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MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology

mediapeternakan
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Articles 522 Documents

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Performance, Carcass Production, and Meat Quality of Sumba Ongole Bulls Fed Ration Supplemented Velvet Bean (Mucuna pruriens) S. M. Yantika; . Alamsyari; D. Evvyernie; D. Diapari; K. Winaga
Media Peternakan Vol. 39 No. 1 (2016): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This research aimed to study performance, carcass production, meat quality, and economic feasibility of male Sumba Ongole cattle fed ration supplemented with velvet bean (M. pruriens). The research was designed in a completely randomized block design using 16 cattle with average body weight of 488+37.08 kg. The treatments were: T0= 15% straw + 85% concentrate; T1= T0 + 12% of velvet bean flour supplement; T2= T0 + 16% of velvet bean tempeh supplement; and T3= T0 + 200 mg/head/d of ractopamine hydrocloride. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance with orthogonal contrast. The observed variables included feed consumption, average daily body weight gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), income over feed cost (IOFC), hot carcass weight (HCW), carcass percentage, subcutaneous fat thickness, meat pH, tenderness, cooking loss, and water holding capacity (WHC). The result revealed that the addition of 12% velvet bean flour into the rations increased dry matter consumption (P<0.05), but did not affect ADG, FE, IOFC, carcass production, and meat quality. The addition of 12% velvet bean flour produced the lowest cooking loss (P<0.05). The addition of 16% velvet bean tempeh into the rations significantly increased (P<0.05) dry matter consumption, however reduced (P<0.05) ADG, FE, and IOFC compared to control treatment. It is concluded that velvet bean flour at the level of 12% can be used as an alternative feed supplement in the ration of Sumba Ongole cattle and can replace the use of synthetic ß-agonist.

Comparative Study of Milk Production and Feed Efficiency Based on Farmers Best Practices and National Research Council Dewi Ayu Lestari; Luki Abdullah; . Despal
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This study aimed to compare local dairy farmer ration formula with national research council in producing higher feed efficiency and milk production. This study had two stages. The first stage was in vitro study of dairy farmer rations which have different raw materials (R3, R4, and R5) with NRC based ration (R2) and Demo Farm ration (R1). The variables measured in this stage were proximate composition, volatile fatty acid, ammonia, dry matter and organic matter digestibility. The first stage used a randomized block design with five treatments, three groups of ruminal fluid, and three replications. The second stage used nine lactating cows with three periods of lactation (one, three, and other) and used a randomized block design with three treatments, three groups, and one replication. Parameters measured were dry matter intake, manure score, milk production, body weight gain, body condition score, and technical and economical efficiencies. The first stage result showed that R1, R2, and R3 were three best rations in nutrient composition and fermentability (ammonia and volatile fatty acid concentrations were optimum for microbial growth and high digestibility), so in conclusion those three rations were the best rations and should be compared by in vivo method. The result of the second stage showed that all tested rations were not significantly different in milk production, performance and efficiency, so in conclusion those three rations have the same quality.Key words: dairy cattle, milk production, profitability, rations test

Utilization of Mungbean’s Green House Fodder and Silage in the Ration for Lactating Dairy Cows Rika Zahera; Idat Galih Permana; . Despal
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Green house fodder (GHF) is high quality forage that is produced by hydroponic vertical farming system in green house in short time. Silage is also high quality feed that is available all year rounds. The research aimed to evaluate productivity and nutritive value of mungbean’s GHF and its supplementation effect with and without silages based ration on dairy cow performances. The research was divided into two experiments. The first experiment studied the seed density (A1= 1.5 kg/m2; A2= 2.5 kg/m2; A3= 3.5 kg/m2) in bioslurry:ABmix 25:75 media as nutrient solution and used randomized block design. The second experiment studied mungbean’s GHF supplementation that used twelve lactating dairy cows with 2 x 2 randomized factorial block design 2 x 2. Factor 1 compared silages utilization (S0= without silages; S1= silages) and factor 2 tested mungbean’s GHF supplementation level (G0= 0% DM; G1= 5% DM). The results showed that A1 produced the highest biomass conversion (5.27). GHF had high digestibility and fermentability indicated that GHF had potential as dairy feed. Supplementation of GHF increased nutrient intake. Silage is a high quality feed, so that GHF supplementation did not give significant effects on nutrient digestibility and milk production. It can be concluded that the low seed density (1.5 kg/m2) had high productivity and nutrition quality, and its supplementation increased nutrient intake, but did not affect nutrient digestibility and milk production.Key words: green house fodder, mungbean, bioslurry, dairy cow, silages

The Use of Local Mineral Formulas as a Feed Block Supplement for Beef Cattle Fed on Wild Forages Khalil Khalil; M. N. Lestari; P. Sardilla; . Hermon
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 1 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The present research was carried out to study the diversity of mineral contents of wild forages and to evaluate the beneficial effect of mineral feed supplement formulated by using locally available materials on the performances of beef cattle. The present research was initiated by analyzing mineral contents of wild forages grown around Limau Manis campus areas. Forage samples were collected at 9 sampling areas scattered at plantation, conservation and idle lands. Samples were then analyzed for macro minerals of Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, and S and micro minerals of Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, and Zn. Feeding trial was then conducted to evaluate the beneficial effect of supplementation of local mineral formulas (LMF) produced by using locally available materials on the performances of cattle. Feeding trial was conducted for 6 weeks by using 9 Simmentals cross bred heifers. The trial consisted of 3 treatments, i.e., P1: only grass without supplementation, P2: grass + LMF and P3: grass + mineral premix enriched LMF. Variables measured were: body weight, feed intake, FCR, feed cost and net return. Results showed that the highest macro mineral content of wild forages was Na of about 13.05±2.22 g/kg, varied from 4.1 to 23.8 g/kg, followed by K (11.09±1.43 g/kg) and Ca (6.10±1.09 g/kg DM). Three minerals of Mg, P, and S were found in relatively small concentrations of 1.34±0.30, 0.83±0.23, and 0.17±0.01 g/kg, respectively. Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were found in relatively high concentrations. The highest concentration of micro minerals was Fe of about 613.8±128.9 mg/kg, followed by Mn of 143.9±23.3 mg/kg, while Zn and Cu were found in relatively small amount of about 31.3±5.5 and 13.2±2.5 mg/kg, respectively. Heifers supplemented with LMF (P2) and mineral premix enriched LMF (P3) showed higher body weight gain, lower FCR and net return than those cattle fed only grass (P1). The most profitable feeding strategy was by supplementation of heifers with mineral premix enriched LMF.Key words: wild forage quality, local mineral formula, ruminant mineral nutrition

Botanical Composition, Grass Production, and Carrying Capacity of Pasture in Timor Tengah Selatan District V. E. Se'u; P. D. M. H. Karti; L. Abdullah
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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This study was conducted to analyze the botanical composition, grass production, carrying capacity, and potential production of nutrients in pasture located in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency. The experiment was conducted from February to July 2013, using field survey method. The botanical composition, grass production and carrying capacity on real condition were analyzed descriptively, while the grass production and carrying capacity based of cutting arrangement were analyzed by using randomized block factorial design with 3 altitude locations (Sub District of Mollo Utara with altitude of 1007 m above sea level; Sub District of Noebeba, 500 m ASL, and Sub District of Amanuban Selatan, 65 m ASL) x 2 cutting intervals (1 and 2 month) and 5 replications. The results showed that the grass type dominated the pasture in the Sub District of Mollo Utara, while legum type was more dominant in the pasture in the Sub Districts of Noebeba and Amanuban Selatan. The potential production of dry matter grass in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency based on real condition was 150 to 390 kg/ha/yr, this could accommodate 0.24 to 0.63 AU/ha/yr. The arrangement of cutting interval by 1 month in Mollo Utara and 2 months in Noebeba and Amanuban Selatan could increase (P<0.05) grass production and carrying capacity. The potential productions of grass nutrients were higher in Sub District of Mollo Utara, while potential production of grass dry matter was higher in Sub Districts of Noebeba and Amanuban Selatan. It was concluded that grass dry matter potential production and carrying capacity in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency were low. The arrangement of cutting interval could increase grass dry matter potential production, carrying capacity, nutrition production, and quality of nutrition.Key words: carrying capacity, grass, pasture, Timor Tengah Selatan

Ovarian Dynamic in Ongole Grade Cattle after GnRH Injection in Ovsynch Protocol Based on Progesterone Device Muhammad Imron; Iman Supriatna; . Amrozi; Muhammad Agus Setiadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

PO cattle have weaknesses to show clear estrus signs which cause difficulty in artificial insemination implementation. The present study was designed to obtain ovarian dynamic as effect of GnRH injection in ovsynch protocol based on progesterone intravaginal device. Heifers (18) and cows (n= 12) were allocated to one of three groups. Cuemate-PGF2α (CP) group inserted with a Cuemate on day 0-7 and injected with prostaglandin on day 7. Cuemate-PGF2α-GnRH (CPG) group was treated as CP group with the addition of GnRH injection on day 9. GnRH-Cuemate-PGF2α-GnRH (GCPG) group was treated as CPG group with addition of GnRH injection on day 0. Ultrasonography was performed on days 0-3, day 7 until ovulation and 7 days after ovulation. Percentage of ovulation synchronization increased significantly (P<0.01) between CP, CPG, and GCPG, respectively, both in heifers (16%, 50%, and 85%, respectively) and cows (0%, 60%, and 100%, respectively), on day 11. Preovulatory follicle diameters between CP, CPG, and GCPG treatments were not different significantly both in heifers (11.9±0.5, 11.9±0.5, and 12.1±0.6 mm, respectively) and cows (11.7±0.4, 11.8±0.7, and 11.1±0.6 mm, respectively). This study concluded that GCPG protocol increased the synchrony of ovulation rate both in cows and heifers, without affecting the follicle preovulatory and CL diameters.Key words: ovarian dynamic, GnRH, ovsych, PO Cattle

Milk Yield, Somatic Cell Count, and Udder Measurements in Holstein Cows at Different Lactation Number and Months Ayhan Ceyhan; Mahmut Çinar; Ugur Serbester
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactation number and months on milk yield, somatic cell count (SCC) and udder measurements in Holstein cows. In the study, 30 first lactation and 49 second lactation, totally 79 Holstein cows housing in a farm located in Nigde province (Turkey) were used. Somatic cell count and udder measurements were determined at each visit of the farm per months, while lactation milk yield of each animal was calculated using Test Interval Method. It was observed that the effect of lactation number on lactation milk yield (P<0.01) and SCC (P<0.05) was increased significantly. The effect of lactation number on udder measurements was significant (P<0.01) except front teat length (FTD). Influence of lactation months on milk yield and SCC was increased and statistically significant (P<0.01). The effect of lactation months on distance between front teats (DFT), distance between rear teats (DRT), front teat diameter (FTD), rear teat diameter (RTD) was significant (P<0.01). A negative correlation was found between SCC and milk yield, front teat clearance from ground (FTC) and rear teat clearance from ground (RTC). On the other hand, a positive correlation was also evident between RTD and distance between front and rear teats. Furthermore, there were positive correlation between milk yield and DFT, DFR, DRT, and FTD, whereas a negative correlation was observed between milk yield and FTC. In conclusion, cows in second lactation showed importantly increased milk yield and SCC as compared to cows in first lactation, whereas FTC and RTC decreased and other udder measurements increased.Key words: Holstein cow, lactation, milk yield, somatic cell count, udder measurement

Blood Profile of Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Fed Ration Containing Silkworm Pupae (Bombyx mori) Powder Extract Novita Anggraeni; Achmad Farajallah; Dewi Apri Astuti
Media Peternakan Vol. 39 No. 1 (2016): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this research was to assess the use of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) powder extract on the blood cells and hematological variables of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The treatments consisted of R0= isoenergy and isoprotein ration without pupae powder extract, R1= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of pupae powder extract, R2= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of pupae powder extract, R3= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of residue of pupae powder extract, R4= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of residue of pupae powder extract, R5= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of pupae powder, and R6= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of pupae powder. The variables measured were blood cell and hematological profiles including the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, and leukocytes differentiation. Immune response was observed at 12, 24, and 48 h by counting the white blood cells type. The results showed that feed consumption ranged 79.19-154.70 g/quail/wk and the body weight was 71.45-149 g/quail. The addition of pupae extract at a dose of 10% in the diet significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of quail white blood cells. The addition of pupae extract, pupae powder residue, and pupae powder in the ration did not significantly affect the number of quail erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and PCV (packed cell volume). Mean number of white blood cells increased during 24 h after treatment of 10% pupae powder extract (R2) and decreased at the 48th h. It is concluded that the value of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and heterophile increased in quails supplemented with 10% pupae powder extract (R2).

Association of Calpastatin (CAST) Gene with Growth Traits and Carcass Characteristics in Bali Cattle R. Putri; R. Priyanto; A. Gunawan; . Jakaria
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Calpastatin (CAST) gene is well known as an inhibitor of muscle protein degradation and relates to muscle growth and meat tenderness. The objective of this study was to determine the association of CAST gene with growth traits and carcass characteristics in Bali cattle. A number of data from 35 Bali bulls were collected from BPTU Bali Cattle to obtain growth traits, carcass characteristics, and blood samples. Polymorphism of CAST gene in Bali bulls was analyzed by using PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing. The association of CAST gene with growth traits and carcass characteristics were analyzed by using General Linear Model (GLM). The result showed that there were two genotypes (GG and AG) of CAST gene with allele frequencies of 0.857 and 0.143, respectively, for G and A. Notably, mutation A to G occurred in 253 bp CAST fragment gene in Bali Cattle. Genotypes GG and AG of CAST gene significantly affected (P<0.05) the back-fat thickness and longissimus dorsi without a significant effect on the growth traits. It could be concluded that CAST gene had a potency as a marker gene for carcass quality in Bali cattle. Key words: Bali cattle, CAST gene, PCR-RFLP, polymorphism

Selection of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotic Candidate for Chicken Fathin Hamida; Komang G Wiryawan; Anja Meryandini
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 2 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) regarded as safe microorganisms; they can naturally live in gastrointestinal tract, so appropriately used as a probiotic for chicken. This study aimed to select six isolates of LAB (E1223, E3, E4, E5, E7, and E8) to obtain the isolates potentially as probiotic candidate for chicken. The six isolates were derived from spontaneous fermented corn obtained from Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Biomedical, PPSHB, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia. LAB isolates were tested their susceptibility to antibiotics (bambermycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline) then were examined in vitro for their tolerance to gastrointestinal pH (2, 3, 4, and 7.2) and 0.5% bile salt condition, antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enteritidis and Enterococcus casseliflavus, and ability to adhere to chicken ileal cells. The results showed the isolates E5, E7, and E8 were sensitive to tetracycline and chloramphenicol, they could survive at pH 2, 3, 4, and 7.2, could survive at 0.5% bile salts, produced antimicrobial activity, and able to adhere to ileal cells (9.40±0.00 Log CFU/cm2 of E8) and were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of control (5.30±0.14 Log CFU/cm2). In conclusion, this study showed that isolate E8 had better potential compared to isolates E5 and E7 in most in vitro assays as a probiotic candidate for chicken. E5, E7, and E8 were closely related with Pediococcus pentosaceus based on 16S rRNA gene.Key words: LAB, probiotic, chicken, in vitro

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