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MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan
Published by Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 18299237     EISSN : 27212955     DOI : 10.26499
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Artikel dari hasil penelitian maupun kajian kebahasaan dan kesastraan, baik bahasa/sastra Indonesia, bahasa/sastra daerah, bahasa/sastra asing maupun pembelajaran bahasa/sastra Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Linguistik dan Bahasa
Articles 251 Documents
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PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA PADA ANAK USIA 2-3 TAHUN MELALUI METODE BERNYANYI DI PAUD NUR INSANI PIYAMAN, WONOSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL Julananda Putri Sahasti
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 16, No 2 (2018): Medan Makna Desember
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v16i2.845

Abstract

Language is the main means of communication in human life in this world either in written form, oral and which is only a certain symbol. Without human language can not communicate because humans are social beings who inevitably have to interact with other humans. Language acquisition in humans begins with children when learning to speak. Language acquisition in each child is not the same, according to his age. In this research will be studied the acquisition of child language on phonology, morphology, and syntax aspects. This research uses qualitative research method with naturalistic technique. Sources of data in this study are the students of class A PAUD Nur Insani, Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul. The purpose of this study are: 1) explain the acquisition of phonology of children aged 2-3 years in early childhood Nur Insani Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul; 2) explain the acquisition of morphology of children aged 2-3 years in early childhood Nur Insani Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul; and 3) describes the acquisition of syntactics of children aged 2-3 years in early childhood Nur Insani Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul.
PERGESERAN BAHASA: PADA MASYARAKAT SUMATERA UTARA T. Syarfina; Sahril Nfm
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Vol. 15, No. 2, Desember 2017
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v15i2.1178

Abstract

This research is to describe language shift. The method used is qualitative method. The theory used in this research is the sociolinguistic theory of Ronald Wardaugh, Janet Holmes, R.A.Hudson, and Ralph Fasold. The location of the research was conducted in North Sumatera Province. In terms of seeing language shifts, researchers take data from multiple sources. The results of the analysis of the occurrence of language shift is due to the attitude of language, code transfer, code mix, and the tendency to use foreign terms.
SAPAAN HONOROFIK UNTUK “ORANG TUA’ BERDASARKAN JARAK SOSIAL DALAM BAHASA BANJAR Rissari Yayuk
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 13, No 2 (2015): Vol. 13, No. 2, Desember 2015
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v13i2.1212

Abstract

The title of this research is honorofik Greetings to the "parent" based on social distance in Bahasa Banjar. Issues raised is how to use a form of greeting honorofik "Parent" in Banjar and how to use the greeting based on social distance in Banjar language. This study is intended to descriptive honorofik greetings to the "parent" by social distance in Bahasa Banjar type is descriptive qualitative research. Techniques used in data collection and documentation is recording technique. researchers took three areas that are considered to represent that Banjar Regency, Banjarbaru and Banjarmasin. Time data capture for six months, namely January 1, 2015 sd March 1 2015. The studies suggest the use of a form of greeting honorofik intention to "parent" contained in the Banjar people from within the community Banjar include greeting old Anggah'Orang Datu ', Datu'Datu', Kai'kakek '/ nini'nenek', Abah'Bapak '/ mama'Ibu'. The use of a form of greeting is realized based on the social scale consists of two things, which consists of 1) Use of Greetings Based Social Relations in Society 2) Use of Greetings Based on Age in Family Relations.
LEKSIKOSTATISTIK DAN GLOTOKRONOLOGI BAHASA BATAK: HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BAHASA BATAK DIALEK TOBA, SIMALUNGUN, MANDAILING DAN KARO Wartono Wartono
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Medan Makna
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v11i1.820

Abstract

Abstract :Language genetic relationship is a study of the linguistics historic comparative. Bataknese has several dialects such as Toba, Mandailing, Simalungun, and Karo. Using quantative method, the four dialects language relationship are predicted using lexicostatistics technique. In lexicostatistics, language genetic is seen based on sounds similarity in lexicon in those languages. Phonetic similarity will be based whether a word in a language has correlation with other language. 200 Swadesh base vocabolaries is used as indicator to determine cognate words. Using Crowley tehnique finds that the time separated among the four dialects is in a family level. Another findings, Mandailing is a dialect proto from the four dialects. Based on glotocronology technique that time seperated of the four dialects is 1000-2000s years ago that means those dialects has existed since 205 BC 934 M. This dialect migrates from Mandailing to Toba then Simalungun and Karo. Language migration shows one chain of language migration.Keywords: language genetic, lexicostatistics, time seperated, language age, language migrationAbstrak :Hubungan Kekerabatan Bahasa adalah merupakan kajian linguistik historis komparatif. Bahasa Batak mempunyai beberapa dialek diantaranya Toba, Mandailing, Simalungun, dan Karo. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif hubungan kekerabatan keempat dialek tersebut dihitung secara leksikostatistik. Dalam leksikostatistik, kekerabatan bahasa dilihat berdasarkan persamaan bunyi-bunyi yang ada dalam leksikon yang muncul pada bahasa-bahasa tersebut. Kemiripan secara fonetis ini akan menjadi dasar apakah sebuah kata dalam satu bahasa memiliki hubungan dengan bahasa yang lain. Indikator yang digunakan untuk menentukan kata berkerabat adalah kosa kata dasar yang disebut kosa kata dasar Swadesh yang berjumlah dua ratus kosa kata yang dianggap ada pada semua bahasa di dunia. Dengan menggunakan cara Crowley diperoleh hasil bahwa hubungan kekerabatan keempat dialek tersebut adalah dalam satu keluarga. Diketahui juga bahwa Mandailing merupakan dialek proto dari keempat dialek yang ada. Diperoleh hasil berdasarkan penghitungan glotokronologi bahwa waktu pisah keempat dialek ini terjadi antara 1000-2000an tahun yang lalu yang berarti dialek tersebut sudah ada sejak tahun 205SM sampai 934M. Dialek ini bermigrasi dari Mandailing ke Toba lalu ke Simalungun dan Karo. Arah Migrasi menunjukkan satu mata rantai migrasi bahasa.Kata kunci: kekerabatan, leksikostatistik, waktu pisah, usia bahasa, migrasi bahasa
HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BAHASA BATAK MANDAILING DAN BAHASA TANAH ULU (SUATU KAJIAN LINGUISTIK HISTORIS KOMPARATIF) Sri Dalimunthe
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 16, No 1 (2018): Medan Makna Juni
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v16i1.2276

Abstract

Bahasa Batak Mandailing dan Bahasa Tanah Ulu adalah dua bahasa yang dituturkan di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Bahasa Tanah Ulu (BTU) khususnya dituturkan di Kecamatan Muarasipongi dan bahasa Batak Mandailing (BBM) umumnya dituturkan di hampir semua wilayah Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Kecamatan Muarasipongi berbatasan langsung dengan Provinsi Sumatera Barat, jadi BTU dipengaruhi oleh bahasa Minangkabau (bahasa di Provinsi Sumatera Barat). Penutur BTU bisa berbahasa Minangkabau dan BBM, tetapi penutur BBM dan bahasa Minangkabau tidak mengerti BTU. Hal tersebut membuat peneliti menganalisis bagaimana hubungan kekerabatan BBM dan BTU. Seberapa jauh tingkat kekerabatan kedua bahasa tersebut akan dijelaskan melalui teknik perbandingan dan teknik penghitungan waktu pisah kedua bahasa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode komparatif dengan teknik leksikostatistik yang berupaya membandingkan kedua bahasa tersebut untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan keduanya. Dengan menggunakan 200 kosakata dasar Swadesh sebagai bahan analisis, ditemukan kesamaan leksikon keduanya sekitar 35%. Dari jumlah persentase kekerabatan tersebut dikelompokkan bahwa BBM dan BTU adalah keluarga dari satu rumpun. Selanjutnya, dihitung waktu pisah kedua bahasa yang dibandingkan dan hasilnya adalah 2.419. Artinya, BBM dan BTU adalah bahasa yang berkerabat dan merupakan satu bahasa yang sama sekitar 2419 tahun yang lalu atau sekitar tahun 401 Sebelum Masehi (dihitung dari tahun 2018), sebelum akhirnya berpisah.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dan Prinsip Saling Tenggang Rasa (PSTR) dalam Stand up Comedy Raditya Dika Dian Syahfitri
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 12, No 1 (2014): Medan Makna
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v12i1.1019

Abstract

Stand up Comedy is an artful comedy which is individually delivered directly in front of the spectators. Further, Stand up Comedy is part of humor. This research is purposed to describe the types of speech act illocution including with the Principle of Mutual Consideration (PMC) realized within the Stand up Comedy delivered by Raditya Dika. He is a writer and also known as a comic. Some phases of methods were conducted in completing the research; gathering the data, analyzing the data based on its function through contextual method. Then, data were studied and analyzed by conducting pragmatics theories those were theory of speech act and PMC. Based on the analysis, the utterances within Stand up Comedy delivered by Raditya Dika can be concluded into some significant findings, namely illocutionary speech acts were found that consists of five kinds of speech acts; representative, directive, expressive, comissive, and declarative. Moreover, PMC in the form of harm potential was also found in the analysis.
KETOPRAK DOR SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA JAWA PERANTAUAN DI SUMATERA UTARA Suyadi nfm
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Vol. 14, No. 1, Juni 2016
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v14i1.1169

Abstract

Ketoprak dor is a product of local indigenous culture of North Sumatra. This theater is derived from the existing Ketoprak art in Java. Ketoprak brought from Java is adapted and tailored to the local culture. Ketoprak dor was originally born in Simalungun, then developed in Tanah Deli as Tebingtinggi, Deliserdang, Medan, Binjai, Langkat, former East Sumatra and the peninsula. Based on this, the authors conducted a series of studies on the content and form of theater that never surfaced among Java, North Sumatra overseas. This study authors do since mid- 2009 until November 2013. Overview semiotic writers do to memermudah tracking and the description of Ketoprak dor in the province of North Sumatra Overview semiotic writers do to facilitate the tracking and the description of Ketoprak dor in the province of North Sumatra. Through this approach the authors to describe the content and form of Ketoprak dor. Therefore, this approach not only in terms of analyzing Ketoprak dor text (literature) but also contextually (the show). Of research by the author mentions, bam Ketoprak offerings is actually still survive and exist. However, the show is no longer the ancient times as often when there are weddings, circumcision and the celebration of 17's who often perceive kethoprak dor, now seen occasionally, now seen occasionally. Ketoprak dor is actually no longer belong only to Java, but it has belonged to the Malays Deli. The Javanese are easily adaptable plus the Malays who will receive large capital openness into the acculturation process.
SASTRA DAERAH BANJAR DAN MASALAH KEBHINEKAAN Saefuddin Nfn
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Vol. 14, No. 2, Desember 2016
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v14i2.1203

Abstract

Banjar local literature is a local literature that produced by Banjar society in South Kalimantan. It can be make closer relationship among tribes, customs, cultures from all people in Indonesia that exists in Banjar society, South Kalimantan. A study about unity and diversity of Banjar local literature is an effort to strengthen NKRI (Republic of Indonesia). It is important because Indonesia chooses language as its national identity united from diversity including local literature and its development that becomes the frame of Indonesian unity in the form of unity in diversityness. The method which is used in this paper is analytic descriptive. It is hoped that this paper exposes Banjar local literature in South Kalimantan as a part of Indonesian literature in the form of unity in diversityness.
Meretas Budaya Masyarakat Batak Toba dalam Cerita Sigalegale Nurelide Nurelide
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 5, No 1 (2008): Medan Makna
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v5i1.802

Abstract

Sastra lisan pada hakekatnya adalah tradisi yang dimiliki oleh sekelompok masyarakat tertentu. Keberadaannya diakui, bahkan sangat dekat dengan kelompok masyarakat yang memilikinya. Dalam sastra lisan, isi ceritanya seringkali mengungkapkan keadaan sosial budaya masyarakat yang melahirkan. Biasanya sastra lisan berisi berupa gambaran latar sosial, budaya, serta sistem kepercayaan. Kebudayaan masyarakat Batak Toba dengan sistem patrilinealnya, sistem kepercayaan, serta kesenian tergambar dalam cerita Sigale-gale.Fokus kajian yang dibahas adalah bagaimanakah konsep kebudayaan masyarakat Batak Toba yang terdapat dalam cerita SGG. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah antropologi sastra, dengan memanfaatkan teori kebudayaan untuk menganalisis konsep kebudayaan masyarakat Batak Toba yang terdapat dalam cerita SGG.Hasil penelitian cerita SGG ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Batak Toba di Samosir mengungkapkan bahwa tujuan hidup yang utama masyarakat Batak Toba pada zaman dahulu, yaitu setiap orang berkeinginan mencapai hamoraon (kekayaan), hagabeon (keturunan) dan hasangapon (kehormatan). Khusus mengenai tujuan hidup untuk mendapat berkat melalui keturunan (hagabeon) itu, dalam pandangan masyarakat Batak tradisional bahwa memiliki banyak anak adalah sangat penting. Bagi masyarakat Batak Toba yang menganut sistem kekerabatan patrilineal. Anak laki-laki memiliki arti penting di dalam kehidupan keluarga. Keluarga yang tidak memiliki anak laki-laki diibaratkan sebatang pohon yang tidak memiliki akar. Setiap anak laki-laki mempunyai kewajiban mengurus dan meneruskan kelangsungan hidup keluarga. Masyarakat Batak menginginkan kematian yang ideal menurut adat kematian, yang dicita-citakan oleh setiap anggota masyarakat Batak Toba, yaitu berusia lanjut, beranak, bercucu, bercicit, dan berbuyut. Semua keturunanannya gabe (banyak keturunan) dan maduma (hidup sejahtera), tidak ada cacat dan celanya. Kematian itu disebut saurmatua.Kata kunci: Kebudayaan tradisional Batak Toba, struktural, makna budaya
KEMAMPUAN APRESIASI SASTRA SISWA SMA DI KOTA MEDAN Rehan Halilah Lubis; Nurelide Nurelide
MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan Vol 17, No 2 (2019): Medan Makna Desember
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/mm.v17i2.2139

Abstract

Literary learning systems have not used the ability to appreciate literature. Many teachers who teach literature only based on knowledge about teaching and learning activities feel monotonous and boring.In the 2013 curriculum, the literature learning system is always for students to appreciate literature based on literary text. Students ability to appreciate literary works is hoped to increase due to the application of the 2013 curriculum. However, there are so many students who have not been able to do it. The purpose of this research to find out the ability to appreciate student literature.theobjectives of the research method was carried out using quantitative descriptive method with a sample of 55 students from 3 schools in Medan City. The data collection technique is done by tests. Students are asked to answer questions about short stories entitled 'JuruMasak. The test refers to the students’ ability to understand literature based on the elements of literature and understand the use of language through literary work. The results of this study indicate that the average value of students' literary appreciation amounts to 88,465 and can be said to be good. While the value of the ability to understand language through literary works the value of the average ability to understand students' language amounts to 66,465. The value of 66,465 shows the results of the ability to understand student language quite well and still need to be improved

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