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INDONESIA
Indonesian Physical Review
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 26151278     EISSN : 26147904     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Physics
Indonesian Physical Review is a peer review journal which is managed and published by Physics Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Mataram. This journal is published periodically three times a year, in January, May and September. IPR is Open Accsess for all readers and includes research developments in physics both experimentally and analytically. Focus and scope include Theoritical Physics, Computation, Material sciences, Instrumentation, Biophysics, Geophysics, and Optics.
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Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)" : 25 Documents clear
DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATIC PENDULUM VELOCITY MEASURING DEVICE USING LIGHT SENSORS Adiati, Rima Fitria; Haniyah, Astridea Salwa; Kartono, Agus; Syafutra, Heriyanto
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.404

Abstract

The instantaneous velocity of an object is the rate of change of its position over an infinitesimally small-time interval, making direct measurement with tools like stopwatches impractical. Using two LDR sensors paired with an Arduino, it is possible to measure such small-time intervals effectively. Understanding the maximum velocity of a mathematical pendulum is critical for distinguishing between harmonic and non-harmonic oscillations. To validate the accuracy of the sensor-Arduino system, several experiments were conducted, including comparisons between Arduino measurements and those obtained from a movie tracker, as well as variations in sensor separation distances, initial oscillation angles, and pendulum rope lengths. Results showed a high level of agreement between Arduino and movie tracker measurements for pendulum crossing times. Additionally, the sensor-Arduino system successfully differentiated the effects of varying each parameter while holding others constant. The system demonstrated an accuracy of 97.86% for velocity measurements at a release angle of 5°, with an average recorded velocity of 23.350 m/s. These findings confirm the sensor-Arduino system's capability to reliably measure the velocity of a mathematical pendulum.
COMPARATIVE BEHAVIOR OF MAGNETIC IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES (MIONS) VIA MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL ROUTES Fajariman, Ilham Dias; Hidayat, Arif; Diantoro, Markus; Laksono, Yoyok Adi Setio; Wulandari, Nurul Putri; Chusna, Nadiya Miftachul; Yuliana, Futri; Saputra, Kormil; Sunaryono, Sunaryono
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.407

Abstract

This study successfully synthesized Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (MIONs) through two different processes, namely mechanical synthesis (MIONs – M) and chemical synthesis (MIONs – N). The synthesized samples were characterized using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) to determine the elemental composition, morphology, structure, and magnetization of the samples. XRF analysis revealed that iron (Fe) dominated both samples, with concentrations reaching 93.91% for MIONs – M and 89.91% for MIONs – N. SEM morphological analysis showed that the MIONs tended to be spherical and experienced agglomeration, with particle size distribution around 120 nm for MIONs – M and 30 nm for MIONs – N. XRD data indicated that both samples exhibited a cubic spinel Fe3O4 phase, consistent with the AMCSD 0000945 model data. Using the refinement method and Debye-Scherrer equation, the crystallite size and density of MIONs – M were found to be larger than MIONs – N. This correlates with VSM data analysis, where the saturation magnetization of MIONs – M (49.51 emu/g) was greater than that of MIONs – N (26.54 emu/g). These results provide important insights into the characteristics of MIONs and their implications for technological and industrial applications.
OPTIMIZING ELECTRON DIFFUSION, TEMPERATURE, AND PHOTOANODE THICKNESS FOR ENHANCED PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFICIENCY IN TiOâ‚‚/CuS DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS (DSSCs) Muhammad, Nawafil; Supriyanto, Edy; Prasetya, Dwi Sabda Budi; Setyaningsih, Emy; Subekti, Agus
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.413

Abstract

This study addresses a critical gap in optimizing electron diffusion, operational temperature, and photoanode thickness to enhance the photovoltaic efficiency of TiO₂/CuS-doped dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). While previous studies have investigated individual parameters affecting DSSC performance, limited research examines their combined effects on charge transport and recombination rates. Through computational modeling, we evaluated photoanode thicknesses from 1 µm to 100 µm and operational temperatures from 260 K to 350 K, analyzing their influence on electron mobility, recombination rates, and overall efficiency. Results show that the electron diffusion coefficient increases with temperature, reaching a maximum of 1.626 × 10⁻⁶ cm²/s at 350 K, thereby enhancing electron transport and reducing recombination losses. An optimal photoanode thickness of 3 µm was identified, yielding the highest efficiency of 17.28% across the temperature range. Efficiency declines at thicknesses exceeding 3 µm due to extended electron diffusion paths and higher recombination rates. These findings underscore the importance of balancing temperature and structural parameters to improve charge transport and minimize losses, particularly for DSSC applications in warm environments.
INTEGRATION OF SOLAR PANELS AND ARDUINO FOR AQUAPONIC SYSTEM AUTOMATION AND SOLAR ENERGY EFFICIENCY Lubis, Lailatul Husna; Mesyadi, Mesyadi; Nasution, Mulkan Iskandar
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.415

Abstract

Aquaponics is a system that combines fish and plant farming in one mutually beneficial ecosystem. However, the consumption of electrical energy, such as driving water pumps in aquaponic systems, is crucial because it requires considerable financing. Solar panels are one of the alternatives in reducing the use of electrical energy. Solar energy is environmentally friendly and does not produce pollution like conventional energy. Thus, automation and using solar energy as renewable energy can be a solution to improving the efficiency of aquaponic systems. This research aims to analyze the Arduino-based automation system and the use of 200 Wp solar panels in aquaponics involving catfish and water spinach cultivation. The system uses solar panels as the primary energy source stored in VRLA batteries, regulated through a Solar Charge Controller, and converted into AC electricity to operate the water pump and automatic monitoring system. Arduino Uno controls the automation and monitoring with pH, TDS, temperature, humidity, and ultrasonic sensors to monitor environmental conditions. Tests show that the solar panel produces an average voltage of 40.83 V and a current of 3.28 A, with an efficiency of 40.65% and a power that can be generated in a day of 1200 Watts. The operational cost of the solar panel system was calculated using the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), showing that it is more efficient than PLN electricity at Rp 688.15/kWh vs. Rp 1,444.70/kWh or Rp 31,397.3 vs. Rp 65,947.35 for one year of aquaponic system use. Monitoring for 10 days showed optimal growth of water spinach and catfish plants with consistent pH, temperature, humidity, and pump and servo operation. The results indicate that an aquaponics system powered by renewable energy and Arduino-based automation effectively meets energy needs at a lower cost and improves the efficiency and reliability of aquaponics operations.
ABRASION INVESTIGATION USING SHEAR WAVE VELOCITY AND POISSON’S RATIO APPROACHES IN URAI VILLAGE NORTH BENGKULU REGENCY Sesilia, Tiara; Farid, Muchammad; Hadi, Arif Ismul; Al Ansory, Andre Rahmat
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.348

Abstract

The coastal areas of North Bengkulu Regency, particularly Urai Village, have been severely impacted by widespread abrasion, posing a high risk of coastal erosion within Bengkulu Province. This study aims to assess the extent of coastal degradation and support disaster mitigation efforts by investigating the properties and structure of rocks using geophysical methods, specifically the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW). The research focuses on determining shear wave velocity (Vs) to model the rock layers and produce a stratigraphic profile with a minimal misfit value. The obtained Vs30 values, ranging from 146 m/s to 603 m/s, indicate that the coastal region primarily comprises soft soils, which are highly susceptible to deformation, including abrasion. These findings provide essential data for understanding the underlying causes of coastal erosion and contribute to future disaster mitigation strategies.
DIAGENETIC STUDY BASED ON PETROGRAPHY: IMPLICATIONS FOR SANDSTONE POROSITY OF THE PEUNASU FORMATION, PULAU NASI, ACEH Gunarsih, Dina; Sary, Cut Afriyana; Muhni, Akmal; Rahmatillah, Lia Fitria; Sartika, Dewi
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.357

Abstract

Diagenetic studies observe the process of changing sedimentary deposits into sedimentary rocks. This study is critical because it relates to the quality of rock porosity, which can be filled by fluid.  The analysis of the Peunasu Formation is interesting because previous researchers considered that the Tertiary sedimentary rocks in the Northwest Aceh Basin are equivalent to rock units in the petroleum system in the North Sumatra Basin and Mergui Basin. Meanwhile, studies on the Peunasu Formation, a tertiary sedimentary rock, still need to be completed. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the characteristics and diagenetic processes in the sandstone of the Peunasu Formation. The method used is petrographic observation, which identifies the composition of rocks along with textures such as grain size, roundness, sorting, grain contact, and porosity. The results are that the Peunasu Formation sandstone is classified as sublitharenite, lithic greywacke, and litharenite. The diagenetic regime is mesogenesis. In the mesogenesis stage, the sandstone of the Peunasu Formation experiences compaction, cementation, and dissolution. The porosity of the Peunasu Formation sandstone, as determined by the percentage of pores, exhibits a range of 0.5% to 16.8%, categorizing it as ranging from negligible to moderate. Compaction reduces the intergranular porosity, while the dissolution of grains contributes to the formation of secondary porosity.
DESIGN AND BUILD A MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIP COATER TOOL WITH AN AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION SYSTEM Rahman, Nizar Rizki; Sya’roni, Imam; Hartanto, Anton; Prasetyono, Agus Dwi; Subiantoro, Irfan
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.364

Abstract

Dip-coating is essential for coating materials evenly, as imperfections like macropores can impact material properties. This project presents a digitally controlled dip-coating tool that manages withdrawal speed, immersion time, and speed via a microcontroller with an automatic calibration system. Employing a stepper motor and mathematical formula approach, the tool achieves high precision by automatically adjusting dipping parameters, with key metrics including resolution-dependent Vl, calibration speed Vpc and calibration targets tpc, and Sc. The system reaches stable calibration at Vms = Vpc. ensuring rapid, accurate calibration and minimizing errors to 0-2% across 20 to 650 steps. Additionally, the tool’s energy-efficient design consumes less power than other dip-coating systems, providing both durability and accuracy.
PHOTOINACTIVATION OF CANDIDA ALBICANS BIOFILM WITH GREEN LASER MEDIATED BY THE PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT CHLOROPHYLL Abdullah, Rismayani; Astuty, Sri Dewi; Armynah, Bidayatul; Tabaika, Pryandi M; Imelda, Imelda
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.367

Abstract

This study aims to activate the effectiveness of Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) as an antibacterial agent by using a green laser and papaya leaf chlorophyll extract to prevent Candida albicans cell death. Papaya leaf extract chlorophyll is known to have potential as a photosensitizer (PS) through its antimicrobial properties and ability to absorb optimal light photons at a wavelength range of 405–680 nm. Activation of chlorophyll molecules with appropriate light produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are toxic to pathogenic microbes such as Candida albicans. The research method involves using PDI with a green laser light source and chlorophyll extract on Candida albicans biofilms. Four main treatment groups were applied, negative control (C-), positive controls with 10% (C1+) and 15% chlorophyll (C2+), irradiation for 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 seconds (L1–L5), and combinations of irradiation with chlorophyll (L1F1–L5F2, where F1 for 10% chlorophyll and F2 for 15% chlorophyll), with measurements performed three times for each treatment. Living Candida albicans cells were detected using the XTT assay staining method. The results showed a significant decrease in activity in all treatment groups. Maximum activity was achieved in the L5F1 and L5F2 treatment groups with inactivation of 80% (p<0.05) and 83% (p<0.05), respectively. This study concludes that high papaya leaf extract chlorophyll concentrations combined with a green laser effectively inhibit Candida albicans biofilm.
THE APPLICATION OF PLASTIC FIBER OPTIC SENSOR AS BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING Ama, Fadli; Hatta, Agus Muhamad; Indriawati, Katherin; Agustiyanto, Frans R; Usamah, Shofi Afghania; Putra, Alfian Pramudita; Perkasa, Sigit Dani
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.395

Abstract

Continuous blood pressure monitoring is essential for early hypertension prevention and cardiovascular disease diagnosis. Traditional methods are unsuitable for long-term use due to discomfort and limited portability. This study presents a tapered plastic fiber optical sensor (PFOS) as a sustainable, non-invasive solution for continuous monitoring. The PFOS system employs a light modulator based on mechanical waves to detect arterial pressure changes, utilizing an infrared light source (940 nm). The cuffless design includes four configurations: Bend, Bend with 1 Scratch, Bend with 3 Scratches, and Straight with 3 Scratches. The Bend with 1 Scratch configuration demonstrated superior performance, achieving 99.84% accuracy, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.1564, a linearity of 0.9999, and a sensitivity of 2.9997 Hz/dBm. Experimental validation involved testing radial and brachial arteries. Blood pressure estimates from Pulse Transit Time (PTT) were compared to a standard sphygmomanometer. On the radial artery, the Bend with 1 Scratch configuration achieved the best results, with the lowest MAE (1.72 for SBP, 2.39 for DBP) and highest accuracy (98.30% for SBP, 96.56% for DBP). The Straight with 3 Scratches configuration performed best on the brachial artery, with an MAE of 2.81 for SBP and 5.11 for DBP, and accuracies of 97.21% for SBP and 92.67% for DBP. The PFOS system offers a promising option for continuous monitoring in clinical and home settings.  
SIMULATION OF PLACEMENT FOR FOAM INLET INJECTOR POSITION ON FIREFIGHTER JET NOZZLE Hadi Sutrisno, Himawan; Kusumohadi, Catur Setyawan; Yudistira, Nopel Syahdan
Indonesian Physical Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ipr.v8i1.398

Abstract

Water is a widely used and effective fire-extinguishing medium, but its effectiveness diminishes at high temperatures. By disrupting the oxygen chain in the fire triangle, Foam media can enhance suppression performance. This study simulates the impact of foam injector placement on the effectiveness of jet nozzles in fire extinguishers. Simulations were conducted with foam injectors positioned at the nozzle's inlet, middle, and outlet. Results indicate that placing the foam injector at the outlet provides optimal spray velocity, pressure, and extinguishing performance. These findings highlight the importance of injector placement in improving fire suppression efficiency for liquid-based extinguishing systems.

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