
Articles 213 Documents
The Effect of Ascorbic Acid on the Quality of Fresh Cut Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr ) Stored at 5°C Lestari, Ayu; Aisyah A, Siti; Hadriman , Khair
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i1.5000

Abstract

Fresh-cut pineapple is increasingly popular due to its convenience and high nutritional value. This study evaluatedthe effects of different concentrations of ascorbic acid on the quality of fresh-cut pineapple (Ananas comosus L.var. MS16) stored at 5 °C by analyzing hardness, color parameters (L*, a*, b*, chroma, hue angle), soluble solidscontent, sugar/acid ratio, ascorbic acid content, and total titratable acidity. Results showed that ascorbic acidhad no significant effect (p > 0.05) on hardness and color, indicating stable texture and appearance, butsignificantly affected (p < 0.05) the sugar/acid ratio, ascorbic acid content, and total titratable acidity. The 0.5%treatment best maintained texture (3.02 N), acidity (4.56% citric acid), and color stability, while the 1% treatmentproduced the highest vitamin C content (28.53 mg/100 g). The control exhibited the highest sugar/acid ratio(40.89), indicating a sweeter taste but lower antioxidant protection. Overall, 0.5% ascorbic acid was the mosteffective concentration for preserving freshness and nutritional quality during cold storage.
The Effect of Shelf Life and the Effectiveness of Biopesticide Fobio in Controlling Stem Rot Disease in Vanilla Plants (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) Bilqis, Mutiara Alyzza; Wiyatiningsih, Sri; Mujoko, Tri
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i1.5017

Abstract

Stem rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum poses a significant challenge to vanilla (Vanilla planifoliaAndrews) cultivation. The use of microbial-based biopesticides, such as FOBIO, provides an environmentallyfriendly alternative to reduce reliance on chemical fungicides. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of FOBIObiopesticide storage age and concentration on disease intensity and vanilla plant growth (Vanilla planifoliaAndrews). The research was conducted from March to June 2025 in Dusun Tukum using a factorial completelyrandomized design with two factors: FOBIO storage age (6 months and 1 year) and concentrations (5, 7.5, and 10mL/L of water), with three replications totaling 105 plants. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance(ANCOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The resultsdemonstrated that the FOBIO application significantly reduced disease intensity compared to the control (p <0.05). The most effective treatment was FOBIO stored for 1 year at a concentration of 7.5 mL/L of water (FP23B),resulting in a final disease intensity of 6.365 compared to 38.255 in the control. FOBIO also increased leaf numberand stimulated plant growth during the vegetative phase, including accelerating flower development. The FOBIObiopesticide is an environmentally friendly alternative for controlling stem rot in vanilla and serves as a biologicalcontrol agent with potential to support sustainable agriculture.
Evaluation of Blast Disease Resistance in Rice Plants (Oryza sativa) Resulting from BSR-D1 Gene Editing Through In-Planta Transformation With CRISPR/Cas9 Technology Muhammad Wajdi Hakimi; Wahyuni Umami; Rogayah Sekeli
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i1.5021

Abstract

Rice blast disease, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, poses a significant threat to rice productivityworldwide. To enhance rice resistance to this disease, CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology has been used tomodify the Bsr-d1 gene, which is known to regulate plant resistance to fungal infections negatively. This studyaims to evaluate the blast disease resistance of the T2 generation of the Bsr-d1 gene-edited rice variety MR 297.The transformed plants were inoculated with a P. oryzae isolate (Isolate MR297 3.1), and disease symptoms wereassessed nine days post-inoculation using the IRRI scale (0–9). The results demonstrated that several gene-editedplant lines exhibited significantly milder disease symptoms compared to susceptible control plants. These findingsindicate that editing the Bsr-d1 gene effectively enhances rice resistance to blast disease without compromisingkey agronomic traits. By eliminating the need for tissue culture, this protocol offers a simpler and more efficientapproach with the potential for widespread adoption in disease-resistant rice breeding programs. The primaryadvantage of this study is the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology to specifically target the Bsr-d1 gene, anegative regulator of blast resistance. This method enhances rice plant resistance without introducing foreigngenes, increasing its likelihood of regulatory approval and acceptance in field applications. Resistance testingusing local isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae enhances the relevance of the findings to local agroecosystemconditions. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that increased resistance does not compromise key agronomictraits, supporting the development of superior rice varieties that are both high-yielding and disease-resistant. It isrecommended that users conduct multi-location and multi-season trials to evaluate the stability of gene-editedplant resistance under varying environmental conditions and pathogen pressures. Additionally, a more in-depthanalysis of the impact of the Bsr-d1 gene on the expression of other genes related to plant growth and yield isnecessary.
Evaluation Status Hara Land and Leaf Plant Coconut Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) Plantation People in Linggabayu District, Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia Nasution, Noviantika; Mukhlis; Sembiring, Mariani Br
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i1.5129

Abstract

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the most important plantation crops in Indonesia, and requireseffective soil and nutrient management to achieve optimal productivity. This survey aimed to evaluate soil andleaf nutrient status in oil palm plantations managed by smallholders in Linggabayu District, Mandailing NatalRegency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Data were collected through field observations and soil and leafsampling in Batuloting Village, Banjar Selamat, and Padang Silojongan, with 10 trees sampled at each location. Allsamples were analyzed at the PT Socfin Indonesia (SOCFINDO) Laboratory to determine the macronutrient contentof nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg). The results showed that soil N, P, and Klevels at most locations were low to very low, while Mg levels ranged from low to high. Leaf tissue analysisrevealed that nitrogen content was generally within the optimal range at almost all locations, except in BanjarSelamat Village and Padang Silojongan, where deficiency symptoms were observed. Phosphorus content in leavesranged from adequate to optimal, while potassium content varied from low to optimal across sampling locations.Magnesium levels in leaves were relatively adequate, although a small percentage of samples still indicateddeficiencies. These findings suggest that, despite generally limited soil fertility, oil palm plants can effectivelyabsorb nutrients. This condition is supported by current fertilization practices and the physiological adaptabilityof oil palm plants to efficiently utilize soil nutrients. Therefore, site-specific nutrient management, particularlyfor N, P, and K, is recommended to improve soil fertility and maintain oil palm productivity in smallholderplantations.
Test Effectiveness Fertilizer Organic KoHeA+MF with Substance Regulator Grow Experience To Germination and Growth of Red Chili Seeds (Capsicum Annuum L.) Varieties Lotanbar Fitri, Febria; Wulantika, Trisia; Sondang, Yun; Hardaningsih, Wiwik; Wahono, Sentot
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 Mei 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i2.5324

Abstract

Chili Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Red chili is one of the leading horticultural commodities, widely consumed bythe public for both culinary and medicinal purposes. The demand for red chili continues to increase alongsidepopulation growth. Consequently, increased red chili production must be accompanied by improvements inquality. The use of high-quality seeds is a major factor in enhancing both quality and yield. The planting mediumis another critical factor influencing plant growth, especially in the nursery stage. Additionally, phytohormones orplant growth regulators (PGRs) affect seed germination. This study aimed to examine the effects of differentdosages of the organic fertilizer KoHeA + MF, various types of natural PGRs, and their interactions on thegermination and early vegetative growth of red chilli seeds of the Lotanbar variety. The experiment employed aCompletely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial arrangement with four doses of KoHeA + MF organic fertilizer (0, 5,10, and 15 tons/ha) and four types of natural PGRs (no PGR, young coconut water, shallot extract, and bambooshoot extract), each applied at a 50% concentration. The variables observed included germination rate, maximumgrowth potential, plant height, leaf length, and number of leaves. Results indicated that KoHeA + MF organicfertilizer significantly influenced vegetative growth of red chilli plants, whereas natural PGRs enhanced seedgermination rates. The optimal treatment combined a planting medium mixed with KoHeA + MF at 10 tons/ha andseed soaking in natural PGR derived from young coconut water
Molecular Characterization of Pineapple (Ananas comosus L, Merr.) using Microsatellite Markers Sari, Sri Rama; Hanif , Andini; Ab Razak, Shahril; Abdul Ghani, Nurul Shamimi
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i1.5420

Abstract

The molecular characterization of pineapple germplasm (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) is crucial for evaluatinggenetic variation and supporting conservation and breeding initiatives. A total of 25 pineapple accessions wereused in this study. The accessions included cultivated types designated with the code (MP) and ornamental typesdesignated with the code (OC). Pineapple accessions were characterized using six simple sequence repeat (SSR)markers. These SSR markers revealed moderate levels of polymorphism, with the number of alleles per locusranging from 2 to 6, an average gene diversity of 0.63, and polymorphic information content (PIC) values rangingfrom 0.37 to 0.65. Pairwise genetic distances ranged from 0.000 to 0.917, reflecting a broad spectrum ofdivergence among the accessions. The UPGMA dendrogram grouped all accessions into two main clusters, with oneornamental accession (OC11) forming a distinct cluster, while the other ornamental and cultivated types wereintermixed, indicating partial genetic separation rather than complete divergence. The moderate number ofmarkers and the limited number of loci constrained the clustering resolution. The strength of this study lies in theavailability of genetic distance and clustering information, which can be used to identify the most divergentaccessions as candidate parents for crossing and to recognize highly related accessions to avoid collectionredundancy. It is recommended that accessions originating from different clusters and exhibiting high geneticdistances be prioritized as sources of genetic diversity in breeding programs. Additionally, increasing the numberof polymorphic SSR markers is advised to improve identification accuracy and clustering resolution.
Antagonistic Evaluation of Trichoderma against The Pathogens Colletotrichum, Pestalotiopsis, and Phytophthora using Dual Culture and Split Plate Techniques Hamidy, Muhammad Rasyid; Widihastuty; Ahmad, Suhanna
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 Mei 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i2.5187

Abstract

Plant pathogens such as Colletotrichum, Pestalotiopsis, and Phytophthora are major causal agents of significant yield losses in tropical horticultural crops. Among various biological control agents, Trichoderma species have been widely studied due to their antagonistic capabilities, rapid colonization, and ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes. Dual-culture and split-plate assays are commonly used to evaluate direct inhibition mechanisms and inhibition mediated by volatile compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic potential of Trichoderma reesei against three tropical pathogens using both assay methods. The antagonistic potential of Trichoderma reesei against three major tropical plant pathogens—Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Pestalotiopsis microspora, and Phytophthora palmivora—was assessed using dual-culture and split-plate techniques. In the dual-culture assay, T. reesei showed varying levels of inhibition across the tested pathogens. The highest mean inhibition was observed against P. microspora (89.37 ± 1.48%), followed by C. gloeosporioides (87.22 ± 2.01%), and the lowest against P. palmivora (84.37 ± 1.35%). Statistical analysis (GLM, F = 9.38; p = 0.0063) revealed significant differences among pathogens, with Tukey's test indicating that inhibition against Pestalotiopsis was significantly greater than against Phytophthora palmivora. The results indicate that Trichoderma reesei exhibits more effective antagonistic activity against Pestalotiopsis than against Phytophthora palmivora. This suggests that the inhibitory mechanisms of T. reesei are more specific and potent against certain pathogens, particularly necrotrophic fungi such as Pestalotiopsis. This specificity enhances its value as a biological control agent by demonstrating selectivity toward target pathogens. Another advantage of T. reesei is its ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes, such as chitinase and glucanase, that degrade the cell walls of pathogens. This enzymatic activity strengthens the effectiveness of biological inhibition without causing negative environmental impacts. Therefore, T. reesei has strong potential as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic chemical fungicides. Users are encouraged to integrate T. reesei with Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. Combining it with proper cultivation techniques—such as field sanitation, crop rotation, and the use of resistant varieties—will enhance overall disease control effectiveness. Additionally, environmental factors such as humidity, temperature, and soil pH should be considered, as they influence the activity of T. reesei. Optimizing these conditions will improve colonization and antagonistic activity of this microorganism in the field.
Germination Response of Fruit and Pod Vegetable Seeds Using Cow Manure Liquid Organic Fertilizer Hutabarat, Munia Nabilla; Munar, Asritanarni; Pillai, Sashikala Maruthai
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 Mei 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i2.5202

Abstract

The early growth of chilli peppers, long beans, green beans, and okra is often constrained by limited nutrient availability and a heavy reliance on chemical fertilizers, underscoring the need for effective, environmentally friendly organic liquid fertilizers. This study investigated the effects and optimal concentration of M2 (Panchagavya) liquid fertilizer on the early growth of these crops. M2 contains beneficial microbes, natural plant hormones, and essential nutrients that promote seed germination and root development. The fertilizer was prepared by fermenting organic matter for 30 days and tested in both laboratory (petri dish) and field experiments at six concentrations (0–5%) with three replications. Observed parameters included germination rate, root length, fresh and dry weight, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC), which were analyzed using ANOVA The results of this study indicate that M2 (Panchagavya) liquid fertilizer significantly enhances the early growth of chili peppers, long beans, green beans, and okra, improving germination rate, root length, and both fresh and dry biomass. M2 promotes root elongation and dry biomass accumulation through its beneficial microbes, natural plant hormones, and essential nutrients, thereby facilitating seedling germination and preparing young plants for efficient nutrient uptake. Optimal M2 concentrations vary by species: 1–2% for green beans and kale, and 4–5% for chillies and okra. This fertilizer is organic and environmentally friendly, reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers. It is recommended that users apply M2 at species-specific concentrations, particularly during germination and early vegetative growth stages, ensure a 30-day fermentation process to maintain fertilizer quality, and monitor plant growth to adjust dosages as needed.
Increasing the Production of Chili Peppers (Capsicum frutescens) with Application of Mycorrhiza Glomus Moseae and Gigaspora on Sea Sand Media Maulana, Mizan; Suswati; Noer, Zulheri
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i1.5217

Abstract

Utilizing coastal areas for agricultural purposes has not yet been widely adopted. The saline conditions and sandy soils typical of coastal regions make it difficult for plants to thrive. Chili peppers are a horticultural commodity with high economic value and are widely cultivated by farmers across various regions of Indonesia. Geographically and ecologically, Indonesia's coastal areas hold significant potential for agricultural development, fisheries, tourism, marine energy, and biodiversity conservation. Approximately 22% of Indonesia's total land area is coastal, making these regions highly strategic for local resource-based economic development. The total coastal area is estimated at over 327,000 km². Besides household use, cayenne pepper also serves as a raw material in the food and beverage industry. However, saline stress conditions can be toxic to plants. Salinity stress disrupts many aspects of plant physiology, including a decreased photosynthesis rate, cell damage due to sodium ion (Na⁺) accumulation, and reduced crop quality. This study employed a 4 × 3 randomized block factorial design (RBD) with three replications, yielding 12 treatment combinations across two treatment factors. The results showed that mycorrhizal application significantly affected plant height at 15, 30, and 45 days after sowing (DAS), as well as fresh weight at 110 DAS, but had no significant effect on other parameters. Among all observations, the Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal type consistently outperformed other mycorrhizal types in enhancing cayenne pepper growth. This study recommends further research on the use of organic materials as planting models suitable for coastal areas. Reason: The text was revised to improve clarity, coherence, and technical accuracy. Redundant phrases were removed, and terminology was standardized (e.g., “days after sowing" instead of "HST”). Sentence structure was enhanced for readability, and scientific names were corrected for proper formatting. Additionally, the flow of ideas was improved to connect better the background, methodology, results, and recommendations.
Diversity Insect Plant Jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) on Land Orgosol, MARDI, Selangor, Malaysia Ritonga, Muhammad Fachri Ansyida; Fadhillah, Wizni; Yusuf, Suhana Bt
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 Mei 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i2.5252

Abstract

This study aims to identify and analyze the diversity of insect species on jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) plants in the MARDI organic farmland, Selangor, Malaysia. Data collection was conducted over 12 days, from September 23 to October 4, 2025, using two primary methods: Yellow Sticky Traps (YST) and manual capture. The data obtained included the number of individuals from various insect orders, including Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Dictyoptera, Lepidoptera, and Orthoptera, as well as Arachnida, totaling 4,245 individuals. The results showed that the order Hymenoptera (predators) dominated with 1,589 individuals, followed by Hemiptera (600) and Diptera (beneficials) (463), while the lowest number was recorded in Orthoptera (6 individuals). The highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') value was observed on day 6 (1.950), indicating a relatively balanced ecosystem, whereas the lowest value occurred on day 9 (1.597) due to the dominance of predatory Hymenoptera. The highest species richness (Margalef index) was also recorded on day 6 (2.88), indicating robust species diversity, and species similarity (Sorensen index) reached a maximum value of 1.0 on day 12, indicating the stability of the insect community. Overall, these results indicate fluctuating insect population dynamics, with a tendency toward ecosystem stability by the end of the observation period.