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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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PENGARUH JUMLAH RUAS DAN PANJANG BATANG TERHADAP VIABILITASB ENIH SERAI W ANGI (Cy mpobogon nardus L.) SUKARMAN, SUKARMAN; SESWITA, D.; MELATI, MELATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 3 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n3.2015.139-144

Abstract

ABSTRAKPengembangan   serai   wangi  memerlukan   ketersediaan   benih bermutu. Sampai saat ini, informasi standar mutu benih serai wangi masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas benih serai wangi dengan jumlah ruas dan panjang batang yang berbeda sebagai dasar penyusunan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) dari Mei sampai Juni 2013 dengan menggunakan benih serai wangi klon G 2. Percobaan disusun secara faktorial dengan tiga faktor dan diulang empat kali dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Faktor pertama adalah jumlah ruas stolon: (1) satu dan (2) dua. Faktor kedua adalah ukuran panjang batang semu: (1)15, (2) 20, dan (3) 25 cm. Faktor ketiga adalah periode penyimpanan: (1) 0, (2) 3, (3) 6, (4) 9, dan (5) 12 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air, daya tumbuh, serta bobot basah dan kering.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan viabilitas  benih  serai  wangi dipengaruhi oleh jumlah ruas stolon dan panjang batang. Benih dengan dua ruas dan panjang batang 25 cm mempunyai viabilitas lebih baik dibandingkan satu ruas dan panjang 15 cm. Sampai 12 hari penyimpanan di suhu kamar, benih masih segar dengan daya tumbuh 83,75%.Kata kunci:  Cymbopogon  nardus  L.,  jumlah  ruas,  panjang  batang, penyimpanan, viabilitas ABSTRACTEffect of Internodes Number and Stems Length on Viability of Citronella Seeds (Cympobogon nardus L.) Development of citronella required the availability of good quality seed. Presently, standard information of citronella seed quality is not available. The research aims to study the viability of citronella seeds from different internodes number and stem length as the basic for preparing Indonesian National Standards. The experiment was conducted in the green house  of  the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMECRI), from May until June 2013, by using citronella clones G 2. Factorial experiment with three factors and four replications was arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). The first factor was  internodes numbers: (1) one and (2) two. The second factor was stem length: (1) 15, (2) 20, and (3) 25 cm. The third factor was storage periods: (1) 0, (2) 3, (3) 6, (4) 9, and (5) 12 days. Parameters observed included seeds moisture content, seeds germination, fresh, and dry weight. The results of experiment indicated that viability of citronella seeds was affected by stolon internodes number and stem length. Seeds with two internodes and stem length 25 cm has better viability than with one of internode and 15 cm   of stem   length.   Up to 12 days storage at room temperature, the seeds were still fresh with the germination 83.75%.Keywords:  Cymbopogon nardus  L.,  internodes number,  stem length, storage, viability
The effectiveness of kaffir lime leaf essential oil as a fumigant for Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Khalifah, Alif; Harahap, Idham Sakti; Dadang, Dadang
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n2.2021.51-57

Abstract

Pests are often a problem with stored post-harvest products. One of the pests that often attack post-harvest products in storage is Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). The most common warehouse pest control effort is fumigation. Unwise and inappropriate application of fumigants can cause various negative impacts, such as pest resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative control strategies that are more environmentally friendly through essential oils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) essential oil as a botanical fumigant against T. castaneum that held at SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor. Kaffir lime leaf essential oil (KLLEO) is obtained by distillation. Tests in this study include the toxicity test of essential oils and essential oil fractions, resistance tests, and test the effect of essential oils on larval development. KLLEO n-hexane fraction caused high mortality of T. castaneum imago after 72 hours of fumigation. The LD95 KLLEO value in imago was 1.14 ml / l of air. MADJP also had high repellency activity against imago. The lowest dose of 0.03 ml/l air and the highest dose of 1.14 ml/l air showed a degree of 95.5 and 100% reliability, respectively, 6 hours after treatment. Chemical composition analysis using GCMS showed that citronella was the most dominant compound at 79.05%.Keywords: Citrus hystrix, fumigation, post-harvest pests AbstrakKEEFEKTIFAN MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN JERUK PURUT SEBAGAI FUMIGAN Tribolium castaneum (HERBST)Serangga hama seringkali menjadi masalah pada produk pascapanen yang disimpan. Salah satu hama yang sering menyerang produk pascapanen di gudang penyimpanan adalah Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Upaya pengendalian hama gudang yang paling umum dilakukan adalah dengan fumigasi. Aplikasi fumigan yang tidak bijaksana dan tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif, seperti terjadinya resistensi hama. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan strategi pengendalian alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan melalui penggunaan minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan minyak atsiri daun jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix) sebagai fumigan nabati terhadap T. castaneum yang dilaksanakan di SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor. Minyak atsiri daun jeruk purut (MADJP) diperoleh melalui distilasi. Pengujian dalam penelitian ini meliputi uji toksisitas minyak atsiri dan fraksi minyak atsiri, uji repelensi, dan uji pengaruh minyak atsiri terhadap perkembangan larva. Fraksi n-heksana MADJP menyebabkan kematian yang tinggi pada imago T. castaneum setelah 72 jam fumigasi. Nilai LD95 MADJP pada imago sebesar 1,14 ml/l udara. MADJP juga memiliki aktivitas repelensi yang tinggi terhadap imago. Dosis terendah 0,03 ml/l udara dan dosis tertinggi 1,14 ml/l udara menunjukkan derajat keandalan berturut-turut 95,5 dan 100% pada 6 jam setelah perlakuan. Analisis komposisi kimia menggunakan GCMS menunjukkan bahwa sitronela merupakan senyawa yang paling dominan sebesar 79,05%.Kata kunci : Citrus hystrix, fumigasi, hama pasca panen, sitronela
PENGARUH CARA TANAM KEDELAI DAN DOSIS NITROGEN PADA TANAMAN KAPAS TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN HAMA DAN HASIL KAPAS SAHID, MOCH.; CHOLID, MOHAMMAD; YULIANTI, TIT1EK
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 4 (2000): Maret, 2000
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n4.2000.128-134

Abstract

The effect of soybean planting methods and dosage of nitrogen fertilizer for cotton on pest development and cotton yieldThe effect of soybean planting methods and dosage of N fertilizer for cotton on pests development and cotton yield was studied in Tanggungan, Pucuk, lanongan from July 1997 to March 1998 on wet land previousl grown with rice plant rice. Split plot design in three replicates was used, planting system of soybean (sowed and planted in a hole) was the main plot and the rate of N fertilizer (30 kg N/ha, 60 kg N/ha and 90 kg N/ha) was the sub plot. Urea and ZA were used as source of N; SP36 for P20, and KCI for KjO. The rate of SP36 was 50 kg/ha and KCI was 50 kg/ha. One third of the full dosage of N (ZA) and the full dosage of P]Oj (SP36) and K20 (KCI) were applied at the time of planting While 2/3 of N were applied 6 weeks after planting. Cotton variety used in this study was ISA 205 A and soybean was Willis. Cropping pattern was 2 rows of cotton and 5 rows of soybean. Planting space of cotton was (190) 60 cm x 30 cm (2 plants per hole), hence the population was 53 280 plants per hectare. Plant spacing of soybean was 30 cm x 20 cm (2 plant per hole), hence the population was 200 000 plants per hectare. Parameters evaluated were the growth of cotton plant (height and canopy); component of yield (vegetative and generative branch, square shedding and number of bolls), and population of pest. The results showed that increasing the dosage of N from 30 (50% of the recommended dosage) to 60 kg (recommended dosage) and 90 kg (150% of the recommended) resulted in increased population of H. armigera from 12.33 insect to 18.77 and 17.00 insect, Erias sp. from 93.17 to 51.50 and 51.50 and S. bigutulla fom 103.5 to 102.50 and 122.30 insects per plant. Increased population of pest was followed by increased frequency of spraying from 2.50 to 3.50 and 3.67 times. Application of 30 kg N/ha decreased the population of// armigera, Earias sp. and 5. biguttula. however, the highest yield of cotton (1 580.16 kg/ha) was gained by applying 60 kg N/ha. Soybean planted by broascasting method had greater effect on cotton and soybean yields than dibbling method.
DETEKSI DINI VIRUS MOSAIK PADA BENIH DAN TANAMAN NILAM / Detection of Early Stage of Mosaic Disease on Patchouli Seed and Plant Noveriza, Rita; Mariana, Maya
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 4 (2016): Desember, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n4.2016.182-188

Abstract

Mosaic disease of patchouli plant caused by viruses is one of the main constraints on patchouli oil production. The viruses are transmitted by patchouli seedlings and insect vectors, therefore their spreadings are very quickly and widely found in the center of patchouli plantations in Sumatera, Java, and Sulawesi. Early detection of the viruses in the seedling is a strategic step for controlling the disease. This study aimed to get an early detection technique of mosaic viruses infecting seedlings and patchouli plants by using serological techniques. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection Balittro from February 2015 until April 2016. The serological techniques performed were Tissue Blot Assay Immunobinding (TBIA), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA) and Enzyme Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA). Samples of the seedlings and patchouli plants showing symptomatic mosaic disease were obtained from nurseries or fields in Bogor, Pandeglang-Banten and Cigombong. A total of 150 samples were tested using the commercial viruses antisera, i.e. Potyvirus, Broad bean wilt virus 1.2; Cucumber mosaic virus [AGDIA-USA] and Anti-Mouse, Rabbit Anti Universal [SIGMA-USA]. The results showed that all the three serological tests used can detect all types of mosaic viruses in infected seedling and patchouli plants with a success rate of 100%. The TBIA and DIBA techniques are faster and easier than ELISA, therefore these techniques are recommended to be used by farmers and patchouli seed producers to prevent the distribution of mosaic viruses.Keywords: P ogostemon cablin, mosaic virus, ELISA, TBIA, DIBA AbstrakPenyakit mosaik yang disebabka n oleh virus merupakan salah satu kendala utama pada produksi minyak nilam. Virus tersebut ditularkan melalui benih nilam dan serangga vektor sehingga penyebarannya sangat cepat dan sudah banyak ditemukan di sentra pertanaman nilam di Sumatera, Jawa dan Sulawesi. Deteksi dini virus pada benih nilam merupakan langkah strategis untuk mengendalikan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan teknik deteksi dini virus penyebab penyakit mosaik pada benih dan tanaman nilam secara serologi, sehingga mudah diaplikasikan oleh petani dan pengguna di lapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman Balittro dari bulan Februari 2015 sampai dengan bulan April 2016. Teknik deteksi secara serologi yang dilakukan adalah Tissue Blot Immunobinding Assay (TBIA), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA) dan Enzyme Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA). Sampel benih dan tanaman nilam bergejala mosaik diperoleh dari pertanaman atau penangkar benih di Bogor, Pandeglang-Banten dan Cigombong-Kabupaten Bogor. Sebanyak 180 sampel diuji keberadaan virusnya dengan menggunakan antisera komersial, yaitu Potyvirus, Broad bean wilt virus 1.2; Cucumber mosaic virus (AGDIA-USA) dan Anti Mouse, Anti Rabbit Universal (SIGMA-USA). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ketiga teknik serologi yang diuji dapat mendeteksi seluruh jenis virus yang menimbulkan gejala mosaik pada benih dan tanaman nilam, dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100%. Teknik deteksi TBIA dan DIBA mosaik lebih cepat dan mudah dibandingkan dengan ELISA sehingga dapat dianjurkan kepada petani dan penangkar benih nilam untuk mencegah penyebaran virus mosaik, karena lebih cepat dan mudah digunakan.Kata kunci: Pogostemon cablin, virus mosaik, ELISA, TBIA, DIBA
PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN KELAPA SAWIT DI PEMBIBITAN DENGAN PEMUPUKAN NPK / Increasing Growth of Oil Palm Seedling with NPK Fertilization Kasno, Antonius; Anggria, L.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 3 (2016): September, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n3.2016.107-114

Abstract

Fertilization is a very important factor of production. Fertlizer on oil palm nurseries need to consider the soil used as a medium. Excessive or insufficient fertilization resulted in inferior growth. The aim of this research was to study the effects of compound fertilizer NPK 11-7-12 on the growth of oil palm seedlings and determine the optimum dose for oil palm nursery seedlings. The research was conducted in a greenhouse at Soil Research Institute, Laladon, Bogor, in October 2012 - June 2013. The design was randomized complete block, 6 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of 4 (1) NPK 11-7-12, (2) single NPK fertilizer (Urea, SP-36, KCl), (3) NPK 15-15-15, and (4) control treatment (without NPK). Doses of NPK fertilizer was 0.00, 2.50, 5.00, 7.50, and 10.00 g NPK/tree. Beside NPK fertilizer, each polybag was added with Kieserite 1 g/tree. Urea, SP-36, KCl, Kieserite and NPK was given 12 times. Fertilization was performed at 1 week after transplanting, and then performed every 2 weeks up to 12 times. The results showed that NPK fertilizer either single or compound able to increase the growth of oil palm plantations. Effect of NPK 11-7-12 fertilizer was the same with NPK 15- 15-15 and better than the single NPK fertilizer. The optimum dosage of NPK 11-7-12 fertilizer for oil palm seedling is 5 – 6 g/tree.Keywords: compound NPK, palm oil, inceptisols, seedlings AbstrakPupuk merupakan faktor produksi yang sangat penting. Pemberian pupuk pada pembibitan kelapa sawit perlu mempertimbangkan tanah yang digunakan sebagai media. Pemupukan yang berlebihan atau kurang berakibat kurang baik dan pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit kurang optimum. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pupuk majemuk NPK 11-7-12 terhadap pertumbuhan kelapa sawit di pembibitan dan menentukan dosis optimum untuk pembibitan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanah di Laladon, Bogor, pada Oktober 2012 - Juni 2013. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan acak kelompok, 7 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 4 dosis pupuk NPK 11-7-12, perlakuan pupuk NPK tunggal (Urea, SP-36 dan KCl), dan pupuk NPK 15-15-15, serta kontrol (tanpa NPK). Dosis pupuk majemuk NPK 11-7-12 adalah: 0,00; 2,50; 5,00; 7,50 dan 10,00 g NPK/pohon. Selain pupuk NPK setiap polibag ditambah 1 g pupuk kieserit/pohon. Pupuk Urea, SP-36, KCl, kieserit dan NPK diberikan sebanyak 12 kali. Pemupukan dilakukan pada saat tanaman berumur 1 minggu setelah tanam, selanjutnya dilakukan setiap 2 minggu sampai 12 kali aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk NPK baik tunggal maupun majemuk mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit. Pengaruh pupuk NPK 11-7-12 sama dengan pupuk NPK 15-15-15 dan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pupuk NPK tunggal. Takaran optimum pupuk NPK 11-7-12 untuk bibit kelapa sawit adalah 5-6 g/pohon.Kata kunci: NPK majemuk, kelapa sawit, Inceptisols, bibit
ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPARATIF USAHA TANI LADA HITAM DI LAMPUNG DAN LADA PUTIH DI KALIMANTAN BARAT YUHONO, J. T.; MAULUDI, LUDI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 3 (1999): Desember, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n3.1999.81-85

Abstract

The comparative advantage analysis of black pepper in farm Lampung and white pepper's farm in West Kalimantan Study of the comparative advantage of pepper farm was conducted in Lampung as black pepper production centre with non-intensive pattern, and West Kalimantan as white pepper production centre with semi- intensive pattern fom January to March 1996. The objectives of this research were to analyze the comparative advantage of pepper farm from in terms of its capability to earn foreign exchange. Data wee conducted by survey method. Location was selected by purposive sampling method based on pepper farm pattern anner sampling was conducted by simple random sampling for each villages. The data were analyzed by using net social proitability and domestic esources cost. The result showed that pepper farm for both of production centre had comparative advantage to earn foreign exchange and the comparative advantage for semi intensive pattern was higher than that of non intensive patten. For the development of pepper in Indonesia the semi intensive pattern is better the non intensive pattern, there for it should be sugested.
MULTIPLIKASI TUNAS IN VITRO BERDASARKAN JENIS EKSPLAN PADA ENAM GENOTIPE TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.) / The In Vitro Shoots Multiplication Based on Explants Type on Six Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Genotypes Azizi, Alfia Annur Aini; Tambunan, Ika Roostika; Efendi, Darda
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n2.2017.90-97

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is propagated vegetatively using stem cuttings. Plant propagation can utilize tissue culture techniques because it offers a faster propagation time than conventional methods, need less mother plants and labor, planting is not influenced by the season, and produce pathogen-free guaranteed seedlings. This study aims to determine the optimal type of explant for shoot multiplication of six sugarcane genotypes. The study was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant Cell Tissue Biology Group, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development, Bogor from May 2015 to June 2016. Explants from six genotypes of sugarcane (PS 881, PS 865, GMP 3, TK 386, PSJK 922, and PS 862) were grown on regeneration media based on explant type treatments (one shoot, two shoots, and three shoots per explant) that were subcultured every three weeks. Subcultures were conducted up to nine times, then observations of survival rate, shoot regeneration rate, number of new shoots, shoot height were made on the third, sixth, and ninth subcultures. The results showed interaction between genotypes and explant type were not significantly different except to the shoot regeneration in the sixth subculture. Each genotype had different multiplication rate, and PSJK 922 produced the lowest survival explant, shoot regeneration, and number of new shoot in the ninth subculture. Two shoots explant were the optimal type of explant for in vitro shoots multiplication with 4 new shoots per explant in the ninth subculture.Keywords: frequent subculture, micropropagation, one shoot explant, two shoots explant, three shoots explant AbstrakTebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) umumnya diperbanyak secara vegetatif menggunakan stek batang. Perbanyakan tanaman dapat memanfaatkan teknik kultur jaringan karena memiliki keunggulan di antaranya, waktu perbanyakan lebih cepat dari metode konvensional, tidak memerlukan tanaman induk dan tenaga kerja dalam jumlah banyak, penanaman tidak dipengaruhi musim, serta bibit yang dihasilkan lebih terjamin bebas patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan jenis eksplan yang optimal untuk multiplikasi tunas in vitro enam genotipe tebu. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Kelompok Peneliti Biologi Sel dan Jaringan, Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian, Bogor pada Mei 2015 hingga Juni 2016. Eksplan dari enam genotipe tebu (PS 881, PS 865, GMP 3, TK 386, PSJK 922, dan PS 862) ditanam pada media regenerasi berdasarkan perlakuan jenis eksplan (satu tunas, dua tunas, dan tiga tunas per eksplan) yang disubkultur setiap tiga minggu. Subkultur dilakukan hingga sembilan kali, dan pengamatan daya hidup eksplan, daya regenerasi tunas, pertambahan tunas per eksplan serta tinggi tunas dilakukan pada subkultur ke tiga, ke enam, dan ke sembilan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi genotipe dan jenis eksplan tidak berpengaruh nyata kecuali terhadap daya regenerasi tunas pada subkultur ke enam. Keenam genotipe memiliki tingkat multiplikasi tunas yang berbeda, dan PSJK 922 menghasilkan daya hidup eksplan, daya regenerasi tunas, dan pertambahan tunas terendah pada subkultur ke sembilan. Eksplan dua tunas merupakan jenis eksplan yang optimal untuk multiplikasi tunas in vitro dengan pertambahan 4 tunas per eksplan pada subkultur ke sembilan.Kata kunci: Subkultur berulang, mikropropagasi, eksplan satu tunas, eksplan dua tunas, eksplan tiga tunas
INDUKSI AKAR TUNAS KE LAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) SECARA IN VITRO DAN EX VITRO / Root Induction of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Using In Vitro and Ex Vitro Techniques Yunita, Rossa; MARISKA, IKA; PURNAMANINGSIH, RAGAPADMI; LESTARI, ENDANG GATI; UTAMI, SRI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 1 (2016): Maret, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n1.2016.37-42

Abstract

Root induction is an important step in the process of propagation of plants through tissue culture techniques. For root induction commonly used plant growth regulator auxin, which has an important role in plant growth and development, especially at the stage of root initiation. The purpose of this study is to obtain appropriate methods for root induction of oil palm in vitro and ex vitro. The experiment used completely randomized factorial design, consisted of three main activities: (1) Induction of rooting on solid media, using combinations of NAA (2 and 4 mg/l) and IBA (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/l) concentrations with 5 replications; (2) Induction of rooting the liquid media, using three concentrations of NAA (0, 3 and 6 mg/l), each treatment was replicated 5 times; (3) Induction of rooting ex vitro, using rootone F or IBA (20, 40 and 60 mg/l) with 5 replications. Results indicated that the best medium for in vitro root induction on solid media was MS + NAA 4 mg/l IBA + 4 mg/l, while for liquid media was MS + NAA 6 mg/l. Ex vitro rooting induction showed 60% success of acclimatization by soaking vitro shoots base in NAA solution 40 mg/l and 60 mg/l for 1 hour.Keywords: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., ex vitro, IBA, NAA
PENGARUH UMUR PANEN RIMPANG TERHADAP PERUBAHAN FISIOLOGI DAN VIABILITAS BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR SELAMA PENYIMPANAN RUSMIN, DEVI; SUHARTANTO, M.R.; ILYAS, SATRIYAS; MANOHARA, DYAH; WIDAJATI, ENY
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 1 (2015): Maret 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n1.2015.17-24

Abstract

ABSTRAKSalah satu faktor yang menentukan daya simpan benih jahe putihbesar (JPB) adalah mutu. Mutu benih sangat ditentukan oleh tingkatkemasakan rimpang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruhumur panen terhadap perubahan fisiologi dan viabilitas benih selamapenyimpanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca dan LaboratoriumTeknologi Benih, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat sertaLaboratorium Pascapanen IPB Bogor, mulai bulan Juli 2012 sampaidengan Februari 2013. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap(RAL) dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah tiga tingkat umurpanen benih 7, 8, dan 9 bulan setelah tanam (BST). Pengamatan dilakukanterhadap perubahan fisiologis (penyusutan bobot, persentase rimpangbertunas, tunas, kadar air, dan laju respirasi), serta viabilitas rimpang benih(daya tumbuh, tinggi, dan bobot kering bibit). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan rimpang benih umur 7 dan 8 BST mempunyai daya simpanterbaik karena menghasilkan masing-masing total angka penyusutan bobotlebih rendah (24,65 dan 25,25%) dan tunas lebih pendek (0,30 dan 1,08cm) dibandingkan dengan umur panen 9 BST (27,13% dan 1,62 cm),selama 4 bulan disimpan. Masa dormansi rimpang benih JPB mulai pecahsetelah mengalami periode simpan 2 bulan. Pertumbuhannya mulaiseragam setelah 3 bulan simpan. Umur panen jahe 7 dan 8 BSTmempunyai derajat dormansi yang lebih tinggi dibanding 9 BST. Rimpangbenih umur panen 7, 8, dan 9 BST mempunyai daya tumbuh tinggi (>95%)dan pertumbuhan bibit seragam setelah 3 bulan disimpan.Kata kunci: Zingiber officinale Rosc., penyimpanan, benih, perubahanfisiologis, viabilitasABSTRACTOne of the factors that determine the storability of seed rhizome ofwhite big ginger (WBG) is quality. The quality is determined by thematurity levels of seed rhizome. The aim of the experiment was to observethe effect of harvesting time on physiological changes and seed viability ofWBG seed rhizomes during the storage. The experiment was conducted atGreen House and Seed Technology Laboratory of Indonesian Spice andMedicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor and Postharvest Laboratory,IPB, from July 2012 to February 2013. The experiment was arranged in acompletely randomized design with five replications. The treatmentstested were three levels of WBG seed rhizome harvesting time: 7, 8, and 9month after planting (MAP). Variables observed were physiologicalchanges of seed rhizomes during the storage (weight loss, sproutingpercentage, shoot height, respiration rate, and moisture content) andviability (growth ability, height, and dry weight of the seedling). Theresults showed that seed rhizomes at 7 and 8 had the best storability, sinceit was produced each low rate of weight loss (24.65 and 25.25%), andshoots shorter (0.3 and 1.08 cm) than 9 MAP (27.13% and 1.62 cm), for 4months in storage. Dormancy of WBG seed rhizomes has been brokenafter 2 months in storage. Harvesting at 7 and 8 showed a degree ofdormancy higher than the harvesting age 9 MAP. Harvesting time at 7, 8,and 9 MAP had high growth ability (> 95%) and uniform seedling growthafter 3 months in storage.Keywords: Zingiber officinale Rosc., storage, seed, physiologicalchanges, viability
PENGARUH JENIS PUPUK DASAR DAN SUSULAN TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN MUTU TEMBAKAU CERUTU BESUKI RACHMAN, ABDUL; SHOLEH, M.; PURLANI, EDI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Maret 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n1.2004.34-40

Abstract

Penelitian pemupukan tembakau cerutu besuki telah dilakukan di Desa Mangaran, Kecamatan Jenggawah, Kabupaten Jember (30 m dpi) untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pupuk dasar dan pupuk susulan terhadap produksi dan mutu. Tembakau ditanam pada awal musim kemarau (disebut besnota), yaitu minggu ke 1 bulan Juli 2000. Lahan percobaan berjcnis tanah Aluvial dengan tekstur liat berkadar 44% liat, 20% debu, dan 46% pasir, 0.67% C-organik, 0.14% N total, 10.64 cmol/kg P tersedia, 0.45 cmol/kg K, 7.30 cmol/kg Ca, dan pH 6.62. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktorial, dengan 3 ulangan Faktor petama adalah perlakuan pupuk dasar (jenis pupuk NPK dan SP36 + urea), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah perlakuan jenis pupuk susulan (urea, CN, CN+CPN, CN+PN, dan CSN). Ukuran petak percobaan 10 m x 7 m , jarak tanam (110 cm i 90 cm) x 35 cm, dengan populasi 200 tanaman per petak dan varietas 11382 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk dasar NPK tidak berbeda pengaruhnya dibanding dengan pupuk SP36+ urea terhadap hasil, ukuran, ketcbalan daun posisi KAK dan TNG, persentase daun pembalut-pembungkus dan kadar unsur hara daun. Namun perlakuan pupuk NPK menghasilkan daun KOS 3 lebih tipis, daya bakar daun KOS 1 dan KAK 3 yang lebih lama, nisbah K20/CaO yang lebih tinggi. Pupuk susulan CN i CPN dan CN + PN memberikan hasil dan kadar N daun yang lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan yang lain. Pupuk susulan tidak berpengaruh terhadap ukuran daun, ketebalan daun, daya bakar, persentase daun pembalul-pembungkus, kadar P2Oj. K20, dan CaO daun. Berdasarkan analisis kualitas semua pupuk altematif yang dicoba- kan, baik sebagai pupuk dasar maupun pupuk susulan, pupuk-pupuk tersebut dapat digunakan pada tembakau cerutu besuki. Selanjutnya, perlu dilakukan sosialisasi penggunaan pupuk altematif tersebut kepada petani.Kata kunci: pupuk, produksi, mutu, Nicotiana tabacum, tembakau cerutuABSTRACTEffect ofbasalfetilizers and side dressingfetilizer on the production and quality of besuki cigar tobaccoThe expeiment was conducted in Mangaran, Jenggawah Distict, Jember (at the altitude of 30 m). The objective was to study the effect of basal fetilizers and side dressing fetilizer on the production and quality of besuki cigar tobacco. Tobacco was planted in early dry season, in irst week of July 2000 (named as besnota tobacco). The soil was alluvial with clay texture (44% clay, 20% silt, and 46% sand). Other characteristics of the soil was 0.67% C-organic, 0.14% total-N, 10.64 cmol/kg available P, 0.45 cmol/kg available K, 7.30 cmol/kg Ca, and pH 6.62. The treatment consisted of two factors, i.e. basal dressing (NPK compound fetilizer and SP36 + urea) and side dressing (urea, CN, CN + CPN, CN + PN, and CSN). The treatments were arranged in a factoially randomized block design with 3 replications. Planting space was double row (110 cm + 90cm) x 35 cm, 200 plants per plot. Tobacco vaiety was H382. The results of the experiment showed that the effect of NPK fetilizer was not significantly different from SP36 + urea, on the yield, leaf size, thickness of KAK and TNG leaf positions, wrapper + binder precentagc and chemical content of the leaves. However, the tobacco crop received NPK fetilizer had positive characteistics, i.e. thinner leaves (KOS 3), longer buning duration (KOS 1 and KAK 3), higher K20/CaO ratio than SP36 + urea (reatment. CN + CPN and CN + PN as side dressing treatments gave yield and N content higher than other treatments. Side dressing treatments did not affect the leaf size, thickness, buning duration, wrappcr+binder percentage. P2Oj. KjO, and CaO, content of the leaves. However, based on the quality analysis the fertilizers tested either as basal dressing or as side dressing can be used as an altenative for besuki cigar tobacco fetilization. Futhermore, the use of these altenative fetilizers need to be socialized to the tobacco farmers.Keywords: Cigar tobacco, fetilizer, production, quality, Nicotiana tabacum

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