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Specta Journal of Technology
Published by Institut Teknologi Kalimantan
ISSN : 25492713     EISSN : 26229099     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0610/specta.v2i3
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Environmental Science
SPECTA journal is published by Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, Balikpapann Indonesia. SPECTA is an open-access peer reviewed journal that mediates the dissemination of academicians, researchers, and practitioners in the field of Physics, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Materials and Metallurgy, Civil Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Naval Engineering, Urban Planning, Informatics, Information System, Environmental Engineering, and Ocean Engineering. SPECTA accepts submission from all over the world, especially from Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 325 Documents
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Antioxidant Activity Test Of Red Spinach Leaf (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) Extract And Fraction With Methode (2,2-Diphenyl-1 Picrylhydrazyl) Noviyanti; Asterina, Yolanda; Khairunnisa, Anita
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i2.8481340

Abstract

Abstract Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) is a leafy vegetable known for its high antioxidant potential due to its bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions of red spinach leaves using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Extraction was conducted through cold maceration with ethanol 96%, followed by fractionation using solvents of varying polarity: n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, steroids, and tannins, which contribute to the plant's antioxidant properties. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract and fractions was assessed based on their IC50 values. The ethanol extract demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 122.09 µg/mL, while the n-hexane and water fractions showed similar moderate activity with IC50 values of 117.33 µg/mL and 124.36 µg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 64.77 µg/mL, attributed to the presence of semi-polar compounds such as flavonols. The results confirmed the significant free radical scavenging potential of red spinach, particularly in its ethyl acetate fraction. This study highlights the potential of red spinach leaves as a natural source of antioxidants with applications in the pharmaceutical, health, and food industries. Keywords: Red spinach, Amaranthus tricolor L., DPPH, antioxidant activity, IC50.
Analisis Komparatif Model Deret Waktu Univariat dalam Memperkirakan Harga Beras Premium di Kalimantan Timur Tudaan, Magh Heryan; Siringo Ringo, Aris Pransicco
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i2.8481346

Abstract

This study aims to forecast the price of premium rice in East Kalimantan for the period 2018 to 2024 using a univariate time series approach. The main issue addressed is the fluctuation in rice prices, which can affect household economic stability and regional food security. In this context, the accuracy of rice price predictions is crucial to support decision-making by stakeholders in the agricultural and trade sectors. Three forecasting methods analyzed in this study include Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Double Exponential Smoothing (DES), and Trend Projection (TP). The performance of these methods was evaluated using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) as a measure of accuracy. The results show that the DES method provides the highest accuracy, with a MAPE value of 5.59%, compared to 7.85% for ARIMA and 16.87% for TP. The best ARIMA model obtained was ARIMA (2,1,0), but it was still less precise than DES. These findings also reveal a tendency for premium rice prices to increase over the study period, influenced by external factors such as changes in economic conditions and supply chain disruptions. Therefore, DES is identified as the most reliable method for short-term price trend forecasting. This result contributes significantly to strategic planning in facing volatile market conditions and supports efforts to stabilize rice prices as part of regional food security initiatives.
Deteksi Kepadatan Lalu Lintas Pada CCTV Publik Pemerintah Kota Malang Menggunakan YOLOv8 Surya, Andi; Wahyuni, Ida
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i2.8481367

Abstract

The increasing number of motor vehicles in Malang City has led to a rise in traffic volume, resulting in a higher risk of congestion, especially on major roads such as Jalan Ahmad Yani. To address this issue, an automated system capable of detecting and monitoring traffic density is needed. This study aims to develop a traffic density detection system using the YOLOv8 object detection model with video data from public CCTV operated by the Government of Malang City. The methodology includes video data collection, data preprocessing, model training using YOLOv8, model testing, and traffic density calculation based on the number of detected vehicles. The model was evaluated during training using precision and recall metrics, resulting in a precision of 89.4% and a recall of 85.2%. Model testing was conducted on test videos by calculating accuracy based on a comparison between the number of vehicles detected by the system and the manual vehicle count, resulting in an average accuracy of 92.8%. These results indicate that the model is capable of accurately detecting vehicles in real-world conditions. This system can serve as a foundation for developing automated traffic monitoring systems that utilize visual data from CCTV.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Aktivator Kimia Pada Karbon Aktif Kayu Sengon Untuk Pengolahan Filtrasi Air Asam Tambang Riza Hudayarizka; Raudiah Tuzzahra Putri; Mochammad Purwanto; Ismi Khairunnissa Ariani
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i2.8481421

Abstract

Acid mine drainage is one of the major pollutants generated from coal mining activities, characterized by high concentrations of heavy metals such as Fe and Mn and very low pH levels, making it unsuitable for environmental discharge. This study aims to analyze the effect of different chemical activators (NaOH, H₃PO₄, HCl, and no activator) on the effectiveness of activated carbon made from sengon wood in removing contaminants from acid mine drainage. The carbonization process was carried out at high temperatures, followed by chemical activation and application as filtration media. The results showed that unactivated carbon provided the highest TSS removal efficiency at 65.79% and increased the pH to 2.7. However, all variations of activated carbon were ineffective in removing Fe and Mn, likely due to the low initial pH causing protonation of functional groups on the carbon surface, thus reducing their adsorption capacity. This study indicates that while chemical activation influences the characteristics of activated carbon, it is not yet sufficient for optimal removal of heavy metal pollutants.
Strategi Penurunan Dampak Lingkungan pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum di Kota Balikpapan dengan Metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Muhamad Nur Ibnu Luthfi Saud; Haifa Cahya Nabila Almunawar; Intan Dwi Wahyu Setyo Rini; Tasya Mirza Ratu Pattisahusiwa; Rizka Lestari
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i2.8481481

Abstract

The clean water production process must be carried out effectively without harming the environment. The Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) Tirta Manuntung Balikpapan City produces clean water through several Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP) such as Kampung Damai and Kilometer (KM) 8. Potential negative impacts can arise from the use of chemicals, processing methods and units, as well as high-power equipment. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method can be used to systematically calculate the environmental impacts of an activity's input, process, and output. This study aimed to calculate the environmental impacts due to the production process at Kampung Damai DWTP and KM 8 DWTP of Balikpapan City using the LCA method, as well as formulate strategies to reduce negative impacts. The principle of this study was to calculate impacts using the ReCiPe 2016 model (midpoint H), based on software (SimaPro), with gate-to-gate data coverage (from the intake unit to the reservoir). The study's results found that every 1 m³ of production at Kampung Damai DWTP resulted in impacts in the form of human carcinogens (0.0179 pt), freshwater ecotoxicity (0.00329 pt), and freshwater eutrophication (0.00266 pt). Meanwhile, at KM 8, DWTP resulted in human carcinogenic impacts of 0.026 pt, freshwater ecotoxicity of 0.04 pt, and marine ecotoxicity of 0.03 pt. Alternative strategy to mitigate potential environmental impacts can be implemented through the substitution of aluminum sulfate (Al2SO4) chemicals with Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC), which reduces human carcinogenicity by 28%, freshwater ecotoxicity by 12%, and freshwater eutrophication by 4% at Kampung Damai DWTP. Furthermore, substitution of chemicals with PAC and low-power electrical equipment can reduce human carcinogenicity by 8.38%, freshwater ecotoxicity by 14.09%, and marine ecotoxicity by 12.13% at KM 8 DWTP.
Pengaruh Proses Solution Treatment dan Shot Peening Terhadap Kekuatan Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro Baja Mangan Austenitik Untuk Komponen Frognose Rel Wahyu, Wahyu Tian; Ramdan, Raden Dadan
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.952

Abstract

Wessel is a part of the railway track which functions as track switching. One of the components of Wessel, which is made through the casting process is called frognose. Frognose is the most critical component in the Wessel crossing, as it must withstand the impact load caused by the movement of train wheels. The production of frognose follows the EN 15689 standard and the Minister of Transportation Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 60 of 2012. Austenitic manganese steel ASTM A 128 Grade C is chosen as the main material. This austenitic manganese steel has high-strain hardening properties when subjected to static, dynamic, and impact loads on its surface. In this study, a heat treatment process is used to improve the mechanical properties and carbide solubility of the casting results. Cooling the object from the casting process causes carbide growth which is caused by the cooling rate. Therefore, solution treatment is necessary to dissolve the carbides. The solution treatment process is carried out at various temperatures 1075ºC, 1150ºC, and 1225ºC. Subsequently, the optimized material from the solution treatment is subjected to shot peening deformation. Based on the research results, the solution treatment process at 1150ºC temperature shows the best toughness, thus it will be continued with the shot peening deformation process. The deformation caused by the shot peening process is able to change the crystal orientation by forming twinning, thereby increasing the material hardness value. The best mechanical properties are obtained in sample ST2 followed by the SP12 process with a combination of hardness value of 35 HRC at a depth of 0.05mm; impact energy of 82,92 joule/cm2 and mostly carbide-free microstructure.
Perancangan dan Penilaian Kinerja Kompor Berbahan Bakar Minyak Jelantah Berbasis Teknologi FFEAS Metode French Setiawan, Rizal Justian; Ma'ruf, Khakam; Darmono; Khosyiati, Nur Evirda; Azizah, Nur
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.1072

Abstract

Waste cooking oil or used cooking oil is potentially carcinogenic waste and dangerous to human health if used for cooking repeatedly. If waste cooking oil is disposed of in the environment, it can harm soil structure by impeding water movement in soil pores. Therefore, the development of waste cooking oil stove technology designed using the French method can be a solution to utilize waste cooking oil as an alternative fuel. The results of this research are a stove design and device that can use used cooking oil. This stove uses abundant waste cooking oil with efficient and clean combustion results through the use of FFEAS Technology. This stove uses a floating wick and an excess air system which makes the combustion process easier. The performance of the stove being developed can be seen in several tests such as ignition combustion duration, required pressure, operational time, fuel consumption rate, sensible heat, and latent heat. The results of three tests that have been conducted show that the average ignition duration of the stove is 12 minutes, the optimal pressure is 4-5 bar, the fuel consumption rate is 8.34ml/minute, the average latent heat is 1,095.82 watts, and the average sensible heat is 132.48 watts.
Pemodelan Matematika dan Kendali Optimal Penyebaran Penyakit Malaria di Kabupaten Panajam Paser Utara Ahmad Maulana Syafi'i; Sari, Yosinta
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

In this paper, the dynamics of malaria transmission model in Panajam Paser Utara Regency are given. The SISI (Susceptible Human-Infected Human-Susceptible Vector-Infected Vector) model is used in this paper by assuming that the human population can be infected with malaria more than once. The model parameters are estimated based on monthly cumulative data of malaria cases in Panajam Paser Utara Regency in 2023-2024 using the Kalman Filter method. The simulation results show that the comparison of the estimated value and the actual value in cases of humans infected with malaria in Panajam Paser Utara Regency in 2023-2024 produces a MAPE of 6.27% so that it can be concluded that the level of forecasting accuracy is high because it is <10%. Furthermore, two controls are considered to minimize the spread of malaria, namely human contact prevention measures with mosquitoes and mosquito spraying. Then the dynamic optimization problem is solved using the Pontryagin Minimum Principle method. The goal is to reduce the population of infected humans and mosquitoes by minimizing the costs incurred for mosquito prevention and spraying. Numerical results are presented to show that both controls can effectively minimize the spread of malaria.
Analisis Kelayakan Investasi pada Studi Kasus Perusahaan Properti Ciputra Group Menggunakan Metode Cost Benefit Analysis Shauma Salsabiilla, Risqi’a; Oktar, Adnan; Rahmawati, Febri; Alif. S, Muh Ikhsan
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35718/specta.v9i3.8481355

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the investment feasibility of Ciputra Group real estate projects using Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). Secondary data in the form of financial statements of Ciputra Development Tbk from 2005-2023 were used with the analysis tools of Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR). The project is assumed to have a four-year investment period (2020-2023). The analysis results show that the project is worth investing with a positive NPV of IDR5.37 trillion, an IRR of 3.4512% which is higher than the discount rate of 3%, and a BCR of 1.22. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to measure how changes in assumptions affect the results. The findings recommend investing in Ciputra Group's real estate projects as they have the potential to provide significant economic benefits to the company.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN RISIKO PERUSAHAAN STUDI KASUS START UP CIRO WASTE Reza Fahlevi, Mohammad; Deny Arthawan Sugih Prabowo, I Putu; Shauma Salsabiilla, Risqi’a; Amanda Aulia Putri, Ghea; Alyaa Farraas, Ghina; Nurhadi Efendi, Muhammad
SPECTA Journal of Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Specta Journal of Technology
Publisher : LPPM ITK

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Sustainability-oriented waste management startups such as Ciro waste require comprehensive risk analysis to ensure operational stability and support long-term business growth. Despite operating in a highly regulated and complex sector—facing challenges such as strict environmental policies, raw material price volatility, and operational hazards including workplace accidents and ecological impacts—Ciro waste has yet to establish a documented risk management framework. This study aims to identify, evaluate, and design risk mitigation strategies aligned with the startup's business model. The methodology involves qualitative analysis of core business processes and risk mapping based on the ISO 31000 framework. The findings indicate that implementing a structured risk management approach not only minimizes potential operational disruptions but also enhances business resilience and strengthens the company’s reputation as a responsible and sustainable enterprise. These insights serve as a foundation for recommending the integration of risk management practices into Ciro waste’s overall business strategy, thereby fostering innovation in a competitive and sustainability-driven waste management industry.

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