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I Ketut Andika Priastana
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Babali Nursing Research
Published by Babali Health
ISSN : 27766993     EISSN : 27215989     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37363/bnr
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing
The Babali Nursing Research provides a forum for original research and scholarship about health care delivery, organisation, management, workforce, policy and research methods relevant to nursing, midwifery and other health related professions. The BNR aims to support evidence informed policy and practice by publishing research, systematic and other scholarly reviews, critical discussion, and commentary of the highest standard. The journal particularly welcomes studies that aim to evaluate and understand complex health care interventions and health policies and which employ the most rigorous designs and methods appropriate for the research question of interest. The journal also seeks to advance the quality of research by publishing methodological papers introducing or elaborating on analytic techniques, measures, and research methods.
Arjuna Subject : Keperawatan - Keperawatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 301 Documents
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Effectiveness of the SABA Program on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Infant Outcomes in Makassar Harun, Ayatullah; Ayu Wulandari, Ikrawanty; Dirmansyah Asela, Siti Aisyah Ochin; Nurhasia
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71536

Abstract

Introduction: Low breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) is one of the main barriers to successful exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life. The SABA (Sentuhan ASI Bahagia) program was developed as an integrated intervention to strengthen breastfeeding support through education on breastfeeding techniques and training in infant massage. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the SABA program on BSE, breastfeeding frequency, infant weight, and mothers’ knowledge and skills.Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was conducted with 40 mothers and their infants at the Panambungan Primary Health Center, Mariso District, Makassar City. The research instrument was developed by the researcher and tested for validity and reliability before use during the main data collection. Bivariate analysis was conducted to compare pre-test and post-test values for the variables infant massage knowledge, breastfeeding technique knowledge, infant massage skills, breastfeeding technique skills, breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE), breastfeeding frequency, and infant weight after the SABA Program intervention.Results: BSE increased significantly after the intervention (p < 0.05). Breastfeeding frequency and infant weight also increased significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, mothers’ knowledge and skills in breastfeeding and infant massage improved significantly (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The SABA program is an effective integrated intervention to enhance BSE and improve breastfeeding outcomes, supporting its integration into breastfeeding support strategies in primary healthcare settings (Puskesmas).Top of Form
Analysis of Factors Associated with The Incidence of HIV AIDS among Housewives: A Mixed-Methods Study Windiramadhan, Alvian Pristy; Carsita, Wenny Nugrahati; Husnaniyah, Dedeh
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71537

Abstract

Introduction: While new HIV infections among key populations have declined, infections among women traditionally considered low-risk, particularly housewives, have increased. The problem that arises in housewives with HIV is the tendency to keep their disease status secret, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment, which leads to an increase in HIV transmission. However, factors related to HIV incidence in housewives have not been sufficiently explored. This study aims to analyze factors associated with HIV/AIDS incidence among housewives.Methods: This study used a sequential explanatory mixed methods design. A total of 323 respondents were involved in the quantitative study, while the qualitative study involved 6 housewives and 4 triangulation informants, including family members, nurses, counselors, and non-governmental organization leaders. The sampling technique used was purposive, based on the inclusion criteria. This study was conducted at a hospital in Indramayu Regency. Data analysis used the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS).Results: Structural model analysis showed that predisposing factors and sexual behavior have a significant direct effect on HIV incidence, while precipitating factors have an indirect effect through sexual behavior.Conclusion: HIV incidence among housewives is influenced by predisposing factors, precipitating factors, and risky sexual behavior. HIV incidence among housewives is not only influenced by individual behavior, but also by social, economic, cultural, and gender relations within the household. Therefore, HIV prevention must be carried out comprehensively, taking these aspects into account.
Women’s Preferences for Advertised Chemical Products vs. Natural Herbal Ingredients for Reproductive Organ Hygiene and Health Mauludiyah, Indah; Miftakhul Mahfirah Ermadona; Eva Inayatul faiza; Riski Akbarani
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71543

Abstract

Introduction: The comparison between advertised chemical-based products and natural herbal ingredients largely depends on individual preferences, cultural backgrounds, and personal experiences. This study aims to analyze the extent to which advertisements and other factors influence women of reproductive age's consumer preferences for chemical-based and herbal hygiene products.Methods: This study analyzed the preferences of women of reproductive age regarding reproductive hygiene products, comparing chemical-based products advertised with natural herbal alternatives. A quantitative survey was conducted on 100 women aged 15–45 years in Kepanjen, Blimbing, Singosari, and Dau, using a stratified random sampling method. Data were collected via questionnaires covering knowledge, product use, selection reasons, and satisfaction levels. Descriptive analysis and Chi-Square (χ²) tests were applied to examine relationships between information sources, product types, and satisfaction levels.Results: 70% of respondents used chemical-based products, mainly due to advertising (45%), while 35% prefered herbal products for safety and family tradition (60%). Respondents who obtained information from advertisements were more likely to use chemical-based products (χ² = 22.48, p = 0.0041), whereas those consulting healthcare professionals preferred herbal products (χ² = 15.72, p = 0.028). A significant relationship was found between product type and satisfaction level (χ² = 9.00, p = 0.0111), with users of herbal products reporting higher satisfaction. However, no significant association was found between product type and side effects (χ² = 5.63, p = 0.060), suggesting that other factors may influence side effects.Conclusion: Although most women prefer chemical-based products due to advertising, satisfaction levels are higher among users of herbal products. Further education on the benefits and risks of both types of products is essential to help women make informed choices for maintaining reproductive hygiene and health.
Evidence-Based Practice in Hypertension Management: A Review of Acupressure, Progressive Muscle Relaxation, and Mobile Health Interventions Jaya Kusuma, I Made; Suyasa, I Gede Putu Darma; Nuryanto, Kadek; Wulandari, Sarah Kartika
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71545

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the availability of pharmacological treatments, poor adherence and low patient awareness remain barriers to effective long-term management. Non-pharmacological interventions such as acupressure and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) have demonstrated consistent benefits, yet broader implementation is limited by inadequate education, practical guidance, and patient engagement. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies offer opportunities for real-time monitoring and self-management support, but integrating complementary therapies into digital platforms remains underexplored. It aims to synthesize current evidence on the effectiveness of acupressure, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), and mobile health (mHealth) interventions in enhancing self-management among individuals with hypertension.Methods: A narrative review with narrative synthesis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and the PICOS framework. Searches were performed in PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using predefined keywords. No artificial intelligence (AI)–based tools were employed. Fifteen eligible studies were identified and thematically analyzed. The review included 15 eligible studies that examined non-pharmacological and digital interventions for hypertension management. Results: Specifically, three studies on acupressure explicitly reported significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, while eight studies on progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), including multimodal formats combined with breathing exercises, music, or audiovisual support, consistently demonstrated improvements in blood pressure, stress, and sleep quality. In addition, three studies on mobile health (mHealth) interventions reported enhanced adherence, patient engagement, and self-monitoring behaviors. One additional study investigated acupuncture (needle-based stimulation rather than manual acupressure); this study was retained for completeness but not synthesized with the primary findings due to differences in intervention characteristics.Conclusion: Overall, although strong evidence supports the effectiveness of acupressure, PMR, and mHealth individually, none of the included studies integrated acupressure and PMR within a single mHealth platform, underscoring a critical gap in digital hypertension management research.
Gait Parameters and Fall Risk Among Older Adults in Tabanan Regency Dewi, Ni Putu Indira Prana; Wirata, Gede; Sudiman, Jaqueline; Muliani
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71547

Abstract

Introduction: Fall risk is a major geriatric concern linked to age-related gait instability. Changes in gait parameters, such as step length, step width, and walking speed, reflect neuromuscular decline and increase instability. While international evidence supports this association, local data among community-dwelling older adults in Tabanan Regency, Bali, remain limited. This study aimed to examine the association between gait parameters and fall risk.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 119 community-dwelling adults aged 60–79 years. Gait parameters, including step length, step width, and walking speed, were assessed using the 10-meter walk test, and fall risk was measured using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors.Results: A total of 36.1% of participants were classified as at risk of falling. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between fall risk and step length (p = 0.050), step width (p = 0.006), walking speed (p < 0.001), and age (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified walking speed (AOR = 0.150; p = 0.005), leg-length symmetry (AOR = 0.292; p = 0.026), and step width (AOR = 0.345; p = 0.038) as independent predictors. Step length was excluded from the multivariate analysis due to complete separation in the data.Conclusion: Walking speed, step width, and leg-length symmetry were independent predictors of fall risk. These findings support the use of simple gait assessments for early fall risk screening in community and primary care settings.
STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING OPEN DEFECATION FREE (ODF) VILLAGES IN BALI PROVINCE Ni Made, Kasturiani; Ni Putu, Pandawani; I Made, Wahyu Wijaya
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: The availability of safe and adequate sanitation can reduce high infant and under-five mortality rates. Access to sanitation in Bali Province reached 97.12% in 2021; however, the achievement of Open Defecation Free (ODF) villages remained very low at only 45.5%, below the national average of 48.7%. Even by the second quarter of 2022, out of 716 villages/ward, only 330 (46.09%) had achieved ODF status. Accordingly, this study was conducted to determine strategies for achieving ODF villages in Bali Province. Method: The study used a cross-sectional design. It was exploratory in nature, examining internal and external conditions in the form of strengths and weaknesses (internal factors) as well as opportunities and threats (external factors). These strategic factors were analyzed using a SWOT model. Results: The presence of rewards/incentives for ODF villages and an STBM monitoring system were showed significant strengths (score 0.63). The main weakness factor was the lack of cross-sectoral coordination (score 0.52). The highest-scoring opportunity factor was the triggering of behavior change and health promotion by community health centers (Puskesmas) (score 0.67), while the most significant threat factor was the limited availability of clean water facilities (score 0.73). Conclusion: Strategies for achieving ODF villages include: strengthening programs through regulations, budget allocation, monitoring-evaluation systems, cross-sectoral collaboration, sanitation technology development, capacity building of potential human resources, integration of STBM with other priority programs, one of which is the Settlement Sanitation Development Program. Keywords: Open Defecation Village, Bali Province, SWOT Model
The Effect of Transdermal Application of Ananas comosus Peel Extract on Lowering Blood Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Trial Palupi, Eva Riantika Ratna; Sandi, Yudisa Diaz Lutfi; Rahmawati, Rahmi
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.72548

Abstract

Aims: This study examined whether transdermal application of Ananas comosus peel extract could effectively reduce blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients within a primary health care setting. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Primary Health Centre involving 86 elderly with hypertension. After exclusion and dropout, 64 participants completed the study (32 in intervention group, 32 in control group). The intervention group received daily transdermal application of Ananas comosus peel extract, while the control group received no active treatment, over seven consecutive days. Blood pressure was measured each morning and evening. Between-group differences were tested with independent t-tests; within-group changes with paired t-tests. Results: Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics did not differ significantly between groups (p > 0.05). No significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), or mean arterial pressure (MAP) were observed between groups during Days 1–3. By Day 4, the intervention group showed significantly greater reductions in SBP (p= 0.005), DBP (p= 0.034), and MAP (p= 0.014), with progressively larger differences through Day 7 (all p< 0.001). Within the intervention group, SBP, DBP, and MAP decreased significantly from baseline to Day 7 (p< 0.001), whereas the control group exhibited minimal, non-significant changes. Conclusion: Transdermal application of Ananas comosus peel extract produced a statistically significant and time-dependent reduction in blood pressure starting from Day 4, with continued improvement until one week. These findings support its potential as a non-pharmacological adjunct in managing essential hypertension among older adults
Effectiveness of Mulligan Natural Apophyseal Glides as an Adjunct to Conventional Physiotherapy in Recreational Surfers with Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Study Putra, I Putu Yudi Pramana; M. Widnyana; Utama, A.A Eka Septian; Winaya, I Made Niko; Sutyawan, I Wayan Eka
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.72554

Abstract

Background: Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) commonly affects recreational surfers and leads to functional limitations; however, conventional physiotherapy often focuses on symptom relief, leaving a gap in addressing underlying biomechanical dysfunctions. Evidence on the added value of Mulligan’s Natural Apophyseal Glides (NAGs) in this population remains limited. Methods: This experimental study used a randomized pretest–posttest two-group design conducted at a physiotherapy clinic in Bali (2024). A total of 32 male surfers aged 30–40 years with NSLBP were selected using purposive sampling and allocated into two groups (n=16 each). The independent variables were conventional physiotherapy and conventional physiotherapy combined with Mulligan’s NAGs and ultrasound therapy, while the dependent variable was functional ability measured using the Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI). Interventions were administered three times per week for three months. Data were analysed using paired sample t-tests (within-group) and independent t-tests (between-group). Results: Both groups demonstrated improvement; however, the group receiving additional Mulligan’s NAGs showed greater reduction in MODI scores (31.13% ± 3.341) compared to the conventional group (29.09% ± 2.731), with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The addition of Mulligan’s NAGs is more effective in improving functional outcomes in NSLBP. Clinically, nurses and rehabilitation providers should consider integrating biomechanical-based interventions alongside conventional therapy to optimize patient recovery.
Teaching the integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness: experiences of Lesotho nurse educators: Original Research Shelile, Mpho Z.; Qhobela, ‘Malihaelo C.; Masakoane, Reentseng Christina
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.72555

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the development of the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) strategy to reduce child morbidity and mortality and promote optimal child growth and development in low- and middle-income countries, preventable childhood deaths remain a significant public health concern. Evidence suggests that IMNCI is not consistently implemented in clinical practice, partly due to gaps in the pre-service preparation of healthcare providers. Aim: to explore nurse educators’ experiences of teaching the IMNCI strategy in nurse training institutions in Lesotho. Methods: The study adopted a descriptive qualitative design to gain an in-depth understanding of nurse educators’ experiences of teaching the IMNCI strategy. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach, with ethical principles observed throughout the study. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing 12 nurse educators.  Results: Three themes emerged from the analysis: the benefits of teaching IMNCI, challenges of teaching IMNCI, and measures to improve teaching of IMNCI. Findings indicate that while IMNCI facilitates the use of diverse pedagogical methodologies, a lack of educator orientation remains a barrier. Consequently, most nurse educators advocate for the formal integration of IMNCI into nursing curricula to standardize its implementation. Conclusion: Teaching IMNCI promotes competency-based learning, clinical decision-making, counseling skills, and rational drug use among nursing students in Lesotho. However, effective teaching is hindered by limited curriculum time, inadequate simulation, inconsistent availability of guidelines, weak clinical integration, and insufficient IMNCI knowledge among educators, nurses, and preceptors, underscoring the need to strengthen IMNCI training.
Implementation of the Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) Partnership Program, Pillar 4, in the Working Area of Public Health Center I, North Denpasar Saraswati, Anak Agung Sagung Ratu Putri; Cempaka, Pande Putu Ayu Rissa; Arisanthi, Gusti Agung Ayu Nanda
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.72569

Abstract

Introduction: In 2025, Denpasar City recorded the highest waste volume in Bali, averaging 1.005 tons per day. Overall, Bali is in a waste emergency with a total daily output of 3.436 tons, of which 64,86% is organic waste. Implementing the fourth pillar of STBM is one solution to addressing domestic waste by involving active community participation. The study aimed to determine the implementation of the partnership for STBM pillar 4 in the working area of Puskesmas I North Denpasar. Methods: This study employed a descriptive quantitative approach with the STBM verification data collection method. The population comprised all households in North Denpasar. Sampling was conducted in 5 sub-districts, encompassing 16 banjars. The samples were taken from 40 households. Results: 76.8% of households have not managed their waste. Meanwhile, only 23.3% of households have managed their waste. The presentation results for the four criteria for good and correct waste management are 67.25% of households have maintained a clean home environment by not allowing waste to be scattered. A total of 54.25% of families have closed, sturdy, and easy-to-clean trash cans, yet about half still lack adequate waste disposal facilities. 55.75% of families have implemented safe waste management practices. Only 35.5% of families have sorted their waste. Conclusion: The implementation of STBM pillar 4 in the Puskesmas I North Denpasar working area is still not optimal. The success of this pillar is not only about the availability of trash bins; it also requires a more comprehensive approach that fosters active community participation through partnership programs in waste sorting and management

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