cover
Contact Name
Jurnal Hukum
Contact Email
legalitas.unbari@gmail.com
Phone
+6285266065048
Journal Mail Official
legalitas.unbari@gmail.com
Editorial Address
Jl. Slamet Ryadi, Kec. Telanaipura, Broni, Kodepos: 36122, Phone: 0741-667084
Location
Kota jambi,
Jambi
INDONESIA
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum
ISSN : 20850212     EISSN : 25978861     DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.33087/legalitas
Core Subject : Social,
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum is a peer-reviewed open access journal that aims to share and discuss current issues and research results. This journal is published by Center for Law Research and Development, Master of Law Program, Batanghari University, Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum contains research results, review articles, scientific studies from legal practitioners academics covering various fields of legal science, criminal law, civil law, administrative law, constitutional law, law Islamic business and law and other fields of study relating to law in the broadest sense. This journal is published twice a year, in June and December.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 336 Documents
Perlindungan Hukum Korban Penipuan Transaksi Jual Beli Online Melalui Pidana Tambahan Ganti Kerugian Dalam Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik Nyimas Enny Fitriya Wardhany; Iman Hidayat
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 17, No 2 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v17i2.1260

Abstract

As a form of the state's commitment in responding to the development of information and communication technology, which has given rise to various forms of cybercrime, including fraud in online buying and selling transactions, the government enacted Law Number 19 of 2016 as an amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law). This regulation serves as the main legal basis for combating crimes arising from the use of electronic systems, particularly online transaction fraud, which is governed by Article 28 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 45A paragraph (1) of the ITE Law. However, in practice, the ITE Law focuses more on punishing the perpetrators and does not yet provide comprehensive regulation regarding the protection of victims, especially concerning the provision of compensation in the form of restitution. Research results indicate that in various court decisions concerning online sales fraud cases, judges generally only impose the main criminal penalty on the perpetrators without ordering restitution payments to the victims. This is closely related to the fact that restitution is still considered optional within the Indonesian criminal law system, as reflected in the provisions of Articles 98–101 of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and Article 1365 of the Civil Code (KUHPerdata), as well as the limitation of restitution to certain criminal acts under the Witness and Victim Protection Law. In fact, restitution is an important instrument in realizing restorative justice, which focuses on compensating the victims. Therefore, regulating restitution as a mandatory additional penalty under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) becomes urgent to ensure that victims’ rights are fulfilled fairly and proportionately within the criminal justice system
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Pembakaran Lahan di Wilayah Tanjung Jabung Barat Edi Purnawan; Suzanalisa Suzanalisa; Sahabuddin Sahabuddin
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 17, No 2 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v17i2.1228

Abstract

Indonesia adalah negara yang berdasarkan atas hukum, yang bermakna bahwa Negara Indonesia adalah Negara hukum sebagaimana tertuang di dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia (UUD NRI) Tahun 1945 Pasal 1 Ayat (3). Hukum memiliki arti penting dalam setiap aspek kehidupan, pedoman tingkah laku manusia dalam hubungannya dengan manusia yang lain, dan hukum yang mengatur segala kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk memahami dan menganalisis pertanggung jawaban pidana terhadap pelaku pembakaran lahan di wilayah Tanjung Jabung Barat. Untuk memahami dan menganalisis dampak hukum dari pelaku pembakaran lahan di wilayah di wilayah Tanjung Jabung Barat. Spesifikasi penelitian ini adalah penelitian Deskriptif Analitis. Di dalam penulisan Tesis ini penulis gunakan tipe penelitian Yuridis Empiris, sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Socio-Legal Research. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara Purposive Sampling. Pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap pelaku pembakaran lahan di wilayah Tanjung Jabung Barat yang dimana terdakwa dinyatakan bersalah, dan kepada terdakwa harus dijatuhi pidana yang setimpal dengan perbuatannya yang ancamannya menurut 50 Ayat (3) huruf d dan Pasal 78 Ayat (3) Undang Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 tentang Kehutanan pelaku tersebut diancam dengan pidana penjara paling lama 15 tahun dan denda paling banyak Rp.5.000.000.000,00 (lima miliar rupiah). Tetapi dalam perkara ini terdakwa dijatuhi pidana penjara selama 1 (satu) tahun dan denda sejumlah Rp.1.000.000.000,00.- (satu miliar rupiah) dengan ketentuan apabila denda tersebut tidak dibayar diganti dengan pidana kurungan selama 3 (tiga) bulan berdasarkan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kuala Tungkal Nomor 194/Pid.B/LH/2023/PN Klt. Dampak kebakaran lahan kemungkinan besar adalah kerugian seperti (1) Kerugian Material (2) Korban Jiwa (3) Memusnahkan Flora Dan Fauna(3) Musnahnya Satwa Langka (4) Rusaknya Tumbuh-tumbuhan (5) Kekurangan Pangan (6) Pencemaran Lingkungan (7) Kurangnya Cadangan Air Bersih (8) Potensi Terjadi Tanah Longsor Meningkat (9) Pemanasan Global. Saran yang dikemukakan hendaknya Selain aparat penegak hukum, perlunya kerjasama dengan masyarakat setempat atau perangkat desa untuk melakukan himbauan, sosialisasi terkait dampak dari aksi pembakaran lahan tersebut
Analisis Fungsi Pengawasan DPRD Terhadap Kinerja Pemerintah Daerah Kota Jambi Dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah Elvy Marlina; Nazifah Nazifah; M Muslih
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 17, No 2 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v17i2.1229

Abstract

Pemerintahan daerah merupakan garda terdepan dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik dan pembangunan di Indonesia. Desentralisasi kekuasaan yang diamanatkan oleh konstitusi bertujuan untuk mendekatkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat, mempercepat pembangunan, dan meningkatkan partisipasi lokal. Dalam konteks ini, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) memegang peranan krusial sebagai representasi rakyat di tingkat lokal, dengan salah satu fungsi utamanya adalah pengawasan terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah. Fungsi pengawasan ini menjadi fundamental untuk memastikan akuntabilitas, transparansi, efektivitas, dan efisiensi jalannya roda pemerintahan. Kinerja pemerintah daerah seharusnya mendapat perhatian lebih, bukan hanya pemerintah pusat saja yang menyorotinya, namun hal tersebut juga dilakukan oleh masyarakat setempat karena berkaitan dengan manfaat yang akan diterima masyarakat untuk mendapatkan kesejahteraan. Kinerja pemerintah daerah harus bisa dipertanggungjawabkan, mengingat bahwa pemerintah daerah berhak, berkewajiban dan memiliki wewenang untuk mengatur dan mengurus sendiri urusan pemerintahan dan kepentingan masyarakat setempat. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu : untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pelaksanaan efektivitas fungsi pengawasan DPRD Kota Jambi terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah berdasarkan Pasal 153 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014, untuk mengetahui kendala apa saja yang dihadapi DPRD Kota Jambi dalam menjalankan fungsi pengawasan terhadap kebijakan dan program pemerintah daerah, serta bagaimana solusi yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengawasan sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan teknik yuridis sosiologis (empiris). Hasil penelitian yang didapat bahwa secara normatif DPRD telah memiliki landasan hukum yang kuat sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 153 Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Dalam ketentuan tersebut, DPRD memiliki fungsi utama, salah satunya adalah fungsi pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan peraturan daerah dan kebijakan pemerintah daerah. Dalam praktiknya, fungsi pengawasan yang dilakukan DPRD Kota Jambi telah berjalan, namun efektivitasnya masih menghadapi beberapa kendala, antara lain : keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, akses data dan informasi yang belum sepenuhnya terbuka, koordinasi yang belum optimal antara DPRD dan pemerintah daerah, serta pengaruh dinamika politik lokal yang kadang mengaburkan objektivitas pengawasan. Dengan demikian, agar fungsi pengawasan DPRD terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah dapat berjalan secara lebih efektif dan sesuai dengan semangat desentralisasi serta prinsip tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik (good governance) perlu adanya komitmen bersama antara legislatif dan eksekutif untuk membangun sistem pengwasan yang terbuka, partisipatif dan berorientasi pada pelayanan publik. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan maka saran yang disampaikan adalah perlu adanya penguatan fungsi pengawasan DPRD terhadap kinerja Pemerintah Daerah dalam mewujudkan pemerintahan yang baik di DPRD Kota Jambi, agar apa yang menjadi cita-cita daerah dapat terlaksana dengan baik berkaitan dengan penerapan good governance. Upaya penguatan fungsi pengawasan DPRD dapat diwujudkan dengan melakukan penataan regulasi terkait dengan pelaksanaan fungsi DPRD sebagai bagian dari pemerintahan di daerah yang memiliki fungsi dan peran yang strategis dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan peraturan daerah, penggunaan anggaran dan kebijakan pemerintah daerah dan upaya penguatan fungsi pengawasan DPRD juga dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia anggota DPRD, hasil dari peningkatan kualitas dapat diukur dari seberapa besar peran DPRD dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap Kepala Daerah dalam pelaksanaan peraturan daerah, pelaksanaan anggaran dan kebijakan publik yang telah ditetapkan.
Modus Operandi Penipuan Online Melalui Aplikasi Shopee Pay Later (Nomor Perkara: LP/B-35/II/2025/SPKT Studi Kasus Di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Daerah Jambi) Riyan Febiyan; Suzanalisa Suzanalisa; Sarbaini Sarbaini
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v18i1.1390

Abstract

Advancements in information technology have brought about significant changes in our lives; notably, this technology enables people to purchase goods more easily than ever before. This study aims to examine the law enforcement actions taken by the Jambi Regional Police against perpetrators of online fraud involving the Shopee PayLater service, the obstacles encountered during such enforcement, and the measures the Jambi Regional Police can implement to overcome these challenges. This is an empirical study. The findings indicate that the Jambi Regional Police have conducted law enforcement actions based on sufficient evidence, establishing that the suspects met the elements of criminal offenses as stipulated in Articles 378, 379a, and 372 of the Criminal Code (KUHP). However, these enforcement efforts face various obstacles, including the absence of specific regulations regarding the misuse of "paylater" services, difficulties in establishing electronic evidence, a shortage of personnel with expertise in cybercrime, and coordination challenges with digital platform providers. Furthermore, low levels of digital literacy and public legal awareness exacerbate the risk of fraud. To address these obstacles, the Jambi Regional Police need to undertake strategic measures, such as formulating specific Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), enhancing investigator capacity through cybercrime training, optimizing digital forensic facilities, and strengthening cross-sector cooperation.
Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Praktik Penggelapan Pajak Oleh Badan Usaha (Studi Pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Kuala Tungkal) Hisbah Hisbah; Nur Anisah
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v18i1.1300

Abstract

Tax is a mandatory contribution to the state that is mandatory and must be paid by every taxpayer in accordance with the provisions of the laws and regulations. Tax evasion is an attempt made by taxpayers, in this case business entities, to reduce or avoid their tax obligations by means that violate the law. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of criminal law enforcement against tax evasion by business entities at the Kuala Tungkal Pratama Tax Service Office, identify the obstacles faced by the tax authorities in the disclosure process, and examine the efforts made by the tax authorities in uncovering and overcoming tax evasion practices by business entities. The method used in this study is an empirical juridical research method. Data collection in this study was conducted through interviews. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that criminal law enforcement against tax evasion by business entities at the Kuala Tungkal Pratama Tax Service Office is running systematically from supervision to investigation, although hampered by limited technical human resources, asset tracking, and inter-agency coordination. The tax authorities face complex, interrelated challenges, thus weakening the recovery of state losses. Preventive efforts through socialization and synergy, as well as repressive efforts via inspections, build formal-material compliance in a sustainable manner
Penyelundupan Bibit Lobster (Benur) Melalui Jalur Lintas Perairan Tanjung Jabung Barat Dalam Perspektif Kriminologis Haryo Baskoro; Ferdricka Nggeboe; S Sahabuddin
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v18i1.1386

Abstract

Poor lobster control or overfishing has led to a decline in the productivity of aquatic resources and renewable resources. Management that follows sustainability principles can increase the chances of breeding adults, maintain a minimum number of adults in each area, and improve habitats, thus boosting conservation and yields. However, in practice, this is hard to achieve because of the limited time to monitor the slow development and growth of lobsters, and it conflicts with regulations like licensing and law enforcement. The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the factors causing the smuggling of lobster seeds (juvenile lobsters) through the waterways of Tanjung Jabung Barat. It aims to understand and identify the modus operandi of smuggling lobster seeds through these waterways. Additionally, it seeks to understand and analyze the obstacles in uncovering lobster seed smuggling in the Tanjung Jabung Barat waterways and the efforts to overcome them. The specification of this study is Analytical Descriptive research. In writing this thesis, the author uses the Empirical Juridical research type. The research approach employed is Socio-Legal Research. The factors causing the smuggling of lobster seeds through the Tanjung Jabung Barat waterway include basic needs like clothing and food, as well as economic needs. The modus operandi used by perpetrators to smuggle lobster seeds includes using private cars to transport them to company cargo ships or passenger ships. The obstacles in uncovering lobster seed smuggling through the Tanjung Jabung Barat waterway include (a) Internal factors and (b) External factors. The efforts to tackle lobster seed smuggling involve measures that are Pre-Emptive, Preventive, and Repressive. It is suggested that the Police should prioritize firm and repressive actions so that those who smuggle lobster seeds through waterways get a deterrent effect.
Problematika Waktu Tunggu Hukuman Mati di Indonesia Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang dan Hak Asasi Manusia Ananda Fajar Subakhti; Ilham Kurniawan Dartias
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v18i1.1391

Abstract

The large number of death row inmates in Indonesia who are awaiting execution has raised significant public concern. This concern arises from the perception that the prolonged delay in carrying out death sentences is inconsistent with the principles of human rights. Individuals who have been lawfully sentenced to death by a final and binding court judgment are also required to endure prolonged imprisonment while awaiting execution. Consequently, death row inmates are perceived as serving two forms of punishment simultaneously: imprisonment and capital punishment. In practice, the phenomenon of the death row waiting period extends beyond the time required for the exhaustion of legal remedies and/or the submission of petitions for presidential clemency. Rather, the prolonged waiting period has evolved into a distinct form of punishment for death row inmates. During this period, inmates frequently experience inhumane treatment resulting from overcrowded correctional facilities and the State’s failure to adequately guarantee their fundamental rights. The State's omission in providing basic necessities, maintaining correctional institutions within reasonable capacity, preventing ill-treatment, safeguarding the physical and mental health of inmates, and ensuring legal certainty regarding the timing of executions—often allowing inmates to remain on death row for decades—places such individuals in conditions that are incompatible with the principles of humanity and human dignity. Accordingly, this study seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon of the death row waiting period in Indonesia and to examine the appropriate responses expected from both the Executive and the Legislature in order to prevent prolonged uncertainty for inmates awaiting the execution of capital punishment.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Diversi Bagi Anak Yang Berhadapan Dengan Hukum di Pengadilan Negeri Kelas IA Jambi Triamy Rostarum; Dedy Syaputra; Ahmad Dani
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v18i1.1369

Abstract

Diversion in the juvenile criminal justice system is an obligation that must be pursued at every stage of the legal process, starting from investigations by the police, prosecution by the prosecutor's office, to examinations in court as mandated in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the implementation of diversion for children in conflict with the law at the Class IA Jambi District Court and to identify and analyze factors that support and hinder the effectiveness of the implementation of diversion at the court level at the Class IA Jambi District Court. The method used in this study is the empirical juridical research method. Data collection in this study was carried out through interviews and document reviews. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the implementation of diversion at the Class IA Jambi District Court has been carried out in accordance with the principles of restorative justice as mandated by Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. In general, the implementation of diversion at the Class IA Jambi District Court has been effective, marked by the successful resolution of several cases through peaceful agreements, including apologies, commitments not to repeat the offense, and acceptance from the victim. Supporting factors include the availability of a strong legal basis, active participation of the victim's and perpetrator's families, commitment from judges and court officials, an appropriate and sensitive approach to children, and the perpetrator's good intentions to correct mistakes. Factors hindering the implementation of diversion include crimes that carry a sentence of more than 7 years, repeat offenses, perpetrators not meeting the age requirements stipulated in the Child Protection Act (UU SPPA), and the failure to reach an agreement between the parties.
Efektivitas Hukum Pendamping Saksi Pada Proses Penyelidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Polda Jambi Angga Marchilino; Nuraini Zahman; Fatriansyah Fatriansyah
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v18i1.1387

Abstract

In principle, the status of witnesses during the preliminary investigation stage is governed by the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). To be designated as a witness, an individual must meet specific criteria; essentially, a witness is someone who has directly heard, personally seen, or personally experienced an event or criminal case. This study aims to examine and analyze the implementation of witness assistance during the preliminary investigation of corruption cases at the Jambi Regional Police (Polda Jambi), as well as the obstacles encountered in this process. The study employs an empirical juridical—or socio-legal—research method, gathering data from primary sources. The findings indicate that witness assistance during the preliminary investigation of corruption cases at Polda Jambi plays a strategic role in safeguarding witness rights and ensuring that law enforcement proceeds in accordance with the principles of justice, legal certainty, and respect for human rights. During the preliminary investigation stage—which is both initial and sensitive—witnesses are often in a vulnerable position, particularly if they share a structural or hierarchical relationship with the suspected perpetrator. The presence of legal counsel serves to provide legal protection, ensure that testimony is given freely without coercion, and oversee the examination process to ensure compliance with criminal procedural law and the principles of due process. However, the implementation of witness assistance still faces various obstacles. Structural obstacles are evident in the weak coordination between institutions and the absence of an integrated Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for assisting witnesses in corruption cases from the preliminary investigation stage onwards. Substantive obstacles arise from the inconsistent application of the right to witness assistance and limited funding for legal aid. Cultural obstacles relate to the perspectives of law enforcement officials and a culture of fear among witnesses, while technical obstacles include limited examination facilities and complex protection procedures involving the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK).
Eksistensi Kekuatan Eksekutorial Bagi Kreditur Pemegang Sertifikat Jaminan Fidusia Dalam Perspektif Kepastian Hukum Di Indonesia Herdiansyah Herdiansyah; M Khodadan Ryan Keano; Novia Sartika
Legalitas: Jurnal Hukum Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/legalitas.v18i1.1392

Abstract

Fiduciary security constitutes one of the proprietary security institutions that plays an important role in supporting financing activities in Indonesia. Under Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Security, a Fiduciary Security Certificate possesses executorial title having the same legal force as a final and binding court judgment. However, Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019 and Constitutional Court Decision Number 2/PUU-XIX/2021 have significantly altered the execution mechanism of fiduciary collateral objects. This study aims to analyze the existence of executorial power held by creditors possessing Fiduciary Security Certificates following the Constitutional Court decisions and to examine their implications for legal certainty in Indonesia. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The results indicate that although the executorial title of Fiduciary Security Certificates remains legally recognized, its execution has been restricted through requirements concerning agreement on default and voluntary surrender of collateral by debtors. This condition has shifted the paradigm of fiduciary execution and affected the effectiveness of legal protection for creditors while simultaneously creating legal certainty issues within financing practices. Therefore, regulatory harmonization is required to balance the protection of creditors’ and debtors’ rights in order to realize equitable legal certainty.