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Andalas obstetrics and gynecology journal
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 25798324     EISSN : 25798413     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077/aogj
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal (AOJ) (e-ISSN: 2579-8324) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of obstetrics, gynecology, and other related disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Articles 469 Documents
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Anal Incontinence in Chronic Total Perineal Rupture : A Case Report Roby Putrama; Sari, Yulia Margaretta; Utama, Bobby Indra
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.145-152.2025

Abstract

Objective: Obstetric anal sphincter injury is a complication of vaginal delivery that, if inadequately managed, can lead to total perineal rupture and fecal incontinence, significantly impacting a patient's quality of life. This case report aims to describe the management of long-standing total perineal rupture in a patient with fecal incontinence. Method: A 37-year-old woman with a 1-year history of fecal incontinence and 15-year history of uncontrolled flatus following an unattended perineal tear during her first delivery was referred for evaluation. Physical examination and transperineal ultrasound revealed a perineal defect involving the external and internal anal sphincter. The patient was managed with sphincteroplasty and perineorrhaphy. Postoperative care included cleansing, catheterization, and medications, along with dietary modifications. Result: The patient’s Wexner score of 14 indicated moderate to severe fecal incontinence. After surgical management, the patient experienced improved control over bowel movements and enhanced quality of life. Conclusion: Vaginal lacerations can cause severe injuries to the perineal body and anal sphincters. Early identification and appropriate surgical intervention, such as sphincteroplasty and perineorrhaphy, are essential in improving outcomes and restoring quality of life in patients with obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Keywords: Obstetric anal sphincter injury, fecal incontinence, sphincteroplasty, perineorrhaphy, perineal rupture
The Role of Endothelial Nitrit Oxide in Preeclampsia Onset Ramya Sausan; Yusrawati, Yusrawati; Karmia, Hudila Rifa
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.41-48.2025

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, with nitric oxide (NO) being a key regulator of vascular tone and endothelial function. This study aims to investigate the relationship between endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) levels and the onset of preeclampsia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women diagnosed with severe preeclampsia and receive treatment at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang. After met the inclusion criteria and do not have exclusion criteria, demographic and clinical data was taken. Maternal plasma concentrations of eNOS were determined by ELISA. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. Results: The study evaluated the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in two groups of preeclampsia patients: those with Early Onset Preeclampsia (EOP) and Late Onset Preeclampsia (LOPE). The median eNOS levels were 50.43 pg/ml for the EOP group (range: 28.72 - 232.78 pg/ml) and 54.76 pg/ml for the LOPE group (range: 15.39 - 235.70 pg/ml). A Mann-Whitney U test revealed a p-value of 0.303, indicating no statistically significant difference in eNOS levels between the two groups. This suggests that the timing of preeclampsia onset does not significantly influence eNOS levels, providing insights into the disease's mechanisms. Conclusion: eNOS levels in the early preeclampsia (EOP) group were found to be lower compared to the late preeclampsia (LOPE) group. Although there was a difference in eNOS levels between the two groups, the difference was not statistically significant. Keywords: Preeclampsia, endothelial dysfunction, nitric oxide; pregnancy, hypertensive disorders
The Efficacy of Dequalinium Chloride Against Vulvovaginitis in Pregnancy Mila Permata Sari; Djanas, Dovy; Putra, Andani Eka
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.49-62.2025

Abstract

Introduction: Vulvovaginitis affects pregnancy outcomes and managing it involves the use of metronidazole or nystatin, which can cause local or systemic side effects. Dequalinium chloride (DQC) is suggested as a new treatment option for vulvovaginitis during pregnancy with minimal side effects. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of dequalinium chloride (DQC) versus metronidazole + nystatin (MN) in treating vulvovaginitis in pregnant women during their second and third trimesters. Method: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Andalas Public Health Center, Padang, from January to May 2024. Pregnant women in their second and third trimesters, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were enrolled. The participants were randomly assigned to either the DQC or MN group. Vaginal swabs were taken before and after a 6-day treatment, and PCR analysis was performed. Results: Eighteen patients were treated with DQC and MN. Most participants had bacterial vaginosis (DQC 78%, MN 83%), with half having candidiasis (DQC and MN 50%) and fewer cases of trichomoniasis (28% in both groups). Significant improvements were seen in the DQC group for symptoms (p=0.000), Gardnerella vaginalis (p=0.035), and Candida albicans (p=0.021). In the MN group, significant improvements were noted for symptoms (p=0.000) and Gardnerella vaginalis (p=0.002). No significant differences were observed between the groups for symptom resolution or microbial reduction. Conclusion: DQC is as effective as metronidazole + nystatin in treating bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis in pregnancy. Keywords: Vulvovaginitis, pregnancy, dequalinium chloride, metronidazole, nystatin
Lactobacillus species and Clamydia trachomatis characterisation in premature rupture of membranes and normal pregnancy Prima Indra; Roza Sri Yanti; Putra, Andani Eka
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.95-104.2025

Abstract

The cause of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) remains uncertain. The vaginal microbiota might possess a significant influence on the vaginal environment and can impact the overall health of the female reproductive system. Objective: This study aims to determine the difference in the concentration of lactobacillus crispatus, lactobacillus vaginalis, and chlamydia trachomatis between patients with premature rupture of membranes and normal pregnancies; Methods: This study is an analytic study with a case-control design that was conducted at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang during the period January 2024 to June 2024. This study performed DNA isolation using conventional PCR; Results: Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus vaginalis, and Chlamydia trachomatis reached 42,124,873.86/mL, 179.41/mL, and 287,062.30/mL, respectively in preterm rupture of membranes patients. In normal pregnancy, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus vaginalis, and Chlamydia trachomatis reached 75,717,348.80/mL, 704,147.66/mL, and 0/mL, respectively. A significant difference in Lactobacillus vaginalis concentrations was found between the case and control groups, with the control group having a greater average concentration (28.88) compared to the case group (36.13), with a p-value <0.018. The case group had a significantly greater concentration of Chlamydia trachomatis (37.50) compared to the control group (27.50), with a p-value <0.001. The case and control groups had significantly different lactobacillus crispatus concentrations. The case group had 24.88 times less lactobacillus crispatus than the control group, which had 40.13 times more, with p-value <0.001; Conclusion:  In pregnant women, an increase in Chlamydia trachomatis and a reduction in Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus vaginalis can be an indicator of probable PROM. Keywords:  Lactobacillus vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, Lactobacillus crispatus, PROM, normal pregnancy.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Cesarean Section Patients at Ibnu Sina Simpang Empat Hospital Agus, Muthiah Ramadhani; Ardiles, Ardiles
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.16-22.2025

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to determine the characteristics and outcomes of caesarean section patients. Childbirth with the SC method is carried out on the basis of medical indications from both the mother and fetus, such as placenta previa, abnormal presentation or location of the fetus, and other indications that can endanger the life of the mother and fetus. Method: descriptive observational research with a cross-sectional research design that describes the phenomenon of the variables studied objectively based on time samples, behavioral samples, and incident samples at a certain time through medical records of post-cesarean section patients. Result: The maternal age is mostly low risk (80%), multiparous (68%), length of stay 2±0.5. The most common indications for CS are a history of previous CS (31.14%), PROM (17.89%), CPD (8.61%) and oligohydramnios (5.44%) Conclusion: The incidence of cesarean section delivery at RSI Ibnu Sina Simpang Empat from January 2024 to June 2024 increased in the productive age group and most in multiparas. The average length of stay after cesarean section was in accordance with the ACOG standard, which was less than 48 hours. The importance of post-cesarean section assessment and monitoring to optimize maternal and infant health. Keywords: Cesarean section, characteristic, outcome
Quality of live pregnant women with hiv/aids : serial cases Eka Yadnya, Ni Putu; Darmayasa, I Made
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.134-144.2025

Abstract

Objective: HIV cases in women are often discovered because patients undergo antenatal screening examinations. Pregnant women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) must have access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) as soon as possible and continuously. This protects the mother's health and prevents transmission of HIV to the fetus before birth or through breast milk. Pregnant women with HIV tend to have worse psychosocial impacts compared to non-pregnant patients, thus affecting their quality of life; Method: A qualitative research using a case report approach. Data on pregnant women with HIV was taken from secondary data, namely the cohort data of pregnant women at the Maternal and Child Health Polyclinic, I Melaya Health Center, Jembrana Regency between January 2022 to February 2024. Patients who were willing to take part in the research became respondents and were then interviewed using the WHOQOL-HIV-BRIEF instrument. Then a qualitative analysis of the results of the interviews conducted was carried out; Result:There are five case reports discussed, 80% or four cases had poor or even poor quality of life. Only 20% of cases have a good quality of life. The dominant aspects that influence thpatient's quality of life are the independence aspect in 80% of cases, the social, environmental and spiritual aspects in 40% of cases each. Meanwhile, the aspects that cause good quality of life values are physical and psychological aspects, each accounting for 80% of cases; Conclusion :There are several factors that can influence the good or bad quality of life of pregnant women with HIV. These include education level, income level, openness about HIV status, family support, adherence to treatment, individual coping mechanisms, and severity of HIV symptoms. It is very important to assess every pregnant woman with HIV/AIDS infection as an integral part of antenatal care. Keywords: Pregnant women; HIV ;quality of life
Association Between Mode of Delivery and Incidence of Overactive Bladder (OAB) in Community Health Centers in Padang Diniy Miftahul Muthmainah; Utama, Bobby Indra; Yetti, Husna
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.63-73.2025

Abstract

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a syndrome characterized by unstable bladder contractions and significantly impacts the quality of life. Risk factors such as age, pregnancy, and childbirth are often associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. While national epidemiological data on OAB in Indonesia is unavailable, a small study at a public health center in Padang revealed a high prevalence of OAB among pregnant women (97.14%). This study aims to analyze the association between mode of delivery and the incidence of OAB. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional design conducted at community health centers in Padang. Data were collected through structured interviews and medical records. The inclusion criteria were women aged 20–45 years who had experienced at least one delivery. OAB was assessed using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS). Statistical analysis was performed to determine the association between delivery methods (vaginal or cesarean) and the incidence of OAB. Result: Out of the total participants, 65.4% reported OAB symptoms. The incidence was significantly higher in women with a history of vaginal delivery compared to those with cesarean delivery (p < 0.05). Furthermore, age and parity were found to be contributing factors to OAB symptoms. Discussion: The findings suggest that the mode of delivery is associated with the incidence of OAB, with vaginal delivery posing a higher risk. These results underscore the importance of counseling pregnant women about potential long-term urinary health outcomes associated with childbirth techniques. Further studies with larger samples and more diverse populations are recommended to validate these findings. Keywords: overactive bladder, vaginal delivery, caesarean section
Coping Strategies and Their Subscales: Correlation with Maternity Blues Wartisa, Feny; Lestari, Yuniar; Yusrawati, Yusrawati; Yanis, Amel
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.30-40.2025

Abstract

Background: Postpartum mothers are susceptible to clinical symptoms of depression. Maternity blues is one of the most common postpartum depressions. Objectives: This research aims to identify the correlation between coping strategies and maternity blues in Bukittinggi City. Methods: This Cross-sectional Study was conducted in Bukittinggi City, West Sumatra, Indonesia, involving 126 postpartum mothers recruited consecutively. Data analysis in this study used the Spearman's Rank correlation test. Results: The results of the study showed that problem-focused coping strategies had a positive correlation with maternity blues (p-value: 0.025; r = 1,000). Emotion-focused coping strategies had a negative correlation with maternity blues (p-value: 0.015; r = -0.216). While the type of Avoidance focused coping strategy has a positive correlation with maternity blues (P Value: 0.000; r = 0.446). Conclusion: Problem-focused and emotional coping strategies have a positive correlation with maternity blues. Avoidance-focused coping strategies have a negative correlation with maternity blues. Keywords: Coping strategies, maternity blues, subscales
Genital Ambiguity in a 46, XY individual : a Rare Case Zata Yuda Amaniko; Yuad, Haviz
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.153-160.2025

Abstract

Introduction: Ambiguous genitalia/disorders of sexual development (DSD) is a disorder of sexual development that is atypical chromosomally, gonadally and anatomically, which is generally characterized by the presence of unclear external genitalia, which can cause biological, social and psychological problems in the patient. as well as family. Objective: To report a rare case of 46 XY disorders of sexual development. Case Report: A 20 years old patient was reported with complaints of primary amenorrhea, breasts that had not yet grown and genitals resembling male genitals. Through physical examination, fine hair appeared above the lips, acne, prominent thyroid cartilage, mammary tanner stage M1, and a structure resembling a penis on the genitalia. The patient was examined according to the algorithm for patients with DSD, namely an ultrasound examination with the result that no gonads were found, then the patient underwent a karyotyping examination with results of 46 XY. In the investigation, it revealed LH: 58.45 mIU/ml, FSH: 57.74 mIU/ml, testosterone: 228 ng/dl. Next, the patient is planned for further imaging examinations. Conclusions: DSD is genetically heterogeneous and careful assessment by a multidisciplinary team is essential to accurately diagnose DSD. Many forms of DSD go undiagnosed. It is important for physicians to have a clear decision-making pathway in evaluating patients with DSD Keywords: Disorders of Sexual Development, Ambiguous Genitalia, 46 XY
Comparison of Vaginal Microbiota Profiles in Patients With Endometriosis and Without Endometriosis Sef Zani Meria; Yuad, Haviz; Putra, Andani Eka
Andalas Obstetrics And Gynecology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aoj.9.1.74-85.2025

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is a complex gynecological disease affect 10% of women in reproductive age, involving inflammation and immune regulation. Diversity of vaginal microbiota is an integral part of vaginal microecology with vaginal anatomy, endocrine system and local vaginal immunity. The disruption in microecology, dysbiosis, is known to trigger inflammatory diseases. The relationship between vaginal dysbiosis and endometriosis remains controversial Objective: To determine the comparison of vaginal microbiota profiles in patients with and without endometriosis Method: The study was case-control design on patients with and without endometriosis at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, conducted from December 2023 to June 2024 at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Polyclinic and the Center for Infectious Disease Diagnostic and Research Laboratory. The diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed via ultrasonography and histology. Microbiota were measured with miSeq Illumina Next Generation Sequencing. A comparison of microbiota profiles was carried out using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: There were 40 respondents, with endometriosis (n=20) and without endometriosis (n=20). At the phylum level, the vaginal microbiota profile in the endometriosis group was dominated by Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, while in without endometriosis group dominated by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the endometriosis group was dominated by Lactobacillus sp., Desulfovibrio sp., Flavobacterium sp., and Gardnerella sp., while without endometriosis group were Lactobacillus sp., Prevotella sp., Desulfovibrio sp., and Bifidobacterium sp. There was no difference in the abundance of microbiota (p>0.05) Conclusion: There was no difference in the abundance of microbiota between endometriosis group and without endometriosis group.   Keywords: Endometriosis, dysbiosis, vaginal microbiota, Lactobacillus, Flavobacterium, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria

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