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Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang
ISSN : 20859600     EISSN : 24433985     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32502/jk.v14i1
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal ini fokus pada kajian hasil-hasil penelitian bidang pertanian khususnya agroteknologi, budidaya pertanian.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 183 Documents
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PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava. L) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK DAN KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM DI POLYBAG Moelyohadi, Yopie
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 1 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i1.4034

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mempelajari dan mendapatkan jenis pupuk organik dan komposisi media tanam yang dapat memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan bibit tanaman jambu biji (Psidium guajava L.)  di polybag. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di kebun pembibitan tanaman buah buahan  milik petani penagkar tanaman buah buahan yang terletak di desa Saka Tiga kecamatan Indralaya Utara Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Sumatera Selatan, Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dilaksanakan pada  bulan Januari  sampai Mei 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split-plot Design) dengan 12 kombinasi perlakuan, dengan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali, serta 4 tanaman contoh. Adapun faktor perlakuanya adalah sebagai berikut : Petak utama adalah  jenis pupuk organik (K)  : K1= Kompos kotoran ayam , K2 = Kompos kotoran sapi, K3 =  Kompos tangkos dan K4  =  Kompos ampas tebu  dan adapun perlakuan anak petak : adalah   Komposisi media tanam   (M) : yang terdiri atas : M1 = 1 bagian tanah top soil : 1 bagian kompos  kotoran ayam , M2 = 2 bagian tanah top soil :1 bagian kompos  kotoran ayam , M3 = 3 bagian tanah top soil : 1 bagian kompos  kotoran ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemberian jenis kompos kotoran ayam  dan komposisi media tanam berngaruh  sangat nyata terhadap semua peubah yang diamati. Akan tetapi untuk interaksi antar perlakuan hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap peubah pengamatan pertambahan tinggi tanaman dan pertambahan jumlah cabang primer/tanaman.Sedangkan untuk peubah pengamatan pertambahan lilit batang, jumlah akar primer dan panjang akar primer/tanaman tidak berpengaruh nyata. dari hasil uiji BNJ menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pemberian kompos kotoran ayam dan penerapan komposisi media tanam:  2 bagian tanah top soil : 1 bagian kompos  kotoran ayam memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertambahan  tinggi dan jumlah cabang akar/tanaman  serta secara tabulasi kombinasi perlakuan ini  memberikan hasil tertinggi terhadap pertambahan lilit batang, jumlah akar dan pertambahan panjang akar/tanaman bibit tanaman jambu biji di polybag.
UJI PUPUK ORGANIK KOTORAN AYAM PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG HIBRIDA (Zea mays L.) DI LAHAN PASANG SURUT Marlina, Marlina; Amir, Nurbaiti; Syafrullah, Syafrullah; Siswono, Hengki
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 1 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i1.4042

Abstract

Tidal land has potential in the development of hybrid maize, but the obstacle in tidal land is low soil fertility, therefore increasing the production of hybrid maize by applying organic chicken manure. It is hoped that organic chicken manure can improve land quality and increase hybrid corn production. The purpose of this study was to obtain the right dose of chicken manure organic fertilizer in increasing the production of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) in tidal land. This research was conducted on tidal land type C overflow in Purwosari Village, Kec. Tanjung Lago, Kab. Banyuasin, Prov. South Sumatra, which was implemented from June – September 2019. The design used was a non-factorial RAK (Randomized Block Design) with four treatments which were repeated six times, namely the application of chicken manure organic fertilizer 0, 5, 10, and 15 tons/ha. The best hybrid corn production was found in the provision of 15 tons/ha, which was 4.43 kg/plot with a percentage increase of 25.85%. Lahan pasang surut berpotensi dalam pengembangan jagung hibrida, namun kendala di lahan pasang surut adalah kesuburan tanah yang rendah, oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung hibrida dengan pemberian pupuk organik kotoran ayam.  Diharapkan pupuk organik kotoran ayam dapat memperbaiki kualitas lahan dan meningkatkan produksi jagung hibrida. Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk mendapatkan dosis pupuk organik kotoran ayam yang tepat dalam meningkatkan produksi jagung hibrida (Zea mays L.) di lahan pasang surut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan pasang surut tipe luapan C di Desa Purwosari, Kec. Tanjung Lago, Kab. Banyuasin, Prov. Sumatera Selatan, yang telah dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni  –   September 2019.  Rancangan yang digunakan RAK (Rancangan Acak Kelompok) non Faktorial dengan empat perlakuan yang diulang enam kali, yaitu pemberian pupuk organik kotoran ayam 0, 5, 10 dan 15 ton/ha.  Produksi jagung hibrida terbaik terdapat pada pemberian 15 ton/ha yaitu sebesar 4,43 kg/petak dengan persentase peningkatan 25,85 %.
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM DAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merill) Kalasari, Rastuti; Aminah, R. Iin Siti; Palmasari, Berliana; Aprike, Yongki
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i2.4104

Abstract

Effect of planting distance and concentration of liquid organic fertilizer on growth and production of soybean (Glycine max L. Merill).   This study aims to determine and obtain the best spacing with liquid organic fertilizer concentration on the growth and production of soybean (Glycine max L. Merill). This research has been carried out on the land of Tanjung Raja village, North Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra Province. This research was conducted from May to August 2019. This study used a split-plot design field experiment. With 12 treatment combinations and repeated 3 times. The treatment factors are as follows: Plant Planting Distance (J) consists of: J1: 20 cm x 20 cm, J2: 40 cm x 20 cm, J3: 60 cm x 20 cm, The dose of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (O) consists of: O0 : Control (without poc), O1 : 20 ml/liter, O2 : 30 ml/liter, O3: 40 ml/liter. The variables observed in this study were plant height (cm), number of primary branches (stalk), number of pods planted, number of cipo pods (empty), yield per clump (g), weight of 100 seeds (g). Based on the results of the study, it was stated that the treatment with a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm with a concentration of liquid organic fertilizer 40 ml/liter of water gave the highest yield of 49.13 plants or 9.83 tons/ha.
RESPON TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN JENIS MULSA DAN JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK LIMBAH TERNAK Rahma, Meci Yuniastuti; Syafrullah, Syafrullah; Hawayanti, Erni; Mitori, Syaifullah
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i2.4109

Abstract

This study aims to determine the type of mulch and the type of organic fertilizer from livestock waste that have the best effect on the growth and production of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L). This study used an experimental method with a split plot design consisting of 9 combinations which were repeated 3 times so that 27 plots and 5 sample plants were obtained. The treatment in question is as follows: Factor I = Mulch Type (M) consisting of 3 replications: M0 = No Mulch, M1 = Jengkol Bark Mulch, M2 = Rice Husk Organic Mulch. Factor II = Types of Livestock Waste (K) consisting of 3 replications: K0 = without livestock waste fertilizer, K1 = Chicken Manure Organic Fertilizer, K2 = Chicken Manure Organic Fertilizer. The variables observed in this study were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), number of tubers per clump (tuber), tuber weight per clump (grams), tuber weight per plot (grams). The combination treatment between rice husk organic mulch and organic fertilizer from chicken manure gave the highest effect on the growth and production of shallots at 1.09 kg/plot or equivalent to 10.90 tons/ha.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) PADA PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG KOTORAN SAPI DAN PUPUK FOSFAT Hawayanti, Erni; Palmasari, Berliana; Ardiansyah, Firli
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 15, No 2 (2020): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v15i2.3860

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menentukan dosis terbaik pemberian pupuk kandang kotoran sapi dan pupuk fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.). Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Desa Tanjung Tambak, Kecamatan Tanjung Batu, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Sumatera Selatan, Penelitian ini di laksanakan dari bulan September sampai Desember 2019.Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan diulang 3 kali. Adapun faktor perlakuannya yaitu Faktor I : Pupuk Kandang Kotoran Sapi (S) terdiri dari S1 = 5 ton/ha, S2 = 10 ton/ha, S3 = 15 ton/ha dan S4= 20 ton/ha. Faktor II : Pupuk Fosfat (F) terdiri dari F1 = 150 kg/ha ; F2 = 350 kg/ha dan F3 = 450 kg/ha. Peubah yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), panjang tongkil (cm), diameter tongkol (cm), berat tongkol per tanaman (g), berat tongkol per petak (kg) dan berat berangkasan kering (g). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk kandang kotoran ayam berpengaruh nyata sampai sangat nyata terhadap peubah yang diamati sedangkan perlakuan pupuk fosfat dan interaksi keduanya berpengaruh tidak nyata. Kesimpulan yang diambil dari penelitian ini secara tabulasi kombinasi antara pupuk kandang kotoran sapi 15 ton/ha dengan pupuk fosfat 150 kg/ha memberikan hasil tertinggi terhadap produksi tanaman jagung manis sebesar 5,07 kg/petak setara dengan 66,66 ton/ha.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) MAIN NURSERY TERHADAP PENAMBAHAN DOSIS PUPUK HAYATI CAIR DI POLYBAG Aryani, Ida; Aminah, R. Iin Siti; Priangan, Deri Bakti
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 15, No 2 (2020): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v15i2.3865

Abstract

Growth Response Seed Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis jacq) Main Nursery Against Biological Fertilizer Addition of Liquid Dosage in polybag. This study aims to identify and study the growth response of seedlings of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Main Nursery on the addition of liquid bio-fertilizer in polybag. This research was conducted at the experimental Agro Technology Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palembang and University of  Muhammadiyah Palembang in farmer's garden, Sukajaya Village, Sukarame District, Palembang City. Beginning in May to September 2019. This study used non factorial randomized block design with 5 treatments were repeated four times. The treatment is as follows: B0: Without Bio P, B1: 1cc / l of water, B2: 1,5cc / l of water, B3: 2cc / l of water, B4: 2,5cc / l of water, B5: 3cc / l of water. The parameters observed in this study is Added Plant height (cm), Added Total sheaths Leaves (strands), Added length sheaths leaves (cm), Total Roots Primer (strands), Long Roots Primer (cm), Weight Dry Plants (g) , The results showed that treatment Bio fertilizer P with a dose of 2.5 cc / l of water give good growth in plant height increment, the length of the leaf and stem of the plant dry weight, compared with other treatments. Keywords: Palm Oil Seeds, Liquid Biological Fertilizer.
APLIKASI KAPUR PERTANIAN (CaMg(CO3)2) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BEBERAPA VARIETAS TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) Gusmiatun, Gusmiatun; Palmasari, Berliana; Ardila, Siska
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 1 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i1.4044

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk menentukan takaran kapur dan jenis varietas yang berpengaruh terbaik terhadap hasil tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Kampus C Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang di Desa Pulau Semambu, Kecamatan Indralaya Utara, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Sumatra Selatan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2019. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan 2 faktor perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor Perlakuan meliputi takaran kapur pertanian (K) yang terdiri dari K0 = tanpa takaran kapur, K1 = 5 ton/ha (38 g/polybag), K2 = 10 ton/ha (76 g/polybag),        K3 =15 ton/ha (114 g/polybag) dan jenis varietas (V) meliputi V1 = Bima Brebes, V2 = Manjung, V3 = Pancasona. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini umur panen (hst), jumlah umbi per rumpun (siung) dan berat umbi segar per rumpun (g). Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini yaitu secara tabulasi pemberian Kapur pertanian (CaMg(CO3)2) 5 ton/ha dan varietas manjung memberikan hasil bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) yang tertinggi.This study aims to determine the lime dose and the type of variety that has the best effect on the yield of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.). This research was carried out in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Campus C, Muhammadiyah University, Palembang, in Pulau Semambu Village, North Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra. This research was conducted from July to October 2019. The research method used a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAKF) with 2 treatment factors and 3 replications. Treatment factors include agricultural lime (K) which consists of K0 = no lime, K1 = 5 ton/ha (38 g/polybag), K2 = 10 ton/ha (76 g/polybag), K3 = 15 ton/ha (114 g/polybag) and varieties (V) include V1 = Bima Brebes, V2 = Manjung, V3 = Pancasona. The variables observed in this study were harvesting age (HST), number of tubers per clump (cloves) and weight of fresh tubers per clump (g). The results obtained in this study were tabulated giving agricultural lime (CaMg(CO3)2) 5 ton/ha and the Manjung variety gave the highest yield of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.). 
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BEBERAPA VARIETAS TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) TERHADAP TAKARAN PUPUK KOTORAN AYAM Junainah, Junainah; Rosmiah, Rosmiah; Hawayanti, Erni
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 1 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i1.4043

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendapatkan takaran pupuk kotoran ayam yang terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa varietas tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di lahan kebun percobaan kampus C Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, di Desa Pulau Semambu, Kecamatan. Indralaya Utara, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Sumatera Selatan. Waktu penelitian dari bulan Mei sampai Juli 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode experimen dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial (RAKF)  dengan 9 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga di dapatkan 27 petak. Adapun perlakuannya sebagai berikut : Pupuk Kotoran Ayam (A) yaitu A1 = 10 ton/ha, A2 = 20 ton/ha, A3 = 30 ton/ha. Varietas Bawang merah (V) yaitu V1= Bima Brebes, V2= Manjung dan V3= Pancasona. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah Tinggi Tanaman (cm), Jumlah anakan, Berat umbi per perumpun (g). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kombinasi perlakuan pupuk kotoran ayam takaran 20 ton/ha dan varietas manjung memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah. This study aims to determine and obtain the best dose of chicken manure on the growth and production of several varieties of shallots. This research has been carried out in the experimental garden of Campus C, University of Muhammadiyah Palembang, in Pulau Semambu Village, District. North Indralaya, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra. The time of the study was from May to July 2019. This study used an experimental method with a factorial randomized block design (RAKF) with 9 treatment combinations and 3 replications so that 27 plots were obtained. The treatment is as follows: Chicken Manure (A) namely A1 = 10 tons/ha, A2 = 20 tons/ha, A3 = 30 tons/ha. Shallot varieties (V) are V1 = Bima Brebes, V2 = Manjung and V3 = Pancasona. The variables observed in this study were plant height (cm), number of tillers, tuber weight per cluster (g). The results showed that the combination treatment of chicken manure at a dose of 20 tons/ha and the Manjung variety gave the best effect on the growth and production of shallots.
PENGARUH TAKARAN PUPUK ORGANIK KOTORAN AYAM DAN PUPUK NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG HIBRIDA (Zea mays L.) Asmawati, Asmawati; Palmasari, Berliana; Handoko, Lilik Dwi
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i2.4105

Abstract

This study aims to determine and obtain the best dose of organic fertilizer for chicken manure and NPK fertilizer for the growth of hybrid corn (Zea mays L.) plants. This research has been carried out in Purwosari Village, Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, Banyuasin Regency. This research activity took place from May to August 2018. This study used factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 12 combinations, 3 replications, and 5 sample plants. The treatment is as follows: Organic Fertilizer Chicken Manure (O), O0 = 0 ton / ha, O1 = 5 tons / ha, O2 = 10 tons / ha, O3 = 15 tons / ha, NPK Fertilizer (A), A1 = 200 kg / ha, A2 = 300 kg / ha, A3 = 400 kg / ha. The variables observed in this study were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), leaf width (cm), root length (cm), plant dry weight (g). Based on the results of the analysis showed that the dose of organic fertilizer chicken manure had no significant effect on all the variables observed, the dose of NPK fertilizer had a very real effect on the leaf area variable, but had no significant effect on other variables. The conclusions that can be drawn from this study, the dose of organic manure of chicken manure 10 tons / ha and the dose of NPK fertilizer 300 kg / ha is the highest treatment for the growth of hybrid corn plants (Zea mays L.).
EFEKTIVITAS ASAP CAIR SEBAGAI PESTISIDA ORGANIK DALAM MENGENDALIKAN HAMA KUTU DAUN (Myzus persicae) PADA TANAMAN CABAI Sumini, Sumini; Bahri, Samsul
Klorofil: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Klorofil
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jk.v16i2.4110

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keefektifan asap cair sebagai pestisida organik dalam mengendalikan hama kutu daun (Myzus persicae) pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret – Juni 2018. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan 4 kali ulangan. Dimana P1 = 0 hari sekali (tanpa aplikasi), P2 = Aplikasi asap cair 2 hari sekali, P3 = Aplikasi asap cair 4 hari sekali, P4 = Aplikasi asap cair 6 hari sekali, dan P5 = Aplikasi asap cair 8 hari sekali. Aplikasi asap cair dilakukan sesuai perlakuan dengan menggunakan handsprayer dengan konsentrasi 2%. Aplikasi asap cair dilakukan pada sore hari yaitu pukul 17.00 WIB. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa populasi hama kutu daun tertinggi pada perlakuan  0 hari sekali / tanpa aplikasi asap cair (P1) yaitu 8,67 ekor dan populasi terendah pada perlakuam aplikasi asap cair setiap 2 hari sekali (P2) yaitu 5,02 ekor, begitu juga pada tingkat serangannya yaitu tertinggi pada perlakuan P1 dan terendah pada perlakuan P2. Asap cair yang diaplikasikan dengan interval 2 hari sekali mampu menekan populasi dan serangan hama kutu daun pada tanaman cabai. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of liquid smoke as an organic pesticide in controlling aphids (Myzus persicae) on chili plants. This research was conducted in March – June 2018.  The study used the experimental method with 4 replications. Where P1 = 0 days (without application), P2 = liquid smoke application every 2 days, P3 = liquid smoke application every 4 days, P4 = liquid smoke application every 6 days, and P5 = liquid smoke application every 8 days. The application of liquid smoke was carried out according to the treatment using a handsprayer with a concentration of 2%. The application of liquid smoke is carried out in the afternoon at 17.00 WIB. The results showed that the highest population of aphids was in the treatment once every 0 days / without the application of liquid smoke (P1) which was 8.67 individuals and the lowest population was in the treatment of application of liquid smoke every 2 days (P2) which was 5.02 individuals, as well as at the attack level, which was the highest in treatment P1 and the lowest in treatment P2. Liquid smoke that is applied at intervals of 2 days is able to suppress the population and attack of aphids on chili plants.

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