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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,328 Documents
 104   105   106   107   108 
Comparison of Blood Gas Analysis on Hemodialysis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases Nenden Senina Rindaha; Sulina Yanti Wibawa; Yuyun Widaningsih; Rachmawati A. Muhiddin
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i1.1753

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is defined as a renal failure that has lasted for more than three months. Hemodialysis is the type of kidney replacement therapy that is mostly used, and blood gas analysis can be used to identify this condition. This study is to compare the blood gas analysis on pre-and post-dialysis in patients with CKD using pH, PaCO , PaO , HCO , SO , 2 2 3 2 and BE as markers of improvement in the patients'condition. The population was all patients diagnosed with CKD and hemodialysis at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, and eligible according to the criteria in this study. The sample size was determined using Federer's calculation, and the statistical analysis using paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test with α=0.05. Subjects were 34 patients, consisting of 18 females (52.9%) and 16 males (47.1%). Hemodialysis had the most significant impact on the PaO and SaO variables. Relation between PaO and SaO was illustrated in a sigmoid curve. 2 2 2 2 Oxygen-bound hemoglobin increased after the first molecule was bound. An almost full PaO pressure will cause a slight 2 increase in SaO. Whereas at <90% saturation, a slight decrease in PaO will cause a large decrease in SaO . PaO and SaO 2 2 2 2 2 determine cardiac efficiency and the markers for assessing the metabolic conditions of the lungs and heart that correlate with oxygen. Chronic kidney disease patients experienced improved conditions after undergoing hemodialysis with increased blood gas values, especially in PaO and SaO.
Correlation between C-Reactive Protein Level and Blood Urea Nitrogen-Creatinine Ratio in COVID-19 Patients Meta Safitri; Lisyani Budipradigda Suromo
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i1.1756

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an inflammation marker that increases significantly in COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2 can affect kidney function and increase the Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)-creatinine ratio. The previous study showed that CRP and BUN-creatinine ratios could be used as predictors of the severity and survival of COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to determine the correlation between CRP levels and the BUN-creatinine ratio in COVID-19 patients. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 34 COVID-19 patients who were diagnosed by PCR test at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang from March to September 2020. The Spearman correlation test was used for statistical analysis. The median CRP value was 4.59 (0.36-27.48) mg/L and BUN-creatinine ratio was 15.06 (5.79-37.04), while the correlation between CRP and BUN-creatinine ratio showed p=0.003 and r=0.502. There was a moderate positive correlation between CRP level and BUN-creatinine ratio. C-reactive protein plays a role in the infiltration process of inflammatory cells and increases adhesionmolecules, which can directly or indirectly damage kidney function. SARS-CoV-2 can enter the kidney directly through the ACE-2 receptor and activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which will increase water and sodium absorption in the renal tubules, passive reabsorption of BUN, and creatinine filtration in the glomerulus resulting in increased BUN-creatinine ratio.
Author Guideline and Subcribes Form Dian Wahyu Utami
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1758

Abstract

Gene Expression of SOX2, OCT4, and Nanog by Small Molecule Compound VC6TFZ on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Rizka Amalia; Budi Susetyo Pikir; Andrianto Andrianto
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1759

Abstract

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells are a potential source of cells to be induced into pluripotent stem cells because the collection procedure is easy, minimally invasive, and can be stored in a frozen form. Small molecule compound VC6TFZ consisting of valproic acid (VPA), CHIR990210 (CHIR), 616452, Tranylcypromine, Farsokline, 3-deazaneplanocin (DZnep) and TTNPB has been shown to induce pluripotency in mouse fibroblasts, but this has not been proven in peripheral blood cells. This chemical reprogramming strategy has the potential to be used in producing the desired functional cell types for clinical applications. This study aims to determine whether the small molecule compound VC6TFZ can induce pluripotency of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to become induced pluripotent stem cells. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral venous blood by density gradient centrifugation method. The cells are grouped into 4 groups. Group 1 was the control group, which was not exposed to the small molecule. Groups 2-4 were experimental groups exposed to different doses of the small molecule VC6TFZ. Identification of induced pluripotent stem cells was carried out by identifying colony morphology and pluripotent gene expression of Octamer-binding transcription factor-4 (OCT4), Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and Nanog using Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Colonies with a round shape, large, cobble stone like, and clear boundaries resembling pluripotent stem cell colonies appeared on the 9th day of the induction process. OCT4 and Nanog gene expression were significantly increased in the treatment group compared to the control.
Correlation between NLR and Ferritin in COVID-19 Patients in ICU Dr. Kariadi Hospital Monica Monica; Herniah Asti Wulanjani
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1760

Abstract

COVID-19 infection is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diabetes mellitus and heart disease comorbid have high morbidity and mortality. Increased neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and ferritin assist early screening of disease severity, especially in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Proving relationship between NLR and ferritin in COVID-19 patients in the ICU. The study was an analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach from July-October 2020 at the Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Medical Records Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang. Pearson correlation method significance p<0.05, r 0.3<r<0.5, because normal normality. NLR and Ferritin mean value was 13.91  and 1675  with positive relationship correlation analysis (p=0.012,r=0.437),there was a correlation between NLR and ferritin in COVID-19 patients in the ICU. Increased NLR of COVID-19 patients due to infiltration of the innate and adaptive immune system in infected tissue,causes decreased circulating lymphocytes and disturbed proliferation caused by increased ferritin as an acute phase reactant protein. The study by Pastora JG,et al,2020,that serum ferritin concentrations were higher in non-survivor. In accordance with this, this increases NLR and ferritin in COVID-19 in the ICU. There is a moderate positive correlation between NLR and ferritin in COVID-19 patients at the ICU, Dr. Kariadi Hospital.
Correlation between Derived Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and D-Dimer in COVID-19 Patients Natra Dias Surohadi; Ria Triwardhani
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1761

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several studies suggest that the Derived Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (d-NLR) and d-dimer are markers of inflammation in various diseases and can be used to monitor prognosis and mortality. This study was conducted to find the correlation between Derived Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (d-NLR) and d-dimer in COVID-19 patients. This is expected to be markers of inflammation and a predictor for patients which has clinical deterioration so that the risk of death can be avoided. This study used a retrospective observational method with a cross sectional approach at Dr. Kariadi Semarang, using secondary data involving confirmed COVID-19 respondents during the period March - August 2020. The Spearman test was conducted to analyze data, significant if p <0.05. Thirty three respondents confirmed COVID 19 with median value of  d-NLR 6,14 (3,55-15,67) and median value of d-dimer 7110 (2460-21770) mg/L were tested for correlation by the Spearman correlation test with value of p= 0,046; and r= 0,350. In COVID-19, there is an increase in d-NLR and d-dimer levels which are known as markers of a systemic inflammatory response. The increase in levels is related to the severity of the COVID-19 disease. There was a highly significant positive correlation between d-NLR and d-dimer in COVID-19 patients
Abnormal Complex Karyotyping in A Patient Suspected of Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML-M5): A Case Study Purbosari Purbosari; Usi Sukorini; Rahmat Dani Satria; Tri Ratnaningsih; Setyawati Setyawati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1762

Abstract

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a condition of immune dysregulation characterized by severe organ damage induced by a hyperinflammatory response and uncontrolled T-cell and macrophage activation. Patients with Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML) may be prone to develop HLH. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome in AMLpatients with an abnormal complex karyotyping can worsen the patients' prognosis and outcome. A 47-year-old-female presented with prolonged fever, chills, fatigue, weight loss, productive cough, and anemia (blood transfusion (+)). Laboratory findings: hemoglobin 8.5 g/dL, WBC 151.99x103/μL, and platelet count 28x103/μL, peripheral blood 13% blast like cells, 19% promonocytes, 43% atypical (bizarre) monocytes, 25% neutrophils. Levels of CRP>150 mg/L and procalcitonin 82.67 ng/mL, negative HBsAg, and positive IGRA test. Bone marrow morphology showed hypercellularity, decreased thrombopoiesis and erythropoiesis, increased granulopoiesis, macrophages, and hemophagocytosis. Karyotyping results: abnormal karyotypes: 46: XX (9 cells), 44: X (-18), 45: XX (-4), 45: XX (+7, -2, -16), 46: XX (chtb (3), chtb (4), chtb (5), chtb (9), chtb (12), chtb (22)), 46: XX (chtb (5), chtb (7)), 46: XX (chtb (6), chtb (12)), 46: XX (dic 2), 46: XX (chtb (1) (q12), chtb (3) (p21)), 46: XX (chtb (X) (q25) ), 46: XX (der (9), dic (9)), t (9:22)), 46: XX ((+ 21), (-13) chtb (2), p (23), t ( 9:22)). The conclusion was abnormal complex karyotyping. High concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, interleukin-6, TNF-alpha, and interferon-gamma) secreted by malignant cells and increased phagocytic function of leukemic cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of HLH. Monocytic components (subtypes AML4 and AML5 of the FAB classification) are predisposing factors in cases of AML-related HLH. Cytogenetic abnormalities involving 8p11 and 16p13 are more common in AML-related HLH. Complex genetic abnormalities exacerbate the prognosis of AML, especially in treatment failure. A concluded that was diagnosed with HLH due to AML-M5 with genetic abnormalities of BCR ABL (+), monosomy, trisomy, and multiple chromatid breakage with high mortality. Karyotyping examination is important to determine the prognosis of the disease.
The Relationship between Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Indices with Disease Severity Level of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Purbosari Purbosari; Umi Solekhah Intansari
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1763

Abstract

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an episodic, chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by remission and flare phases. Laboratory parameters required to assess the severity of disease activity in SLE include platelet count and platelet indices. Several studies regarding the Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and platelet indices on the severity of SLE patients remain inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between PLR value and platelet index with the degree of disease severity in SLE patients. This study used a retrospective analytic observational design in SLE patients from January 2016 to December 2019 at Dr. Sardjito Central Hospital. Disease severity was assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score. Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) values and platelet indices were measured with a hematology analyzer. The data were analyzed using correlation, bivariate, multiple regression tests, and the ROC curve to determine the PLR cut-off. There were 55 SLE patients with high activity (SLEDAI 11-19; n=30(54,54%)) and very high activity (SLEDAI 20; n=25(45.45%)). There was a significant correlation (p <0.05) between the PLR value, platelet count, plateletcrit, and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) with SLEDAI scores (p <0.05), but only the MPV variable was significant as an independent variable (p=0.0357). In the ROC curve, a cut-off PLR value of 124 was obtained with a sensitivity of 68.0%, specificity of 66.7%, likelihood ratio=2.04 (AUC=0.659 with p-value=0.035) to detect very high disease activity. Based on the PLR value, platelet count and plateletcrit negatively correlated with SLEDAI score but were related to the very high degree of thrombocytopenia in disease activity. The MPV value reflected the high platelet turnover, which had a positive correlation with the SLEDAI score. Patients with a PLR value ≤124 were 2.04 times more likely to have a SLEDAI score of 20, indicating potential use as a predictor of disease activity. The PLR value and platelet indices were significantly related to the degree of SLE activity.
Analysis of Platelet Indices and Proteinuria in Primary Hypertensive Patients Deny Suryana; Yuyun Widaningsih; Fitriani Mangarengi; Darwati Muhadi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1772

Abstract

Hypertension is a silent killer that causes premature death, an estimated 9.4 million people die each year due to hypertension and its complications. Primary hypertension promotes endothelial damage-causing platelet release reaction. Without treatment, it may cause renal damage, which leads to proteinuria. This study aimed to analyze the relationship of the platelet indices (PLT, PDW, PCT, MPV) in predicting proteinuria among patients with primary hypertension based on its stage. A retrospective study using medical records of patients diagnosed with primary hypertension by clinicians at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from January-December 2019. Complete Blood Count (CBC) using the flow cytometry and routine urine test with urine analyzer were performed. The statistical test used in this study were the independent T-test, Chi-Square test, and oneway ANOVA test. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) were used to determine the cut-off. The sample consisted of 78 patients. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) was significantly higher in proteinuria patients and stage two hypertension with p<0.001. There was a significant relationship between stage two hypertension and proteinuria with p=0.018. ROC analysis showed MPV Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.774 with p<0.001, which indicated that MPV can be used as a predictor of proteinuria with a cut-off point of 8.55. MPV increases on the platelet indices, proteinuria with stage 2 hypertension are caused by damage to glomerular endothelium, which leads to platelet activation characterized by degranulation, swelling, and increases in platelet mass and volume. There was a relationship between an increase of MPV and proteinuria in patients with stage 2 hypertension.
Validity ICT and CLIA of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Fili Oei; Asvin Nurulita; Darwati Muhadi; Mansyur Arif
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1773

Abstract

The varying validity of antibody test requires a good diagnostic accuracy analysis in determining the right tome to perform antibody testing in patients. This study is to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of SARS-CoV2 antibody test based on the testing time. This stugy is a cross sectional retrospective diagnostic test study include 960 subject divided into 3 groups based on the testing time using 2 antibody test methods are ICT and CLIA. The sensitivity and specificity of ICT method was 45.8% and 59.7%, while the CLIA method was 81.6% and 74.4%. Based on timing of antibody test after symptom onset, the highest sensitivity was obtained at >15 days of symptom onset (84.4% and 78.7%). Low sensitivity can be caused due to the absence or low antibodies in the first week to second weeks of infection. Sample collection is done 2-4 weeks after symptom onset. The SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies have high sensitivity and specificity at onset >15 days (84.4% and 78.7%).

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