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INDONESIA
Sapientia Et Virtus
Published by Universitas Katolik Darma Cendika
ISSN : 2355343X     EISSN : 27162273     DOI : 10.37477
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Tujuan jurnal ini adalah menyediakan tempat bagi akademisi, peneliti dan praktisi untuk menerbitkan artikel penelitian asli atau artikel ulasan. Ruang lingkup artikel yang diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini membahas berbagai topik, termasuk berbagai pendekatan untuk studi hukum seperti perbandingan hukum, hukum dan ekonomi, sosiologi hukum, dan antropologi hukum. Artikel juga dapat membahas bidang hukum yang spesifik, misalnya: hukum pidana, hukum perdata, hukum komersial dan bisnis, hukum internasional, hukum konstitusional, hukum administrasi, hukum adat, dan hukum sumber daya alam.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 138 Documents
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ANALISIS KOMPARATIF PENGATURAN DAN PENERAPAN PIDANA PENJARA TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN DALAM KUHP BARU INDONESIA DAN PENAL CODE TIMOR-LESTE Domingos Pascoal Fernandes
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v10i2.993

Abstract

This study examines the comparative regulation and application of imprisonment for the crime of murder under the Indonesian Criminal Code (Law No. 1 of 2023) and the Penal Code of Timor-Leste (Decree-Law No. 19/2009). The research aims to analyze the legal framework governing murder offenses to compare the implementation of imprisonment through the perspective of judicial decisions and sentencing policies in both countries. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The analysis is conducted through the examination of primary and secondary legal materials, including legislation and court decisions. And relevant scholarly literature. The findings reveal significant differences in the philosophical orientation of criminal punishment between the two legal systems. Indonesia maintains a broader spectrum of sanctions, including conditional death penalty provisions and long-term imprisonment, reflecting a combination of retributive and deterrent objectives. In contrast, Timor-Leste constitutionally prohibits the death penalty and emphasizes proportionality, human rights protection, rehabilitation, and social reintegration. The study further demonstrates that the effectiveness of imprisonment is not determined solely by the severity or duration of punishment but also by the consistency of legal application, sentencing guidelines, and the quality of correctional institutions. Indonesia faces challenges such as prison overcrowding, sentencing disparities, and limited rehabilitation programs, while Timor-Leste encounters constraints related to institutional capacity and correctional infrastructure. The comparative analysis indicates that both countries can learn from each other in developing a more balanced criminal justice system that harmonizes public protection, legal certainty, rehabilitation, and respect for human rights. Ultimately, effective imprisonment policies require a proportional approach that balances deterrence, rehabilitation, and the protection of fundamental rights within a modern rule of law framework.
ANALISIS KOMPARATIF PENGATURAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM SISTEM HUKUM INDONESIA DAN TIMOR-LESTE Francisco Afonso Da Costa Lopes
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v10i2.995

Abstract

Di Indonesia, korupsi telah diakui sebagai kejahatan luar biasa yang merusak nilai-nilai demokrasi, supremasi hukum, dan perekonomian negara. Oleh karena itu, hal ini secara khusus diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Korupsi dan amandemennya, yang bertujuan untuk memberikan kekuatan hukum yang lebih efektif dan tegas dalam menangani kasus korupsi. Dalam undang-undang ini, korupsi didefinisikan sebagai tindakan melawan hukum untuk memperkaya diri sendiri, orang lain, atau korporasi yang merugikan keuangan negara atau perekonomian negara. Studi ini dilakukan dengan meneliti dan menganalisis berbagai peraturan hukum yang mengatur masalah korupsi di Indonesia dan Timor-Leste. Studi ini menganalisis pengaturan kejahatan korupsi dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 bersamaan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Korupsi di Indonesia dan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2020 tentang Langkah-Langkah Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Korupsi di Timor-Leste. Di Indonesia, peraturan hukum pidana mengenai korupsi telah berkembang dalam konteks pendekatan kejahatan luar biasa. Hal ini terlihat jelas dalam ketentuan khusus di luar KUHP, yang diatur oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 bersamaan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Korupsi. Peraturan ini mencakup korupsi secara mendalam, termasuk kerugian yang diderita.
IMPLEMENTASI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA RINGAN PADA ANAK DI INDONESIA Ebertwin Makar
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v10i2.1015

Abstract

Studi ini meneliti prinsip-prinsip keadilan restoratif dalam menyelesaikan kejahatan ringan yang melibatkan anak-anak di Indonesia. Dengan mengacu pada perkembangan historis keadilan restoratif, dari komunitas korban-pelaku pada tahun 1970-an dan penerapannya melalui pengalihan kasus anak di Indonesia pada awal tahun 2000-an hingga pemberlakuan Undang-Undang No. 11/2012 (SPPA) dan PERMA No. 4/2014, studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, empiris-yuridis terhadap mediasi, bantuan, dan faktor pendukung implementasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pengalihan dan restoratif memainkan peran penting dalam memulihkan hubungan antara korban, pelaku, dan masyarakat serta mengurangi beban catatan formal. Namun, implementasinya terhambat oleh keterbatasan fasilitator yang terlindungi, infrastruktur musyawarah, legitimasi hukum adat yang tidak selalu diakui, serta kompleksitas kasus dan tekanan sosial dalam kasus-kasus serius. Studi ini menyoroti perlunya memperkuat peraturan pelaksana, kapasitas fasilitator, pengakuan peran hukum adat sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip restoratif, dan langkah-langkah implementasi kasus yang tepat untuk melindungi hak-hak anak dan mencapai tujuan reintegrasi. Rekomendasi kebijakan ditujukan untuk meningkatkan dukungan dan sumber daya kelembagaan guna memastikan keberagaman yang efektif dan berorientasi pada pemulihan.
KRIMINALISASI BALAP LIAR SEBAGAI PENGGUNAAN RUANG PUBLIK SECARA MELAWAN HUKUM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA Pascal Timothy Massie
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v10i2.1016

Abstract

Illegal racing on the highway without a permit is a form of law violation that often occurs, which not only endangers individual safety, but also disrupts public order and damages the function of public spaces. This article aims to analyze the application of criminal law to perpetrators of illegal racing and examine the role of public space in the context of unlawful use. Based on Law no. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (LLAJ) and the Criminal Code (KUHP), illegal racing can be subject to criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment or fines. This research found that illegal racing can be categorized as an unlawful act that disrupts public order and endangers public safety. Law enforcement against illegal racing still faces a number of obstacles, including limited resources for law enforcement officers and a lack of official racing facilities. Therefore, preventive steps are needed in the form of increasing law enforcement, providing legal racing facilities, and educating the public to prevent further violations. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of more effective policies in dealing with the problem of illegal racing in Indonesia.
KEKOSONGAN HUKUM DEEPFAKE SEBAGAI ALAT KEJAHATAN DALAM SISTEM HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA Benediktus Budi Darmawan Wicaksono
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v10i2.1022

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence has led to the emergence of deepfake technology, which enables the manipulation of images, audio, and video in a highly realistic manner. While this technology offers benefits in creative industries and education, it also poses significant risks when misused for criminal purposes, such as fraud, defamation, identity theft, and political disinformation. This study aims to analyze the adequacy of Indonesian positive law in regulating deepfake as a tool of crime and to identify the existing legal gaps. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that existing regulations have not explicitly addressed deepfake technology, resulting in reliance on general legal interpretations. Legal gaps are identified in the absence of clear definitions, lack of digital forensic standards, and unclear liability frameworks involving multiple actors. Therefore, legal reform is necessary to ensure legal certainty and effective protection for society against emerging digital crimes.
Penguatan Hukum Adat Sebagai Upaya Perlindungan Lingkungan Hidup Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Yuli Petiwi Ningsih; Gunawan Hadi Purwanto
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v11i1.1059

Abstract

Abstract Customary law (adat law) constitutes a living legal system that has evolved within Indonesian society and embodies the values of local wisdom. In the context of environmental protection, customary law plays a significant role in regulating the sustainable use of natural resources through customary norms, values, and sanctions observed by indigenous communities. Although constitutionally recognized, the implementation of customary law within Indonesia's national legal system continues to encounter various challenges, including regulatory inconsistencies, limited legal recognition of indigenous peoples, and the inadequate integration of local wisdom into environmental governance. This study aims to analyze the status and legal position of customary law within Indonesia's national legal system and to examine strategies for strengthening customary law in supporting environmental protection based on local wisdom. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, supported by library research and qualitative legal analysis. The findings indicate that strengthening customary law requires regulatory harmonization, stronger legal recognition and protection of indigenous peoples and their customary territories, institutional reinforcement of customary governance, and the incorporation of local wisdom into environmental protection and management policies. These measures are expected to strengthen Indonesia's national legal system while promoting sustainable development and ecological justice.
Kewenangan Rumah Sakit Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Merujuk Pasien Ke Rumah Sakit Yang Tidak Disetujui Keluarga Pasien Rahmadi Mulyo Widianto; Sekaring Ayumeida Kusnadi
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v11i1.1065

Abstract

This study examines the legal dilemma faced by private hospitals not yet partnered with Indonesia’s national health insurance (BPJS Kesehatan) when referring critically ill patients whose families reject the recommended referral hospital after their preferred facility reaches full capacity. It analyzes the legal authority and legal protection available to hospitals in making referral decisions without family consent, and repositions that authority within the current legal framework following Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, which revoked Law No. 44 of 2009 on Hospitals. Using normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach grounded in authority theory (attribution, delegation, mandate), the study finds that hospitals hold attributive authority to refer patients once they perform patient stabilization, inter-facility communication, and referral documentation as required by Article 14 paragraph (4) of Minister of Health Regulation No. 4 of 2018, a provision that remains valid as an implementing regulation despite the enactment of Law No. 17 of 2023. Hospitals that comply with this procedure are legally protected under Article 193 of Law No. 17 of 2023, while families who reject a medically and administratively appropriate referral must bear the resulting costs or independently file a reimbursement claim with BPJS Kesehatan.
Analisis Pengaruh Dari Overbelasting Terhadap Penegakan Hukum Pidana Pada Polda Yogyakarta Felia Hermayenti
SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Darma Cendika Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37477/sev.v11i1.1069

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with numerous laws and regulations governing various sectors of public life. Most of these regulations contain criminal sanctions as an enforcement instrument, resulting in a growing number of acts potentially categorized as criminal offenses. This situation also encourages high public enthusiasm for reporting various acts deemed unlawful to law enforcement officials. The numerous criminal provisions scattered across various laws and regulations, coupled with the high volume of public reports, ultimately have the potential to create an excessive workload (overload) for police officers as law enforcers, which is feared to have an impact on reducing the effectiveness and quality of law enforcement itself. Based on these problems, this research was designed to answer three problem formulations.First, is it true that there has been an excessive workload at the Yogyakarta Regional Police (Polda)?Second, to what extent does the excessive workload affect the quality of law enforcement carried out by the police.Third, what factors cause this excessive workload. To answer these three research questions, this study uses an empirical legal research method, with the research location being the Yogyakarta Regional Police.

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