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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian
ISSN : 14107244     EISSN : 27227723     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.19-29
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal TANAH dan IKLIM memuat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang tanah dan iklim dari para peneliti baik dari dalam maupun dari luar Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal ini juga dapat memuat informasi singkat yang berisi tulisan mengenai teknik dan peralatan baru ataupun hasil sementara penelitian tanah dan iklim.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 257 Documents
 11   12   13   14   15 
EVALUATION OF EROSION AND SILTATION OF LAKE TONDANO BASED ON THE HYDROLOGICAL AND SOIL CHARACTERISTICS OF ITS CATCHMENT HIKMATULLAH, .; H, SUBAGYO; KURNIA, UNDANG; AMIEN, LE ISTIQLAL
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 18 (2000): Desember 2000
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n18.2000.%p

Abstract

The lake Tondano in North Sulawesi Province, has very important role, namely as the source of domestic water use for Manado town, electric power generator, fisheries, and tourism. It has been issued to serious siltation process over the tolerable Iimit due to soil erosion, so that the water quantity and quality are worried to be decrease. The objective of the research is to study the possibility occuring of lake siltation caused by soil erosion, by analyzing the hydrological and soil characteristics data from the Tondano catchment. The hydrological data analysis includes the river discharge and sediment discharge entering the lake, lake depth, and lake water balance. The soil data analysis consists of chemical and physical soil properties, soil infiltration rate, and erosion hazard of the catchment predicted by universal soil loss equation (USLE) method. The results indicate that the water lake level fluctuation and the outlet discharge depend on the amount of rainfall. The discharge of sediment suspension entering the Jake was 7,540 tons per year compared to the lake volume as much as 680 millions m3, the lake would be full-filled by the sediments in thousands of years. The measured deepest lake depth at present is about 22 m, and during the last century, the lake was decrease as much as 6 m. The infiltration rate of main soils varies from moderate to very rapid (22- 71 cm/hr), and are still higher than the maximum absolute rainfallintensity, so that overland flow occurs very little. The amount of soil loss by erosion indicates that 94% of the catchment area is lower than the maximum tolerable limits (< 12 t/ha/yr). This research has proved that the hydrological and soil condition of the Tondano catchment have not yet been serious degradation caused by erosion, so that the accelerated siltation due to erosion process was not occur in the lake catchment and its surrounding.
SOILS DEVELOPED ON SERPENTINITE IN PANYIPATAN DISTRICT, SOUTH KALIMANTAN : CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR SUITABILITY FOR MAIZE YATNO, EDI; PRASETYO, BAMBANG HENDRO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 32 (2010): Desember 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n32.2010.%p

Abstract

Four representative soil pedons formed from ultrabasic or serpentinite parent materials were studied in the field and laboratory in order to determine their soil characteristics and suitability for maize. Maize is one of the most important agricultural food crops in Indonesia. Up to now, the need of this crop for any other usages tends to increase. However, maizeproduction could not meet the demand. Therefore, extensification and intensification of the agricultural area for the crop cultivation need to be conducted. The results indicated that all the studied soils have deep solum, yellowish red to red colour, blocky structure, and friable to firm consistency. Particle-size distribution was dominated by clay fraction (73-88%). The soil bulk density and available water was relatively low (0.84-1.12 mg m-3 and 9-15%, respectively), while the total porosity was high (58-68%). Except pedon PN-35, some soils have acid reaction, medium C organic in the upper horizons, and low base saturation (<40%). The soil CEC and exchangeable Al were low (<12 and <1.3 cmolc kg-1, respectively). P retention of all the soils is high (60-87%). The soils were classified as Typic Hapludox, Anionic Acrudox, and Kandiudalfic Eutrudox. Most soils were moderately suitable (S2) for maize cultivation with nutrient retention (acidreaction, low CEC-clay and base saturation) and water availability (high wet months) as the main limiting factors. To increase soil productivity, application of agricultural lime, P fertilizers (rock phosphate) and organic matter were highly recommmended.
STATUS SUMBERDAYA HAYATI TANAH PADA LAHAN SAWAH INTENSIF DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT DAN BANTEN Subowo, Subowo; Sarmah, Sarmah; Khamdanah, Khamdanah; Elsanti, Elsanti; Windiyati, Endang
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 39, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v39n1.2015.33-40

Abstract

Abstrak. Sumberdaya hayati tanah di lahan sawah intensif mengalami perubahan akibat pengolahan tanah, pemupukan anorganik dan pemberian pestisida. Perkembangan populasi fauna tanah menurun dan populasi mikroorganisme didominasi oleh mikroorganisme yang memiliki kemampuan merombak bahan organik. Dalam upaya mendukung pengembangan pertanian intensif diperlukan inventarisasi sumberdaya hayati tanah guna mempertahankan kesuburan dan kesehatan tanah sawah intensif, termasuk populasi mikroorganisme fungsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari status sumberdaya hayati tanah di lahan sawah intensif dan peluang pemberdayaan hayati tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Februari sampai dengan Juni 2014. Pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukan pada kedalaman 0-20 cm di sembilan lokasi sawah intensif yang berproduksi tinggi (>7,0 ton gabah kering panen (GKP) per ha), sedang (>4,0-7,0 t GKP.ha-1), dan rendah (<4,0 t GKP.ha-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tanah sawah intensif hanya ditemukan fauna tanah dari kelompok Nematoda dan cacing tanah epigaesis Perionyx sp. Populasi organisme dan sifat fisik tanah tidak berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah, namun aktivitas biologi dan populasi Nematoda berpengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan C-org, N, P tanah, dan Azotobacter berpengaruh terhadap kandungan C-org dan P tanah. Peran organisme tanah dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan hara sawah intensif perlu dioptimalkan dengan menjaga keseimbangan pemupukan. Abstract. Biological resources in paddy field soil changes due to intensive tillage, organic fertilization and pesticide application. Soil fauna population can be suppressed, and microorganisms population dominated by organic matter decomposer. To maintain soil fertility and healthy intensive paddy fields, we need to inventory the soil biological resources including functional microorganism populations. This research aimed to study the status of biological resources and seeked the opportunities of their enhancement in intensive paddy fields. The study was carried out from March till June 2014. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm from nine locations of intensive paddy field with high production (> 7.0 tons of grain at harvest moisture condition (GKP).ha-1), moderate (> 4.0 to 7.0 tons GKP.ha-1), and low (<4.0 tons GKP.ha-1). The results showed that under intensive paddy field, only fauna Nemathode and epigaic earthworms of Perionyx, sp. were found. Populations of organisms and soil physical properties had no direct influence on the growth and production of paddy, but the biological activity and the population of Nemathodes significantly affected the content of C-org, N, P soil, while Azotobacter affected the content of soil C-org and soil P. The role of soil organisms in enhancing nutrient availability of intensive rice needs to be optimized by balanced fertilization.
THE USE OF CLIMATE INFORMATION FOR DEVELOPING EARLY WARNING SYSTEM TO BROWN PLANT HOPPER ATTACK ON PADDIES SUSANTI, ERNI; RAMADHANI, F.; JUNE, T.; AMIEN, L.I
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

Crop pests and diseases are limiting factors in determining crops production. Brown Plant Hopper/BPH (Nilaparvata lugens) is the major crop pests and diseases for rice in Asia since 1970?s. The presence of BPH is depending upon several conditions covering pathogenic characteristics, carriers, physical environment (rainfall, temperature, humidity etc.) and biotic environment (natural enemy, competitor organisms). BPH growth is very fast delivering huge amount of eggs, has a short life cycle (28 days) with fast distribution forces and incredible attack forces. BPH is very dynamic in their live assuming due to the climatic condition of their habitat. This is the reason why climate can be used as an indicator for early warning to anticipate the area attack of BPH especially and in general for crop pests and diseases control. The relationship between pest and diseases attack and climate parameters such as rainfall, mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean humidity, maximum humidity, and minimum humidity can be analyzed using multiple regression. The early warning system is developed using software of MS Access, Arc View, Map Object, and Visual Basic that can be a dynamic and interactive system. The results of analysis showed that climate parameter has a correlation with the area attack of BPH only during the La-Niña years. Those parameters include rainfall, maximumtemperature, maximum temperature at two weeks before attack, minimum temperature, and minimum temperature at two weeks before attack. The early warning system is started by entering the climate prediction for the next cropping season where the time is subject to prediction, at a certain sub-district. After inputting data of climate prediction the system will provide information of potential area attack of BPH at that location. By performing information of potential area attack the anticipative action can be designed earlier so that the crops harvest failure can be reduced.
PENGARUH METODE STERILISASI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA CO-60 TERHADAP BAHAN PEMBAWA DAN VIABILITAS SPORA GIGASPORA MARGARITA Nurrobifahmi, Nurrobifahmi; Anas, Iswandi; Setiadi, Yadi; Ishak, Ishak
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 41, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v41n1.2017.1-8

Abstract

Abstrak. Proses sterilisasi digunakan untuk menghilangkan atau mengurangi mikroba yang tidak diinginkan terdapat di dalam bahan pembawa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh jenis sterilisasi terhadap viabilitas spora G. margarita  dan ketersediaan Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ di dalam bahan pembawa zeolit, kompos dan tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sterilisasi autoklaf, radiasi sinar gamma dosis 40 dan 50 kGy mampu mensterilkan bahan pembawa di zeolit sampai 0 cfu/g, sedangkan pada bahan pembawa kompos yang diradiasi dengan sinar gamma dosis 50 kGy mampu mengurangi mikroba sebanyak 76 kali dibandingkan dengan menggunakan sterilisasi autoklaf. Pada penyimpanan 1 bulan pasca sterilisasi menggunakan autoklaf pada zeolit viabilitas spora G. margarita tertinggi sebesar 46.95%, sedangkan untuk kompos viabilitasnya tidak ada yang hidup. Pada penyimpanan 3 bulan pasca sterilisasi pada radiasi dosis 10 kGy pada zeolit viabilitas spora G. margarita tertinggi sebesar 45.81%, sedangkan pada kompos viabilitasnya tidak ada yang hidup. Jenis sterilisasi menunjukkan pada bahan pembawa zeolit dan tanah tidak berpengaruh signifikan sedangkan pada kompos berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Fe2+. Sterilisasi dengan radiasi dosis 50 kGy pada bahan pembawa zeolit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Mn2+. Sterilisasi dengan autoklaf pada tanah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Mn2+. Jenis sterilisasi pada bahan pembawa tanah tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Zn2+ sedangkan pada zeolit dan kompos berpengaruh signifikan  terhadap Zn2+ .Abstract. Sterilization is one of technique to remove or minimize undesirable microbe that found in the carrier material. This present study aimed to reveal the effect of sterilization techniques on viability G. margarita spore and availability of Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ contained in carrier material, compost and soil. The result of the study showed that autoclave sterilization,  gamma ray radiation with dose of 40 and 50 kGy were able to sterilize carrier material in zeolite up to 0 cfu/g, while in the carrier material of irradiated compost with dose of 50 kGy was able to decrease amount of microbe as much as 76 times compared to autoclave sterilization. After one month incubation period, the autoclave sterilization on zeolite gave the highest spore viability, with 46.95%, while autoclave sterilization on compost gave the spore viability nothing live. At the 3 months post-incubation, sterilization using irradiation dose of 10 kGy on zeolite gave the highest spore viability with 45.81%, while the compost spore viability nothing live. The type sterilization had no effect on carrier material of zeolite and soil but had an effect on Fe2+ contained on compost . Sterilization using irradiation dose of 50 kGy on the zeolite?s carrier material was significantly affecting the Mn2+.  As well as soil sterilization using autoclave the type sterilization on Zn2+ had  no effect on soil?scarrier material, whereas it had its effect on Zn2+ from the zeolite and compost. Mycorrhiza Carrier Materials; Sterilization; Gamma Ray Irradiation Co-60
EFFECT OF COMPACTED COMPOUND SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER TO IMMATURE OIL PALM GROWTH AND YIELD ON XANTHIC HAPLUDOX, IN MERANGIN, JAMBI WIGENA, I GEDE PUTU; PURNOMO, J.; TUHERKIH, E.; SALEH, A.
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 24 (2006): Desember 2006
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n24.2006.%p

Abstract

Oil palm is one of promoted plantation commodity that is developed intensively by the government. This phenomena need to be supported by an appropriate management mainly the fertilization aspects to maintain its productivity at high level. Field experiment has been conducted to test the effect of the compacted compound slow release fertilizer, formulated in stick fertilizer, to immature oil palm growth and fruit bunches production on Xanthic Hapludox from 2003 to 2005. Seven fertilization treatments, namely farmer?s practice (A); recommended fertilization (B); controll (C); 1 fertilizer stick/trunk (D); 2 fertilizer sticks/trunk (E); 3 fertilizer sticks/trunk (F); and 2 fertilizer sticks combined with foliar fertilizer (Fosfo N)(G) have been tested on the experiment. All treatments were arranged in randomize complete block design with three replications. The result showed that the tested fertilizer could improve oil palm growth and increased fruit bunches production significantly. The highest yield was provided by 3 fertilizer stick/trunk (G) with growth scoring 90.30% and 31.43 kg of fruit bunches/trunk. This yield was significantly different with all others tested treatment, except recommended treatment (B) with growth scoring and fruit bunches were 87.30% and 30.57 kg/trunk/month, respectively. Compared to the recommended treatment, the application of the tested fertilizer could decrease the total fertilizers required by the farmers due to the increasing of fertilization efficiency about 50-60%. Based on nutrients dynamic and number of fertilizers required by oil palm, the existing recommended fertilization should be changed in order tomaintain nutrient balance in the soil. The proposed changes of recommended fertilization is by increasing of potassium dosage because oil palm absorp potassium at the highest number from the soil. Besides that, sulfur should be applicated due to the higher absorption by the crop from the soil, whereas the highly weathered soil has lower capacity in supplying sulfur for crop growth so that sulfur is adsorp extensively from the soil and causes imbalance nutrient in the soil.
PELARUTAN 3 JENIS FOSFAT ALAM OLEH FUNGI PELARUT FOSFAT Flatian, Anggi Nico; Slamet, Sudono; Citraresmini, Ania
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v42n2.2018.83-90

Abstract

Abstrak. Fosfat alam dapat ditingkatkan kelarutannya melalui proses kimia dan menghasilkan pupuk P kimia mudah larut. Namun dalam proses pembuatannya memerlukan biaya dan jumlah bahan kimia yang relatif besar. Selain itu penggunaan pupuk kimia yang berlebihan juga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan. Salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan kelarutan fosfat alam adalah menggunakan mikrob pelarut fosfat, termasuk golongan fungi yang dilaporkan memiliki kemampuan pelarutan P tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan sasaran mendapatkan data hasil uji kemampuan 5 isolat fungi pelarut fosfat (FPF) dalam melarutkan P dari 3 jenis fosfat alam (fosfat alam Mesir, Yordania dan Maroko). Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat dinamika P terlarut dan pH media selama pengujian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa isolat FPF yang diuji meningkatkan kelarutan fosfat alam secara signifikan. Kelarutan P maksimum pada pelarutan fosfat alam Mesir dicapai oleh isolat JK2 (211.8  µg P/ml), fosfat alam Yordania oleh JK1 (325.1 µg P/ml) dan fosfat alam Maroko oleh SS10.6 (118.7 µg P/ml). Besarnya pelarutan fosfat alam oleh FPF sangat dipengaruhi oleh nilai pH media yang dicapai. Kami mengamati bahwa terdapat korelasi negatif signifikan antara nilai P terlarut dengan nilai pH media. Semakin rendah nilai pH yang dicapai maka semakin tinggi nilai P terlarut di dalam media. Hasil penelitiaan juga menunjukan bahwa besarnya nilai P terlarut dan dan pH media berfluktuasi selama pengujian dengan pola fluktuasi yang berbeda antara masing-masing isolat.Abstract. The solubility of rock phosphates can be increased through chemical processes to produce soluble chemical P fertilizers. Howeever, this processes were costly and required chemicals in large quantities. In addition, Overuse of chemical fertilizers also caused environmental damage. One alternatif to increase the solubility of rock phosphate is to use Phosphate-solubilizing microbes, including  fungi group which have been reported  that have great abillity to solubilise P. Experiment conducted with the objective of obtaining the data result containing the ability of 5 isolates of phosphate-solubilizing fungi isolates in dissolving P from 3 types of rock phosphate (rock phosphate of Egypt, Jordan and Morocco). The dynamics of P solubilization and pH medium during eksperiment time were also observed. The results showed that the rock phosphate solubilization were significantly increased by the isolates tested. Maximum P-released from Egypt, Jordan and Marroco rock phosphates respectively were reached by JK2 (211.8  µg P/ml), JK1 (325.1 µg P/ml) and SS10.6 (118.7 µg P/ml).  The amount of soluble P was significantly effected by pH medium. Significant negative correlations were observed between the amount of P released with pH medium, which the higher drop in pH caused higher P released. The results also showed that the amount of soluble P and pH medium fluctuated during eksperiment time with different patterns between each isolate.
MANAGEMENT OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY ON INCEPTISOLS TO IMPROVE MAIZE GROWTH NURSYAMSI, DEDI; BUDIARTO, A.; ANGGRIA, L.
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 20 (2002): Desember 2002
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n20.2002.%p

Abstract

Maize is very prospective to be developed in upland Inceptisols if supported by proper soil management and suitable varieties. Research aimed to study nutrient limiting factors of Inceptisols for the development of maize (Zea mays L.). Research had been conducted at chemical laboratory and green house of Center for Soil and Agroclimate Research in Bogor by using soil samples taken from Sukabumi, West Java. The green house experiment utilized minus one test method with randomized block design, eleven treatments, and three replications. Maize crop of Pioner C3 variety was used as plant indicator. Parameters employed in this experiment were: (1) the dry weight of 4 week old-maize, (2) plant nutrients uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, and Cu; and (3) soil properties analyses on soil pH H2O, Org-C, total-N, P-HCl, K-HCl, P-Bray 1, P-Olsen,exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K, CEC, exchangeable Al and H, as well as Cu and Zn-DTPA. The results showed that N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, and Zn fertilizations increased soil N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, and Zn contents as well as plant nutrient uptake. Fertilization of Ca (lime) decreased soil exchangeable Al and H as well as plant Al uptake. The application of rice straw increased soil organic C and CEC, and also plant nutrient uptake. N, P, and K nutrients, and organic matter were found out as the primary constraints to maize growth in Inceptisols of Sukabumi. To solve the limiting factors, the soils need to be treated with 270-300 kg urea, 240 kg SP-36, 100 kg KCl, and 3-5 tons organic matter per ha. It is recommended that urea and KCl to be applied gradually : before planting, 4 and 6 weeks after planting, respectively. SP-36 fertilizer is mixed with urea and KCl and drown into the soil before planting. Organic matter was formerly composted and mixed with the soils during land preparation.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PEMANTAUAN ELEVASI MUKA AIR LAHAN GAMBUT UNTUK PERTANIAN DI KOTA BANJARBARU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN Runtunuwu, Eleonora; Syahbuddin, Haris; Supriyo, Agus; Raihan, Suaidi; Kartiwa, Budi; Sosiawan, Hendri; Sari, Kharmila; Sudarman, Kurmen; Nugroho, Wahyu Tri
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 37, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v37n2.2013.87-100

Abstract

Abstrak. Kendala utama dalam melakukan pengukuran elevasi muka air di lahan gambut adalah permukaan tanah yang bergelombang, sehingga membutuhkan banyak titik pengamatan untuk mendapatkan data elevasi muka air yang representatif. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pemantauan elevasi muka air yang merupakan prosedur untuk mendapatkan seri data elevasi muka air pada beberapa titik pengamatan dengan menggunakan titik referensi yang sama. Data pengamatan elevasi ini selanjutnya dimanfaatkan untuk pengelolaan air lahan gambut untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air tanaman padi. Telah dilakukan penelitian di Desa Syamsudin Noor, Kecamatan Landasan Ulin, Kota Banjarbaru Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, dari bulan Maret sampai Oktober 2011, yang meliputi instalasi satu unit Automatic Weather Station, dua puluh empat piezometer di lahan pertanian, lima rambu ukur dan dua pintu air di saluran tersier. Pembukaan dan penutupan pintu air pada waktu yang tepat mengakibatkan elevasi muka air dapat dipertahankan pada kondisi 20 cm terhadap kedalaman muka air tanah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman padi. Masalah pada musim kemarau adalah terbatasnya pasokan air dari saluran drainase ke lahan yang menyebabkan tanaman padi tidak selalu tergenang. Oleh karena itu, pintu air pada saluran tersier barat dan timur perlu ditinggikan agar elevasi muka air lahan dapat lebih mudah diatur. Pengembangan sistem pemantau elevasi muka air terpadu di lahan dan saluran dengan menggunakan titik referensi yang spesifik lokasi akan memberikan informasi elevasi muka air yang lebih akurat. Data rekaman elevasi muka air runut waktu ini dapat digunakan dalam penyusunan rancang bangun teknik pengelolaan air lahan gambut untuk pertanian.
BIODIVERSITAS DAN SIFAT KIMIA TANAH PADA EKOSISTEM LADA DAN UBI KAYU DI LAMPUNG TIMUR Irawati, Arfi; Widyastuti, Rahayu; Sutandi, Atang; Idris, Komaruddin
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 40, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v40n1.2016.51-59

Abstract

Abstrak. Biodiversitas tanah dipengaruhi oleh ekosistem lahan pertanian dan biodiversitas menggambarkan kesuburan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh ekosistem lada (Piper nigrum) dan ubi kayu (Manihot esculenta) terhadap keragaman fauna tanah, mikroba tanah fungsional dan sifat kimia tanah. Pengambilan contoh tanah dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Lampung Timur pada akhir musim kemarau pada bulan Agustus 2013. Hasil identifikasi pada ekosistem lada dan ubi kayu menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 11 taksa biota tanah yang terdiri dari kelompok mesofauna (Acari dan Collembola) dan kelompok makrofauna ( Aranea, Chilopoda, Coleoptera, Diplura, Diplopoda, Hymenoptera, Isopoda, Isoptera dan Pseudoscorpion). Total kelimpahan fauna tanah yang ditemukan sebanyak 17529 individu terdiri dari 7210 individu pada ekosistem lada dan 10319 individu pada ekosistem ubi kayu. Populasi azotobacter, mikroba selulotik dan total bakteri pada ekosistem lada berbeda secara signifikan dengan ekosistem ubi kayu, sedangkan populasi bakteri pelarut fosfat dan total fungi tidak berbeda nyata. Sifat kimia tanah tidak berbeda signifikan antara kedua ekosistem ini. Berdasarkan analisis diskriman diketahui bahwa KTK, ldd, C-organik, pasir, liat dan total bakteri memiliki nilai fungsi sebagai faktor pembeda dan sifat-sifat ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai basis untuk pengelolaan tanah pada ekosistem lada dan ubi kayu.Abstract. Soil biodiversity is influenced by agricultural ecosystems and the biodiversity is an indicator of soil fertility. The objective of this research were to evaluate the effects of pepper (Piper nigrum) and cassava (Manihot esculenta) ecosystems on soil fauna biodiversity, population of functional microbes, and soil chemical properties. Soil samples were taken from East Lampung District in the end of dry season (August) 2013. The identification revealed 11 taxa of soil biota, i.e. group of mesofauna (Acari and Collembola) and group of macrofauna (Araneae, Chilopoda, Coleoptera, Diplura, Diplopoda, Hymenoptera, Isopoda, Isoptera, and Pseudoscorpion). The total abundance of soil fauna was 17529 individuals; 7210 in pepper and 10319 in cassava, but there was no significant difference in mean soil fauna abundance between the two ecosystems. Azotobacter, cellulotic and total bacteria showed significant differences in the abundance between pepper and cassava ecosystems, but the significant difference was not detected for phosphate solubilizing bacteria and total fungi. The soil chemical characteristics were not different between the two ecosystems. Based on the discriminant analysis, the variables that differentiated the two ecosystems were cation exchange capacity, exchangeable Al, organic carbon content, sand content, clay content, and total bacteria. These variables can be used as the basis for managing the pepper and casava ecosystems. 

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All Issue Vol 46, No 1 (2022): Akan Terbit Resmi pada Juli 2022 Vol 45, No 2 (2021) Vol 45, No 1 (2021) Vol 45, No 1 (2021): (Akan Terbit Resmi pada Bulan Juli) Vol 44, No 2 (2020) Vol 44, No 1 (2020) Vol 43, No 2 (2019) Vol 43, No 1 (2019) Vol 42, No 2 (2018) Vol 42, No 1 (2018) Vol 41, No 2 (2017) Vol 41, No 1 (2017) Vol 40, No 2 (2016) Vol 40, No 1 (2016) Vol 39, No 2 (2015) Vol 39, No 1 (2015) Vol 38, No 2 (2014) Vol 38, No 1 (2014) Vol 37, No 2 (2013) Vol 37, No 1 (2013) No 34 (2011): Desember 2011 No 33 (2011): Juli 2011 No 32 (2010): Desember 2010 No 31 (2010): Juli 2010 No 30 (2009): Desember 2009 No 29 (2009): Juli 2009 No 28 (2008): Desember 2008 No 27 (2008): Juli 2008 No 26 (2007): Desember 2007 No 25 (2007): Juli 2007 No 24 (2006): Desember 2006 No 23 (2005): Desember 2005 No 22 (2004): Desember 2004 No 21 (2003): Desember 2003 No 20 (2002): Desember 2002 No 19 (2001): Desember 2001 No 18 (2000): Desember 2000 More Issue