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Arif Rahman Hikam
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BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27148564     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal BioEksakta menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang biologi umum termasuk Ekologi dan konservasi, Taksonomi dan Struktur, Biogeografi, Evolusi, Biodeversitas, Fisiologi dan Reproduksi, Biologi sel, Biologi Molekuler dan Genetika.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 50 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta" : 50 Documents clear
Keanekaragaman Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) di Kawasan Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang Jawa Tengah Annisa Fadwa Rhodiyah; Darsono Darsono; Edy Riwidiharso
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (385.863 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1764

Abstract

Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah memiliki keanekaragaman yang tinggi baik itu flora maupun faunanya Salah satu indikator kestabilan ekosistem yang baik di suatu ekosistem hutan yaitu adanya keanekaragaman semut. Semut berperan penting dalam ekosistem terestrial sebagai predator, herbivor, detrivor, dan granivor. Semakin tinggi keanekaragaman semut, semakin tinggipula tingkat kesehatan hutan tersebut.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan dominansi spesies semutdi Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik pengambilan sampel perangkap jebak (pitfall trap) denganukuranplot1 m x 1 m sebanyak 8 plot. Pada masing-masing plotdibuat 4 subplot untuk pemasangan pitfall trap yang berisi air gula.Semut diambil dari gelas plastik yang berukuran diameter 7,5 cm dan tinggi 10,5 cm yang ditanam setengah dari tinggi gelas plastik dari permukaan tanah, dipasang setiap minggu selama satu bulan kemudian didokumentasikan dan dilakukan identifikasi. Data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ditemukan 982 individu yang berasal dari 1 familia yang terbagi menjadi 4 subfamilia. Adapun tingkat keanekaragaman semut dari ordo Hymenoptera dan familia Formicidae yang ada diCagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah menunjukkan nilai indeks keragaman Shannon (H’) berkisar antara 1,394 - 1,855, indeks kemerataan Evenness (E) berkisar antara 0,448 - 0,7101, sedangkan dominasi Simpson (D) yaitu sebesar 0,6363 - 0,8125.
KEKERABATAN MOLEKULER DARI KULTIVAR BUNGA MATAHARI TEDDY BEAR, SKYSCRAPER, LEOM QUEEN DAN BUNGA MATAHARI MENGGUNAKAN MARKA RAPD Gabriella Ashari Tanudharma; Nurtjahjo Dwi Sasongko; Alice Yuniaty
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (470.407 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1762

Abstract

Helianthus or sunflower is a genus of plant comprising about 70 species. Common sunflower and other members of Helianthae are cultivated in temperate regions and some tropical regions as food crops for humans, cattle, poultry, and as ornamental plants. The common sunflower is valuable with respect of economic and ornamental point of view. There are many cultivars of sunflower including teddy bear, skyscraper, and lemon queen. Variation among these cultivars has been studied using molecular techniques and the result were used to develop the phylogeny among them. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is one of molecular techniques that were used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to contruct the phylogeny of three sunflower cultivars and common sunflower based on RAPD markers. The RAPD primers used in this study were OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-4, OPB5, OPB-7, and OPB-11. Data analysis based on molecular data showed that genetic relationship among Lemon Queen, Skyscraper, Teddy Bear and Common sunflower based on RAPD markers shows that the cultivars studied are grouped into three main groups, namely: Group I Lemon Queen and Skyscraper, Group II Teddy Bear, and Group III Common sunflower; the closest kinship is shown between Lemon Queen and Skyscraper.
Diversity and Evenness of Medicinal Plants in Bantarbolang Nature Reserve Block 19-21, Pemalang, Central Java Mufadila Day Muhyi; Edy Yani; Pudji Widodo
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (441.126 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1752

Abstract

This study was conducted in Bantarbolang Nature Reserve located in Kebon Gede village, Bantarbolang sub-district, Pemalang Regency. Bantarbolang is one of the nature reserves that have the structure and composition of complex vegetation so that there is a diversity of plants which can grow in a conservation area, such as medicinal plants diversity. The objectives of this study were to know the various species of medicinal plants in the Bantarbolang nature reserve block 19-21 and to know the evenness of medicinal plants in the Bantarbolang nature reserve block 19-21. This study was conducted with survey methods and sampling using a systematic square plot. The variables observed consists of dependent variables i.e. the species of medicinal plant and independent variables include environmental factors i.e. temperature, light intensity, humidity, canopy cover, and soil pH. The parameters observed are the number of species and individual number of medicinal plants. The data were analyzed using the Important Value Index (IVI), Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (e) and Similarity Index (IS). The plant samples were made into voucher herbarium and stored in PUNS for future references. The results of the study showed that the diversity of medicinal plants in the Bantarbolang Nature Reserve Block 19-21 was high (H’≥0) with 48 species from the 33 families of medicinal plants. Evenness of medicinal plants in Bantarbolang nature reserve block 19-21 is low (e closer to 0). Alocasia cucullata is a dominant species of medicinal plant of a distance of 0-200 meters from the forest edge. Keywords: Bantarbolang nature reserve, diversity, medicinal plant
Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Paku Terestrial di Cagar Alam Pemalang Jawa Tengah Sulistiani Nur Laely; Ani Widyastuti; Pudji Widodo
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (582.721 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1966

Abstract

Tumbuhan paku adalah tumbuhan perintis yang dapat ditemukan di setiap tipe kawasan hutan dan memegang peranan penting dalam menyusun ekosistem hutan. Kawasan hutan dapat mengalami perubahan fungsi yang antara lain diakibatkan oleh perbedaan kondisi di tepi hutan dengan di dalam hutan. Dampak dari bertemunya dua kondisi lingkungan yang berbeda tersebut terhadap tumbuhan dan hewan dapat disebut efek tepi (edge effect). Penelitian dilakukan di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan faktor lingkungan tumbuhan paku terestrial di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP), Indeks Keanekaragamaan (H’) Shannon-Wiener, Indeks Kemerataan Spesies (e), dan Indeks Kesamaan Komunitas (IS). Hasil penelitian di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang diperoleh tumbuhan paku terestrial sebanyak 10 spesies yang terdiri dari 400 individu termasuk dalam 6 familia. Spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu Stenochlaena palustris dengan 205 individu. Cagar Alam Bantarbolang dipengaruhi oleh efek tepi, karena semakin ke dalam hutan jumlah spesies tumbuhan paku terestrial semakin sedikit. Faktor lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap jumlah spesies tumbuhan paku terestrial yaitu suhu, intensitas cahaya dan pH tanah.
Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from Ipomoea sp. Rhizospheres Growing in Iron Sand Soil niharoh nurainy; Oedjijono Oedjijono; Ardhini Rin Maharning
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (587.803 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1845

Abstract

Iron sand field, is mostly found along the Indonesia coast. It has low organic matter, contains 38-59% iron (Fe) and sand particles. These characteristics can be called as extreme environments, however there are bacteria capable of growing and surviving in such habitats. Several genera are known as PGPR agents such as Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Pseudomonas. The research objectives were to measure total population of bacteria from rhizosphere of Ipomoea sp. in iron sand soils, to investigate the ability of bacterial isolates capable of fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphate, and producing plant growth hormone such as IAA, and to identify plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from plant rhizospheres candidates growing in iron sand soils. Isolation on NA medium showed that the population were ranged from 1.59 x 105 to 5.2 x 105 CFU.g-1. There were 22 bacterial isolates originated from the media of Ashby, Caceres, and Pikovskaya. Six isolates (A4, A10, C10, P2, P3, and P4) showed high ability to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce IAA. Isolate P4 grew in nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing assay as well as IAA producing. It showed high value of phosphate index (275 mm). Bacterial identification indicated that four isolates (C10, P2, P3, P4) were species members of genus Bacillus and two isolates (A4, A10) were identified as species members of Actinomycetes.
Identifikasi Serotipe dan Sensitivitas Antibiotik S. pneumoniae yang Dibawa Nasofaring Penderita Oma di Kabupaten Banyumas Miranti Oviani; Daniel Joko Wahyono; Dodi Safari
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (365.118 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1779

Abstract

The aims of this study are to detect S. pneumoniae carried by nasopharnyx of children in primary school (aged 6-12 years) that diagnosed with AOM, to identify sensitivity of S. pneumoniae to antibiotics. The design of this study is nonexperimental survey with the descriptive analysis. Sampling was conducted in September - December 2018 in Banyumas district primary schools. Detection of S. pneumoniae was performed with microbiology methods. Meanwhile, serotype was determined by multiplex PCR and sensitivity to antibiotics was deduced using disc diffusion. The result of this study showed that carriage rate of S. pneumoniae carried by nasopharynx in children aged over 5 years that diagnosed with AOM in the Banyumas district was 35%. Serotype of S. pneumoniae obtainend from this study were 6A/6B, 6C/6D, 17F, 3, 13, 14, 23B, and untypeable. In addition, isolates of S. pneumoniae were highly susceptible to clindamycin (100%), erythromycin (100%), sulphametaxazole/trimethoprim (100%), chloramphenicol (88%), oxacillin (77%), and tetracycline (66%).
MORFOLOGI GUILD IKAN DI WADUK PENJALIN Asti Aulia Puspasari; Windiariani Lestari; Nuning Setyaningrum
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (383.515 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1773

Abstract

Waduk Penjalin adalah habitat untuk beragam biota air salahsatunya ikan. Studi tentang komunitas terutama ikan dapat dilakukan secara fungsional yaitu digambarkan dengan pemanfaatan sumber makanan dalam cara dan waktu yang sama disebut dengan guild. Cara makan atau kebiasaan makan ikan mengakibatkan perbedaan struktur anatomi dan morfologi spesies. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tipe guild ikan di Waduk Penjalin. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei dan teknik purposive random sampling pada 5 stasiun di Waduk Penjalin. Variabel yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu guild. Parameter yang diamati yaitu posisi mulut, tipe gigi, tipe tapis insang, panjang tubuh dan panjang usus, serta rasio antar panjang tubuh dan usus. Data guild dianalisis secara deskriptif. Ikan yang tertangkap sebanyak 11 spesies. Guild dalam komunitas ikan di Waduk Penjalin didominasi oleh ikan Karnivora (5 spesies).
Identification of Pollen Characteristics as Apis cerana Feed Sources in Honeycomb, in Serang Purbalingga Vanesa Yolanda; Sukarsa Sukarsa; Hexa Apriliana Hidayah
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (391.6 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1814

Abstract

Serang Purbalingga village is a fertile area and has the potential for the development of Apis cerana honeybee business. Honeybee products are known to have high economic value. The development of honeybee business will be better if supported by the avaibility of pollen from flowering plants as feed sources. Pollen that use to be A. cerana feed sources are taken from plants flower around the beehive and matched with pollen inside honeycomb. The purpose of this research is to determine the diversity and character of pollen from plants found around beehive and inside A. cerana honeycomb. This research conducted by descriptive survey method where the data obtained from field used as material for analysis and describing the characteristics of pollen found. Variable in this research is pollen characters with parameters are pollen units, size, shape, apertures and ornamentation. Based on results, there are 23 species of plants included in 17 families found around the beehive with varying of pollen shape, namely spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal, sub-prolate, and prolate. The smallest to largest pollen sizes are minutae, mediae, and magnae. Types of pollen ornamentations are rugulate, reticulate, echinate, psilate, scabrate, to baculate. Pollen apertures are varies monosulcate, monoporate, tricolporate, tricolpate, tetracolpate, hexacolpate to syncolpate. Pollen characters inside honeycomb are identical to 12 pollen of plant species found around the beehive where the pollen shape are spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal, sub-prolate and prolate. There are several types of ornamentation, namely reticulate, rugulate, echinate, psilate and sacbratte. Apertures are varies from monosulcate, monoporate, tricolporate, tricolpate to syncolpate. Key words : Apis cerana, characters,diversity, pollen, Purbalingga
OPTIMASI WAKTU INKUBASI DAN pH Ganoderma sp. DARI KEBUN RAYA BATURRADEN UNTUK DEKOLORISASI RBBR Maria Pricilia Gita; Ratna Stia Dewi; Ajeng Arum Sari
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.947 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1771

Abstract

Jamur pelapuk putih diketahui memiliki kemampuan untuk mendekolorisasi pewarna, salah satunya jamur Ganoderma sp. dari Kebun Raya Baturraden. Jamur tersebut mampu mendekolorisasi Remazol Brillliant Blue R (RBBR) yang bersifat toksik, mutagenik, karsinogenik, dan stabil terhadap perlakuan fisika maupun kimia. Proses dekolorisasi dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti waktu inkubasi dan pH. Setiap jamur pelapuk putih memiliki waktu inkubasi dan pH optimum yang berbeda dalam mendekolorisasi pewarna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan isolat Ganoderma sp. dari Kebun Raya Baturraden dengan waktu inkubasi dan pH berbeda dalam mendekolorisasi pewarna RBBR, serta mengetahui variasi waktu inkubasi dan pH yang menunjukkan hasil terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Perlakuan variasi pada penelitian ini terdiri dari waktu inkubasi yaitu 24, 48, 72, 96, dan 120 jam, serta pH 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ganoderma sp. dari Kebun Raya Baturraden mampu mendekolorisasi RBBR pada waktu inkubasi dan pH berbeda dengan persentase dekolorisasi 4,10% - 83,04%. Persentase dekolorisasi tertinggi ditunjukkan pada waktu inkubasi 96 jam dan pH 6, yaitu 83,04%. Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa Ganoderma sp. dari Kebun Raya Baturraden memiliki waktu inkubasi optimum 96 jam, serta pH optimum 6 untuk mendekolorisasi RBBR.
HUBUNGAN UMUR DENGAN Biomassa, Stok karbon dioksida, Tegakan POHON DUKU (Lansium parasiticum) DI DESA KALIKAJAR KECAMATAN KALIGONDANG KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA Septi Nuranisa; Eming Sudiana; Edy Yani
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (402.886 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1866

Abstract

This research entitled "Age Relationship with Carbon Dioxide Stock of Duku Tree (Lansium parasiticum) in Kalikajar Village, Kaligondang District, Purbalingga Regency". The puspoe of this research are: 1) Knowing the effect of stand age on the amount of carbon dioxide stock stored in duku stands (Lansium parasiticum) in Kalikajar Village, Kaligondang District, Purbalingga Regency. 2) Knowing the age of duku plants (Lansium parasiticum) in Kalikajar Village, Kaligondang District, Purbalingga Regency which has the most potential carbon dioxide stock. The research used survey method by determining tree biomass using stratified random sampling. The strata used is the age of duku plants. Each age strata is taken 3 trees to measure its diameter. The land area is divided by the planting distance to get the results of plant density in that location. Measurement of stand stem diameter is carried out on stand stems at the researchers' chest height (at breast height or dbh). The measuring tape is wrapped around the stand stems in a parallel position for all directions so that the data obtained is the circumference or convolution of the stem (circumference of the stem = 2πr). Age, biomass, and carbon stock data were analyzed using variance analysis (Anova), while the relationship between biomass and carbon stock was analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The regression analysis between age and carbon dioxide stock shows an exponential pattern. The lowest corbon dioxide stock of the duku plant is found in the age group <5 years, which is 9.54 tons/ha, while the largest carbon dioxide stock of the duku tree is in the age group > 30 years (40 years) which is 74.89 tons/ha. Thus, this study has not yet gotten the most optimal tree age in storing carbon dioxide. Therefore it is necessary to do research on duku trees that are older than 40 years.

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