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Nur Arifin
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Gedung LPPM Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina Widya, Jl. H.R. Soebrantas Km 12.5, Panam. Pekanbaru, Riau - 28293. Indonesia
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Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : 2655366X     EISSN : 27164608     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Asian Journal Of Aquatic Sciences is a journal publishes scientific articles from research by lecturers and other researchers in the waters sector. Focusing on aspects of aquatic ecology for the use of this habitat as an ecosystem for producing food (fisheries and agriculture) and its function for the earth's ecosystem. Covers aspects of biology, physics and chemistry, both for freshwater (rivers, lakes, swamps, reservoirs), brackish waters (mangrove swamps, river estuaries) and marine waters (coastal and offshore seas).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 568 Documents
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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SALINITY LEVELS ON ERYTHROCYTE COUNT, LEUKOCYTE COUNT, AND BLOOD GLUCOSE OF STRIPED CATFISH (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) M Riswan; Henni Syawal; Usman M Tang; Irwan Effendi; Ronal Kurniawan; Nur Ikhlas Syuhada; Rianti Putri; Sri Wahyuni; Asri Mursawal
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.142-149

Abstract

Pangasianodon hypophthalmus is a stenohaline freshwater catfish that is increasingly exposed to salinity fluctuations due to tidal intrusion and the expansion of brackish water aquaculture. This study aimed to analyze the erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, as well as blood glucose levels, in P. hypophthalmus reared at different salinities. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments: 0 ppt salinity, 5 ppt salinity, 7 ppt salinity, and 9 ppt salinity, with three replicates. The hematological parameters analyzed included total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, and blood glucose. The results showed that salinity had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, and blood glucose. A salinity of 5 ppt produced an optimal hematological profile, with a total erythrocyte count of 2.25 × 10⁶ cells/mm³, a total leukocyte count of 7.65 × 10⁴ cells/mm³, and blood glucose of 52.33 mg/dL. These findings indicate that a salinity of 5 ppt is the optimal salinity threshold for P. hypophthalmus aquaculture in brackish water environments and provide a physiological basis for adaptive aquaculture management amid changing environmental conditions
EVALUATİON OF NATURAL STOCKS OF MEDİCİNAL LEECHES İN WETLAND ECOSYSTEMS AND SUSTAİNABLE MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATİONS Mustafa Ergun
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.133-141

Abstract

Medicinal leeches, particularly Hirudo verbana, are recognized as sensitive bioindicators of freshwater ecosystems, and water quality parameters directly govern their entire life cycle. Key physicochemical variables such as temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, electrical conductivity, and organic matter load constitute the primary environmental determinants regulating metabolic activity, growth performance, and survival rates. Optimal thermal regimes and sufficient dissolved oxygen levels enhance post-feeding digestion efficiency, accelerate somatic growth, and improve overall physiological condition. Conversely, contamination by heavy metals, pesticides, and surfactants exerts both acute and chronic toxic effects, disrupting osmoregulatory balance, suppressing immune function, and elevating oxidative stress. These stressors may result in reduced hematophagous activity, impaired growth trajectories, increased mortality, and diminished reproductive fitness. Water quality also plays a decisive role in reproductive success and cocoon production. Under suitable environmental conditions, medicinal leeches exhibit higher cocoon output, increased hatchling numbers per cocoon, and improved embryonic development rates. In contrast, suboptimal water quality may lead to structural abnormalities in cocoon morphology, decreased hatching success, and prolonged incubation periods. Therefore, the conservation of natural populations and the sustainability of aquaculture-based production systems depend fundamentally on systematic monitoring of water quality parameters and the implementation of ecosystem-based management strategies. Such an integrative approach is essential not only for maintaining biodiversity integrity but also for ensuring the long-term continuity of medicinal leech resources for therapeutic applications. This study was designed as a comprehensive review aiming to evaluate the effects of water quality on the life cycle, physiological processes, reproductive success, and sustainability of medicinal leeches, particularly Hirudo verbana. Within the scope of the study, the critical role of water quality in both natural habitats and aquaculture systems was examined through a holistic assessment of national and international scientific literature. In particular, the effects of major water quality parameters, including temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, organic load, and nitrogenous compounds, on growth performance, behavioral characteristics, population dynamics, and ecological tolerance of medicinal leeches were comparatively evaluated. Furthermore, the ecological significance of medicinal leeches as bioindicator organisms in freshwater ecosystems was emphasized, highlighting that preserving water quality is essential not only for the continuity of natural populations but also for the development of sustainable aquaculture practices
MIKROBIOLOGICAL TESTING OF CAROTENOID PIGMENT  EXTRACT AGAINST THE PATHOGENIC BACTERIUM Vibrio harveyi  IN SHRIMP PONDS Karenina Azzahra; Yusni Ikhwan Siregar; Ummi Mardhiah Batubara
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.118-125

Abstract

Shrimp is one of the key fishery commodities for the national economy. The main problem in shrimp farming is infection by the bacterium Vibrio harveyi, which is commonly controlled using conventional antibiotics. Uncontrolled antibiotic use can lead to bacterial resistance; therefore, it is necessary to identify alternative antibacterial compounds that are more environmentally friendly, such as carotenoid pigment extracts from marine microorganisms. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial activity and determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of carotenoid pigment extracts against V. harveyi. Carotenoid pigment analysis was performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, while antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). MIC and MBC were determined using the liquid dilution and pour plate methods. The extract concentrations used were 12,5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. The results showed that the extract exhibited a maximum absorbance at 490 nm, with a total carotenoid content of 14.56 µg/mL. In addition, the carotenoid pigment extract from isolate LD02 inhibited the growth of V. harveyi, with inhibition zones ranging from 1.41 to 3.58 mm. The MIC was 14.56 µg/mL, while the MBC was>14.56 µg/mL, indicating that the extract exhibits bacteriostatic activity against V. harveyi.
EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION OF CAROTENOID PIGMENTS SYNTHESIZED BY MARINE PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA AS A SOURCE OF NATURAL ANTIBIOTICS Kayla Difa; Nursyirwani Nursyirwani; Ummi Mardhiah Batubara
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.126-132

Abstract

Marine photosynthetic bacteria are microorganisms with the potential to produce bioactive compounds in the form of carotenoid pigments, which can be utilized as a natural source of antibacterial agents. This study aims to characterize the carotenoid pigments produced by the marine photosynthetic bacterial isolate LD04 and to determine their potential antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Vibrio harveyi. The study was conducted using an exploratory descriptive method, involving bacterial culture, antibacterial activity testing using the disc diffusion method, biomass production, pigment extraction using methanol, and purification and characterization using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). LC analysis yielded a single major spot, indicating the presence of a dominant pigment component in the extract. Further characterization by HPLC at a wavelength of 450 nm produced a peak at a retention time of 6.35 minutes, whereas the astaxanthin standard was detected at 28.2 minutes. This difference in retention time suggests that the main compound in the extract is likely a xanthophyll or a more polar carotenoid derivative. Antibacterial activity testing showed that the pigment extract was able to inhibit the growth of E. coli and V. harveyi, but showed no activity against P. aeruginosa. The largest inhibition zone diameters were obtained for E. coli at 5.63 mm and V. harveyi at 1.23 mm, classified as weak inhibition according to CLSI standards. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the carotenoid pigments from the marine photosynthetic bacterial isolate LD04 have potential as a source of natural antibacterial agents, particularly against E. coli and V. harveyi.
WATER QUALİTY AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR İN THE LİFE AND SUSTAİNABİLİTY OF MEDİCİNAL LEECHES Cafer Bulut
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.175-184

Abstract

Water quality is a critical ecological factor that determines the survival, physiological performance, and sustainable utilisation of medicinal leeches. This study evaluated the effects of major physicochemical and microbiological water parameters on the health and viability of medicinal leech populations under controlled freshwater conditions. Water temperature (15–24°C), dissolved oxygen (6.5–9.2 mg L⁻¹), pH (6.8–7.8), electrical conductivity (180–420 µS cm⁻¹), and total dissolved solids (110–260 mg L⁻¹) were identified as the optimal environmental ranges supporting normal activity and reproduction. In contrast, dissolved oxygen levels below 4.5 mg L⁻¹ and ammonia concentrations exceeding 0.20 mg L⁻¹ resulted in a 32–41% reduction in feeding activity and a 24% decline in survival during the observation period. Elevated nitrate concentrations (>50 mg L⁻¹) and increased turbidity (>15 NTU) were associated with reduced cocoon production and delayed juvenile development. Microbiological analyses further demonstrated that excessive bacterial contamination significantly increased the risk of infection, decreasing reproductive success by approximately 28%. Multivariate statistical evaluation indicated that dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and pH collectively explained 78% of the observed variation in leech physiological performance and habitat suitability. Overall habitat quality exhibited a strong positive correlation with survival rate (r = 0.86, p < 0.001), emphasizing the ecological importance of maintaining stable freshwater conditions. The findings demonstrate that continuous monitoring of water quality parameters provides an effective approach for predicting habitat degradation and supporting conservation strategies for medicinal leeches. Protecting freshwater ecosystems from nutrient enrichment, chemical pollution, and microbial contamination is therefore essential not only for preserving natural populations but also for ensuring the sustainable production of medicinal leeches used in hirudotherapy and biomedical research. These results provide an ecological framework for developing evidence-based water quality standards and long-term conservation programs for medicinal leech resources.
MAPPING OF CORAL REEF DISTRIBUTION USING THE LYZENGA ALGORITHM METHOD WITH SENTINEL-2 IMAGERY IN PASUMPAHAN ISLAND Jenny Lisiana; Mubarak Mubarak; Thamrin Thamrin; Zulkifli Zulkifli; Ilham Ilahi
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.157-163

Abstract

The coral reef ecosystem on Pasumpahan Island holds significant ecological and economic value but is vulnerable to environmental pressures. This study aims to map shallow-water benthic habitats and to assess the accuracy of Sentinel-2 satellite image classification using the Lyzenga water-column correction method. The research involved radiometric correction, application of the water-column correction algorithm, and supervised classification using the Maximum Likelihood algorithm. Field validation was conducted using 30 ground-check points to assess accuracy using a confusion matrix. The analysis results indicate that the shallow waters of Pasumpahan Island are dominated by the substrate class, covering 15.75 Ha, while the coral reef class covers 7.78 Ha. The accuracy assessment yielded an Overall Accuracy of 83.3% and a Kappa Coefficient of 0.67, indicating substantial agreement and confirming the method's validity for spatial mapping. This study concludes that the Lyzenga method is effective in mapping benthic habitats with adequate accuracy, and the resulting map can serve as baseline data for area managers for conservation zoning.
EFFECTS OF APPLYING LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM NONI FRUIT (Morinda citrifolia L.) ON THE BIOMASS OF Lemna sp. IN THE CULTURE MEDIA FOR NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) Yulisa Rika Sari; Saberina Hasibuan; Rodhi Firmansyah
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.164-174

Abstract

Lemna sp. is an aquatic plant with high nutritional content, especially protein, and can grow rapidly in favorable environmental conditions. In addition to being a food source, Lemna sp. acts as a phytoremediator by absorbing ammonia, nitrate, and phosphate compounds derived from feed residues and fish metabolism. This study aims to investigate the use of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) derived from noni fruit to support the growth of Lemna sp. in tilapia fish culture media. The study was conducted from September to October 2025 at the Aquaculture Environmental Quality Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Riau. This study used an experimental method. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatment levels and 3 replications so that there were a total of 15 treatment units, namely P0: Without giving noni fruit POC, P1: Giving noni fruit LOF 1.75 mL/L, P2: Giving noni fruit LOF 2 ml/L, P3: Giving noni fruit LOF 2.25 ml/L, P4: Giving noni fruit LOF 2.5 ml/L. The results of the study showed that the administration of noni fruit LOF at a dose of 2.5 ml/L was the best treatment for the growth of absolute weight in Lemna sp, with an average absolute weight of 145.66 ± 4.81 g and a specific growth rate of 4.70 ± 0.08% / day. Treatment with this dose was able to support the growth of tilapia for 30 days without commercial feed and only using Lemna sp as a single feed by producing an absolute weight of tilapia of 1.71 ± 0.10 g, an absolute length of 2.8 ± 0.11 cm, a specific growth rate of 3.22 ± 0.07 % / day, and a survival rate of 96%. In addition, the presence of Lemna sp in the maintenance medium acts as a phytoremediation agent, helping maintain stable water quality. Water quality parameters during the study remained within a reasonable range, with temperatures ranging from 26.4–30.1℃, pH 6.0–7.9, DO 4.1–7.2 mg/L, nitrate 0.06–19.05 mg/L, phosphate 0.13–4.16 mg/L, and ammonia 0.01–0.02 mg/L, supporting tilapia survival and growth.
THE ABILITY OF Bacillus sp. BACTERIA FROM THE ROKAN RIVER ESTUARINE WATERS TO DEGRADE MICROPLASTICS Andini Nurhidayah; Nursyirwani Nursyirwani; Feli Feliatra
Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ajoas.9.2.150-156

Abstract

Microplastic pollution in aquatic environments has emerged as a critical global environmental concern. Its presence has been widely detected in various environmental compartments, including estuaries. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of Bacillus sp. isolated from the Rokan River estuary waters to degrade microplastics, namely polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP), and to observe changes in their surface morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The method used was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment with three replications. The degradation test was conducted gravimetrically over 60 days of incubation. The results showed that the highest average degradation rate was found in PE (4.09%), followed by PS (1.86%) and PP (1.19%). The Kruskal-Wallis statistical test yielded a p-value of 0.361 (p > 0.05), indicating no significant difference among the plastic types. SEM analysis confirmed morphological changes, including cracks, pores, and holes, on the surfaces of the treated plastics. The highest average bacterial count was found in the PE treatment (20.8 x 10¹⁰ CFU/mL), followed by PS (18.8 x 10¹⁰ CFU/mL) and PP (13.5 x 10¹⁰ CFU/mL). Therefore, it is concluded that Bacillus sp. has potential as an early indicator of microplastic biodegradation, although the degradation rate remains relatively low

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