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Syarifuddin Wahid
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Green Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Muslim Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26866668     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33096/gmj
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Green Medical Journal (GMJ) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and interesting case reports. The journal focuses on promoting medical and health sciences, derived from basic sciences, clinical and community health research, both in animal and human study. GMJ is published in April, August, and December and registered with e-ISSN 2686-6668. Green Medical Journal was founded in 2019 by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar. The mission of our journal is to provide biomedical scientists, clinical and public health researchers as well as other health care professionals with the media to publish their research works. Green Medical Journal (GMJ) is a field of health in the broadest sense such as medicine, public health, nursing, midwifery, pharmacy, health psychology, nutrition, biomedical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 119 Documents
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METASTASIS PARU PADA KARSINOMA PAYUDARA: PERAN PENCITRAAN DALAM MENANGANI KASUS KETERLAMBATAN DIAGNOSIS Petra Gusti Parikesit; Ardhinta Bellano Septarda; Devanya Tiara Kirani; Sudharmaji Sudharmaji
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.206

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is still the second leading cause of death, with most deaths caused by breast cancer being due to complications associated with metastasis. The target organ of metastasis that often occurs in breast cancer is the lung. Imaging modalities are essential to see breast cancer with lung metastasis and determine early intervention. Objective: Report on the case of a 60-year-old female patient with lung metastasis of breast carcinoma at Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta. Case Description: A 60-year-old female patient presented with complaints of shortness of breath on exertion and weight loss. The radiological finding was consistent with a lung metastatic lesion. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of breast tumors and lung metastases is crucial for effective treatment and a positive prognosis due to a much lower chance of death as well as higher survival rates in patients with smaller tumors at the time of diagnosis. Imaging using ultrasound-assisted mammography can be the primary modality for the diagnosis and screening of breast cancer, while for the detection of lung metastases, plain chest X-ray can be used as the primary modality for diagnosis and CT can be a supporting imaging method for the presence of smaller metastatic nodules.
"Nyeri Sentral Pasca Stroke: Strategi Rehabilitasi Berbasis Bukti untuk Penatalaksanaan Nyeri Neuropatik" Zulfahmidah Zulfahmidah; Rumaisah Hasan; Fajriansyah Fajriansyah
Green Medical Journal Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/egfkfz70

Abstract

Introduction: Central Post-Stroke Pain (CPSP) is a common and challenging condition that affects 8-10% of stroke survivors, significantly impacting their quality of life and functional recovery. Despite its prevalence, effective management remains complex and multifaceted. Contents: This review explores rehabilitation strategies for CPSP, emphasizing the role of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Exercise therapy, including strength training, aerobic conditioning, and flexibility exercises, plays a pivotal role in alleviating pain, enhancing neural plasticity, and improving functional outcomes. Additionally, physical modalities such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and acupuncture, along with psychological approaches like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), address the emotional and cognitive components of CPSP. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach integrating exercise, physical modalities, and psychosocial support is essential for optimizing CPSP management. Further research is needed to refine and standardize rehabilitation protocols to achieve long-term pain relief and improved recovery outcomes for stroke survivors.
Primary Dysmenorrhea and Sleep Quality: A Study in Tarumanagara University Medical Students Sandy Angelina; Triyana Sari
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.208

Abstract

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea is a common menstrual pain experienced by young women, characterized by lower abdominal quadrant pain without any underlying pelvic pathology. The intensity of menstrual pain can significantly impact daily activities, and it can also influence various factors, including sleep quality. Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between sleep quality and dysmenorrhea severity. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design in 214 female medical students at Tarumanagara University aged between 18 to 25 years. Sleep Quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the severity of primary dysmenorrhea was measured using a questionnaire adapted from a previously developed instrument. It was validated and tested for reliability by the authors in this study (Cronbach’s α = 0.767). Data were analyze using the Chi-square and multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for BMI and age at menarche. Result: The study found that 49.1% students have poor sleep quality, and 47.2% experienced severe primary dysmenorrhea. Poor sleep quality was significantly associated with higher dysmenorrhea severity (OR = 3.07; 95% CI: 1.76–5.37). Good sleep quality was independently associated with lower odds of severe dysmenorrhea (OR = 0.309; 95% CI: 0.174–0.548; p < 0.001), while BMI and menarche age were not significant. Conclusion: Good sleep quality is independently associated with reduced severity of primary dysmenorrhea and may reduce the risk of experiencing severe dysmenorrhea.
Comparison of Students Score between Progress Test and Final Test; Pilot Project Berry Erida Hasbi; Windy Nur Aisyah; Farah Ekawati Mulyadi
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i3.213

Abstract

Introduction: The implementation of diverse assessment methods has facilitated the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data, providing students with valuable feedback. Most programs reported that their assessment strategies were aligned with a competency framework, emphasizing constructive alignment and assessments structured according to Miller’s pyramid. Many programs highlighted the significance of multiple low-stakes workplace-based assessments for evaluating real-world competencies, alongside the use of the final test, including progress testing in the knowledge domain to decrease student load. The aim of this study is to compare student final score between the progress test and the final test. Methods: This is a mixed-method research. A quantitative of 506 students participated in the growth and development & geriatrics block, divided into two groups. Group A (progress test), comprising 253 students, underwent a progress test conducted over four exam sessions in 2024, as a pilot project. Meanwhile, Group B (final test), also with 253 students, completed a final test in 2023. The data from both groups were collected and analyzed using the T-independent test. Also, qualitative data was taken by student interviews. Result: Group A, assessed in 2024, achieved a higher average score (69.33 ± 11.22) compared to Group B (54.92 ± 11.49). The T-independent test yielded a P value of <0.0001, indicating a statistically significant difference. This suggests that the progress test method is more effective than the final test in enhancing students' final scores, as progress tests help alleviate cognitive load. Conclusion: As a pilot initiative, the progress test has proven effective in improving students' final scores. It is recommended that this approach be extended to other educational blocks that have similar characteristics to the interventional blocks to enhance overall educational quality.
Literature Review on Human Metapneumovirus: Updates, Trends and Emerging Concerns in Indonesia, Southeast Asia Priastuti Priastuti; Laily Rahmawati
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.214

Abstract

Introduction Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), is an RNA virus contributing to the pathogenesis and severity of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in vulnerable populations globally. Despite recent reports of increasing HMPV cases in China, research on HMPV in Indonesia remains scarce compared to studies conducted in other Southeast Asian countries. Content: HMPV as a pathogen is accidentally discovered in concurrent with the study of other causative agents. HMPV infection can cause severe respiratory tract infection, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and children with underlying disease. Therefore, research in respect to HMPV epidemiology, morbidity, and mortality of the disease generated by HMPV infection in Indonesia should be continuously conducted. Conclusion: This study aims to review findings of HMPV in Southeast Asia region countries, such as Malaysia and Singapore. Understanding HMPV seasonality patterns, clinical features, surveillance, and public health responses could improve readiness for the upcoming emergence.
Helicopter Parenting: Effects on Medical Students’ Adaptation and Academic Achievement Chaina Hanum; Atien Nur Chamidah; Rita Mustika
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.215

Abstract

Introduction: Helicopter parenting has many negative impacts on higher education, including how it affects students’ college adjustment and academic achievement. Although a wide range of articles explore helicopter parenting and its influence on higher education, the research on medical education still scarce. Methods: The aims of this study provide a brief explanation of helicopter parenting and its impact on medical education. Articles were collected by assessing SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, and Google Scholar databases. Result: Overcontrol and overprotective manners from helicopter parents may reduce children’s sense of autonomy and competence. Hence, it significantly reduces students’ self-efficacy, self-directed learning, and has low intrinsic motivation in learning. The children of helicopter parents are vulnerable to stress, anxiety, and depression, and tend to have difficulties adjusting to college life. Conclusion: Considering the negative impacts of helicopter parenting, faculty and medical teachers need to develop strategies to address the issue and prevent further impacts.
Empirical Antibiotics’ Impact on Hospital Stay and Mortality in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Dewi Intisari; Intan Tri Hardini; Maritsatun Nisa
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.216

Abstract

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) shows a high prevalence rate in adult patients. Bacterial infections are the most common etiology of CAP cases and can lead to patient hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. Empirical antibiotics can be given to CAP patients to prevent worsening. This study aims to analyze the appropriateness of empirical antibiotics, according to guidelines on length of stay and mortality, in CAP patients. Methods: This observational retrospective study used medical record data from CAP patients at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang, from January 2023 to December 2024. We evaluated the impact of prescribed antibiotics, based on the 2019 ATS/IDSA guidelines, on length of stay and in-hospital mortality. Data were tested using the Fisher test with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Result: Significant differences were shown in the type of treatment room and comorbid diseases such as lung disorders, related to patient outcomes (recovery or death). The administration of empirical antibiotics to patients with CAP, as recommended by guidelines on length of hospitalization and patient mortality, demonstrated p-values of 0.683 and 0.166, respectively (p > 0.05). The suitability of empirical antibiotics to the guideline did not affect the length of treatment and outcome of CAP patients. Conclusion: The administration of empirical therapy in accordance with guidelines did not demonstrate a correlation with reduced duration of hospitalisation or decreased mortality. Nevertheless, a significant association was identified between ICU admission, comorbid lung disease, and patient outcomes.
Faktor-Faktor Risiko Glaukoma yang Dapat Dimodifikasi Siti Ulfatun Najiyyah; Ika Putriyuliani; Padmi Kartika Sari
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.219

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma contributes of cases of number of irreversible blindness worldwide, with estimates reaching 112 million cases by 2040. About 50% remain unaware in the early stages of this disease unless there is already a visual disturbance or an acute attack. Methods: This is an observational literature review. This study uses the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The keywords searched were: Glaucoma risk factors, retinal ganglion cell damage, intraocular pressure, neuroprotection for glaucoma, metabolic disease and glaucoma. The inclusion criteria were original cohort studies, case-control studies, Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), systematic review, and meta-analysis in the last decade in English. Non-English articles were excluded. Results: The main preventable risk factors of glaucoma are increased intraocular pressure, oxidative stress, and metabolic syndrome. for every 1 mmHg increase in intraocular pressure there will be a loss of retinal nerv fiber layer of ~0.05µm to ~0.13µm per year. Controlling intraocular pressure with medications or laser/surgery can reduce intraocular pressure by 20-70%. Oxidative stress damage retinal ganglion cell particularly in normo-tension glaucoma, regardless of intraocular pressure. Metabolic syndrome increases oxidative stress thereby exacerbating retinal ganglion cell damage. The use of citicoline and nicotinamide has been widely proven to slow down retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucoma. The relationship between blood pressure with the progression of glaucoma is still debated. Conclusion: Preventing the progression of glaucoma is important by controlling the preventable risk factors, including increased intraocular pressure, oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome. By decreasing intraocular pressure, damage to retinal ganglion cells slows down. Oxidative stress damages retinal ganglion cells regardless of intraocular pressure. Metabolic syndrome increases oxidative stress, thereby exacerbating retinal ganglion cell damage.
Predictive Role of Non-Invasive Laboratory Markers in Hepatic Fibrosis among Hepatitis B Patients Dimar Kumala Puspaningrum; Camila Ratnadilla Safitri; Rhaina Khairani; Fadhila Nur Handayani
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.222

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major cause of liver fibrosis, which may progress to cirrhosis if undetected. Non-invasive biomarkers such as Gamma-glutamyl Transferase to Albumin Ratio (GAR), Alkaline Phosphatase to Platelet Ratio (APPR), and Alkaline Phosphatase plus Gamma-glutamyl Transferase to Platelet Ratio (AGPR) have shown promise in predicting fibrosis severity, potentially outperforming traditional markers like APRI. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 34 CHB patients at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta (October 2022–February 2023). Liver stiffness was assessed using shear wave elastography (SWE) and staged according to the Metavir system (F0–F4). GAR, APPR, and AGPR were calculated from laboratory data. Spearman correlation and linear regression analyses were used to evaluate their association with fibrosis severity. Result: AGPR showed the strongest correlation with fibrosis stage (ρ = 0.611, p < 0.001), followed by GAR (ρ = 0.450, p = 0.008) and APPR (ρ = 0.384, p = 0.026). All three indices were significant in univariate regression, while the combined model demonstrated improved predictive performance (R² = 0.389, p = 0.003) despite lack of independent significance in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: GAR, APPR, and AGPR are promising non-invasive biomarkers for assessing liver fibrosis in CHB patients. Their combined use enhances diagnostic accuracy and offers practical benefits, particularly in settings where biopsy is not available.
Risk Factor and Symptoms of Back Pain in Coastal Fisherman in Jaya Bakti Village Banggai Ricky Yuliam; Muh. Ali Hi Palanro; Mohamad Zulfikar
Green Medical Journal Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Green Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/gmj.v7i2.226

Abstract

Introduction: Back pain is a significant global musculoskeletal health issue, particularly affecting occupational groups with high physical demands, such as fishermen. This study aimed to describe demographic factors (age), lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption), socioeconomic status, and accompanying symptoms associated with back pain in a population of coastal fishermen in Jaya Bakti Village, Pagimana, Banggai Regency. Methods: This study employed a descriptive quantitative approach, collecting data through structured questionnaires. The study sample consisted of 62 fishermen selected from the population at the research site. Result: Analysis of 62 respondents showed the majority were over 25 years old (40.3% aged 25-35; 50.0% aged >36 years). Lifestyle analysis in a sub-sample of 21 respondents revealed a very high prevalence of smoking (90.5%) and alcohol consumption in 38.1% of respondents. Income data from 41 respondents indicated the majority (63.4%) earned between IDR 500,000 until IDR 1,000,000 per month. 20 respondents reporting back pain, the most dominant accompanying symptoms were headache (90%) and reported loss of consciousness (85%). This finding is atypical for mechanical low back pain and may reflect misinterpretation of symptoms or other underlying conditions, requiring further clinical investigation, followed by pain radiating to the abdomen (60%). Conclusion: This descriptive study concludes that back pain among fishermen in the study location tends to occur in older age groups and may be exacerbated by high smoking rates. The reported accompanying symptoms, particularly the high frequency of self-reported episodes suggestive of loss of consciousness or presyncope.

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