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Specta Journal of Technology
Published by Institut Teknologi Kalimantan
ISSN : 25492713     EISSN : 26229099     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0610/specta.v2i3
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Environmental Science
SPECTA journal is published by Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, Balikpapann Indonesia. SPECTA is an open-access peer reviewed journal that mediates the dissemination of academicians, researchers, and practitioners in the field of Physics, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Materials and Metallurgy, Civil Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Naval Engineering, Urban Planning, Informatics, Information System, Environmental Engineering, and Ocean Engineering. SPECTA accepts submission from all over the world, especially from Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 335 Documents
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Analisis Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Pada Pengelolaan Sampah di Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Menggunakan Metodologi Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Analisis Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Pada Pengelolaan Sampah di Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Bunga', Samuel; Rahendaputri, Chandra Suryani; Yorika, Rahmi; Rini, Intan Dwi Wahyu Setyo; Maulana, Melisa Triandini
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.8481427

Abstract

Institut Teknologi Kalimantan uses a solid waste disposal system for waste management. Waste is being delivered straight to the dump (TPA) without any kind of processing or recycling. The goal of this research is to analyze greenhouse gas emissions generated from the current waste management practices at Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, as well as to evaluate emissions under Three alternative scenarios. The research method complies with IPCC 2019. Scenario 1 integrated landfilling with organic waste composting and a high recycling rate (RF: 80%). Scenario 2 involved waste incineration, organic waste composting, and a moderate recycling rate (RF: 50%). Finally, Scenario 3 focused on waste incineration combined with organic waste composting. The research findings indicate that paper waste is the largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in Scenario 0, accounting for 52% of the total emissions produced. Among the three scenarios analyzed, Scenario 3 generated the highest overall greenhouse gas emissions. In this scenario, waste incineration emerged as the predominant source, contributing 93% of the total emissions in Scenario 3. The types of waste contributing to greenhouse gas emissions in solid waste disposal under Scenario 0 are organic waste (food scraps), paper waste, and wood waste. Among these, paper waste produces the highest greenhouse gas emissions due to its high Degradable Organic Carbon (DOC) content. Based on the three scenarios, and assuming without considering economic aspects or control measures, waste incineration was found to produce the highest emissions compared to landfill disposal and composting.
Optimasi Rute Distribusi pada Heterogeneous Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (HCVRP) Menggunakan Algoritma Evolutionary (Studi Kasus: CV. XYZ) Willis, Tito Bisma May; Pasaribu, Melly Rosinta; Sandra, Al Dian Devina; Miftah, Tarizza Alya Nurul
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.8481430

Abstract

CV. XYZ is a company engaged in the field of goods delivery services that must distribute to various customer points every day. With the number of vehicles and delivery routes that continue to grow, the company faces challenges in managing efficient routes. If delivery is carried out without optimal route planning, there can be wasted mileage, increased fuel costs, and delays in delivery that can reduce customer satisfaction. This study tries to provide a solution with a combination approach between the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) and Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem (HVRP) methods using the Evolutionary Algorithm feature in Microsoft Excel. The main problem to be answered in this study is how to determine the most optimal route and how much distance savings are obtained from the optimization results. The steps in the study start from initial observation, collecting customer and vehicle data, creating a route model, processing data with Excel, to analyzing the results. From the optimization results, the total initial mileage before optimization was 318.7 km, which was then successfully reduced to 300.44 km after processing with Solver, resulting in a difference savings of 18.26 km. These findings indicate that a mathematical method approach in delivery route planning can have a significant impact on the company's distribution efficiency and operational costs.
Inovasi Pengolahan Limbah Baglog Jamur Tiram Menjadi Kompos Dengan Mol Nasi Basi Sebagai Bioaktivator Febrianti, Nia; Basransyah; Safitri, Nuri Dwi
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.8481444

Abstract

Oyster Mushroom Cultivation at KM 15, Balikpapan City produces up to 4,000 kg of baglog waste within a 3-month period. The baglog waste, which serves as the growing medium for oyster mushrooms, is merely stacked and discarded into the surrounding forest without proper treatment. Accumulation of baglog waste can cause environmental pollution as it becomes a breeding ground for wild fungi. Composting offers a potential solution for managing baglog waste. The composting process requires the addition of an activator to accelerate decomposition, such as fermented rice-based Local Microorganisms (MOL), which contain Lactobacillus sp. and Saccharomyces sp. Rice-based MOL is rich in carbohydrates, which serve as nutrients for microorganisms. This study aims to analyze the quality of compost produced from oyster mushroom baglog waste using rice-based MOL as a bioactivator, as well as to determine the effect and optimal volume of MOL on compost quality. The composting process was carried out using the aerobic Takakura method at a laboratory scale over a 30-day period. The variations of rice-based MOL used were 0 mL, 100 mL, and 250 mL. The quality of the resulting compost was compared against the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 19-7030-2004. The results of the study showed that the control treatment, as well as the addition of 100 mL and 250 mL of MOL, met the compost quality standards for temperature, pH, odor, color, texture, moisture content, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, and C/N ratio. However, the potassium parameter did not meet the standard. Based on the graph, the addition of rice-based MOL indicates a positive effect on compost quality improvement. The optimum MOL volume for all parameters was 250 mL, although the potassium parameter still did not meet the SNI 19-7030-2004.
Aplikasi Campuran Ekstrak Kulit Nanas dan Biji Pepaya sebagai Biokoagulan untuk Penurunan Fe, Mn, dan Kekeruhan pada Air Asam Tambang dengan Metode Jar Test Ismi Khairunnissa Ariani; Rina Noor Hayati; Riza Hudayarizka; Cut Keumala Banaget; Krisma Nabilla
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.8481486

Abstract

Acid mine drainage can pollute the environment if not treated properly. Acid mine drainage can be treated using the coagulation-flocculation jar test method with pineapple peel and papaya seed biocoagulants to reduce the contaminants contained therein. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of acid mine drainage, analyze the effect of biocoagulant dosage and analyze the variation of slow stirring time in reducing Fe, Mn, Turbidity parameters in Acid Mine Drainage. The research variables used were biocoagulant dosage of 0.5 - 2.5 gr/500 mL and slow mixing time of 10 - 30 minutes. Based on the characteristic test, acid mine drainage has content that exceeds the quality standard. The optimum biocoagulant dose was 0.5 gr/500 mL with Fe parameter removal efficiency of 66.56% with a concentration of 18.3 mg/L, Mn of 8.71% with a concentration of 12.78 mg/L, and Turbidity of 78.87% with a concentration of 5.33 NTU. The optimum stirring time is 10 minutes with Fe removal efficiency of 61.71%, Mn of 71.18%, and Turbidity of 63.12%.
Optimalisasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Laundry Menggunakan Media Zeolit dan Karbon Aktif dalam Filter Kombinasi Dua Tabung Kompak: Optimalisasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Laundry menggunakan Media Zeolit dan Karbon Aktif dalam Filter Kombinasi Dua Tabung Kompak Muhammad Bagas Grahandikha, Muhammad Bagas; Pradiko, Hary; Rochaeni, Anni
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.8481751

Abstract

Laundry wastewater is a source of environmental pollution that requires attention because it contains various compounds such as surfactants, suspended solids, and organic compounds that have the potential to damage the quality of groundwater and surface water. This study aims to optimize laundry wastewater treatment in a compact two-tube combination filter containing zeolite and activated carbon media. The filter treats artificial laundry wastewater made with three concentration variations. The variations tested were the flow rate and wastewater concentration. The results showed that the best removal efficiency occurred when the zeolite media was positioned in the inner tube with a downward flow direction, then flowed to the activated carbon media in the outer tube with a downward flow direction as well. The best removal efficiency was achieved at a medium flow rate (0.06 L/s and an initial concentration of COD of 143 mg/L, surfactant of 27.5 mg/L, and TSS of 117 mg/L) with a COD removal efficiency of 67%, surfactant of 64%, and TSS of 91%. Several parameters have met the quality standards stipulated in Yogyakarta Special Region Regulation No. 7 of 2016 concerning Wastewater Quality Standards. Therefore, a combination filter with two compact tubes using zeolite and activated carbon media could be a solution to improve environmental quality..
Sistem Monitoring Air Conditioner (AC) Pada Ruang Kelas Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT): Sistem Monitoring Air Conditioner (AC) Pada Ruang Kelas Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Utami, Amalia Rizqi; Hasanah, Barokatun; Firsen, Muhammad Iqbal Sep; Fikri, Ryan
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v10i1.1018

Abstract

This research discusses the implementation of a monitoring system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor air conditioning usage in the form of a website. This system is designed to collect data about air conditioner usage in real time and monitor the on/off conditions of the air conditioner. Several components are used such as the DHT11 module as a temperature sensor which functions to read room temperature, the PZEM- 004t module which functions to read voltage, current and power which operates on AC when it is off or on, the Arduino UNO microcontroller to process input/output data, ESP8266 for connecting to a wi-fi network. In addition, software is used to support the research process such as Arduino to program the Arduino UNO microcontroller, XAMPP to create a database, and Visual Studio Code to create programs on websites. In this study, there are several stages such as analysis of user needs, system design, system testing, data analysis, and conclusions. Then after testing and data collection, the current and power values were obtained when the AC was off, namely 0.4 A and 1.7 Watt – 1.8 Watt. When the AC is on, the current and power values are 1.08 A – 1.19 A and the power is 216.8 Watt – 244.6 Watt.
Analisis Strategi Hedging Risiko Investasi Menggunakan Kontrak Berjangka Indeks LQ45 Dengan Model OLS Dan DCC-GARCH Syavirah, Auliah Juliana; Santoso, Eka Krisna; Indrawan
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v10i1.8481426

Abstract

Volatility in the LQ45 Index remains a key concern for investors in Indonesia's capital market, underscoring the need for effective risk management strategies. This study investigates the hedging effectiveness of LQ45 index futures by comparing two estimation methods for hedge ratios: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Dynamic Conditional Correlation-GARCH (DCC-GARCH). Using daily return data from 2021 to 2024, the analysis begins with stationarity testing and model diagnostics to ensure validity. Both models are estimated and evaluated based on their fit and statistical robustness. Hedging effectiveness is assessed by comparing portfolio variances before and after hedging, alongside statistical validation using F-tests and t-tests. Results show that both models offer risk reduction, but the DCC-GARCH model outperforms OLS by providing dynamic hedge ratios that better capture market volatility. The DCC-GARCH approach also satisfies all diagnostic criteria, indicating its statistical reliability and robustness. These findings highlight the relevance of dynamic hedging models in volatile markets and provide empirical support for integrating advanced econometric tools in risk management practices. The study contributes to the underexplored literature on index futures in emerging markets and offers valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to enhance derivative utilization in Indonesia.
Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Lokal: Pemanfaatan Mata Air RT 7 Kelurahan Sumber Rejo, Kota Balikpapan Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Air Bersih Berkelanjutan Maulani, Melisa Triandini; Febrianti, Nia; Noor Hayati, Rina; Awaliyah, Lia; Arrohman, Maulana Khafid
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v10i1.8481503

Abstract

The need for clean water is one of the essential aspects of community life, especially in areas that are not fully served by the PDAM (Regional Drinking Water Company) distribution network. In Sumber Rejo Subdistrict, particularly in RT 7, the availability of clean water remains a major issue due to the hilly topography, making it difficult for the PDAM pipeline network to reach the area. The local community relies on springs as an alternative water source, which is collected manually without a planned distribution system. This study aims to analyze the potential of the spring in RT 7, Sumber Rejo Subdistrict, as a clean water source based on water quality, flow rate classification, and clean water distribution system planning. The methods used include water quality analysis through laboratory tests covering physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters, flow rate classification based on spring discharge measurements, and distribution system planning using EPANET 2.2 software. The results show that the spring water quality does not fully meet the clean water quality standards according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023 on Environmental Health, particularly for nitrate, manganese, and aluminum parameters. Based on the flow rate measurements, the spring falls into Class VI, with a flow rate ranging from 0.1 to 1 liter per second, indicating low flow capacity and generally only sufficient to meet water needs on a limited scale (less than 1,000 people). In the clean water distribution network simulation, three alternative distribution scenarios were evaluated, with Alternative 2 showing the most optimal results, with flow velocities ranging from 0.31 to 0.46 m/s
OPTIMALISASI UNIT PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK MENGGUNAKAN MAGGOT DI TPA MANGGAR KOTA BALIKPAPAN Noor Hayati, Rina; Basransyah; Chandra S. Rahendaputri; Cut Keumala Banaget; Ismi Khairunnissa Ariani; Putri, Nadya Misdiana; Ayu, Ieke Wulan
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v10i1.8481642

Abstract

The problem of organic waste management in Balikpapan City is increasing, with a total of 193,038 tons/year, 70.3% of which comes from household waste. One solution implemented at Manggar Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill in Balikpapan is the processing of organic waste using maggots (BSF larvae). This study aims to analyze the current conditions, analyze the factors influencing waste processing, and formulate strategies for optimizing the processing facility. The methods used include quantitative and qualitative approaches, as well as best practice analysis as a basis for improvement. The research findings highlight several issues, such as the absence of BSF egg weighing, predator disturbances in the fly cages, biopon systems without drainage channels, and the manual process of separating maggots from casings. Optimization was carried out through the redesign of the BSF fly enclosure, improvement, and addition of 21 biopon units, which can produce 35.7 liters of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) and decompose 1,0878 tons of organic waste per cycle, the design of a sieving machine, and the reorganization of the maggot house layout. These efforts are expected to enhance processing efficiency and capacity to 1,0878 tons per cycle, supporting more sustainable and environmentally friendly waste management.
Jeda untuk Produktif: Bagaimana Cyberloafing Membantu Pengemudi Ojek Online Mengelola Stres dan Produktivitas? Alif, Muhammad Ikhsan; Hamijaya, Prasis Damai Nursyam; Satyaninggrat, Luh Made Wisnu; Syabina, Masayu Sitti Nur; Hidayat, Muhammad Afdelpiero; Uturestantix; Agustina, Fitri
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v10i1.8481648

Abstract

The gig economy exposes online ride-hailing drivers to a precarious work environment characterized by algorithmic control, income uncertainty, and long working hours, leading to significant job stress. This high-pressure context raises a critical research problem: how do these workers manage psychological strain to sustain performance when formal organizational support is absent? Cyberloafing, a behavior with a debated dual role as both a counterproductive act and a recovery tool, emerges as a potential, self-directed coping strategy. This study aims to examine the mediating role of cyberloafing in the relationship between job stress and productivity among online ride-hailing drivers, framed by the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory. A quantitative survey with a cross-sectional design was conducted with 199 drivers, and data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that job stress has a significant positive effect on cyberloafing (β = 0.29; p ≤ 0.01), which in turn has a significant positive effect on productivity (β = 0.24; p ≤ 0.01). The main finding confirms that cyberloafing acts as a full mediator, revealing that the entire influence of stress on productivity is channeled through this behavior. This re-frames cyberloafing not as a counterproductive act, but as an essential adaptive coping mechanism that helps drivers restore psychological resources under pressure, thereby maintaining productivity in a demanding, autonomous work setting.

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