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INDONESIA
MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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Inkorporasi Kromium pada Khamir dan Kapang dengan Substrat Dasar Singkong yang Diberi Kromium Anorganik W D Astuti; T Sutardi; D Evvyernie; T Toharmat
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 2 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Organic-chromium (Cr) has higher availability for animals than inorganic-Cr sources. One of organic-Cr sources known is fungi contained high Cr. This organic-Cr was incorporated to fungi protein. Information about the best fungi or microorganisms used in organic-Cr production is still limited. The objective of this experiment was to study organic-Cr production using different kinds of fungi as Cr carrier. Organic-Cr production was conducted in a 4x3 factorial completely randomized experimental design with 3 replications. Four fungi used as carriers in organic-Cr production as the first factor were Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus oryzae and "ragi tape". The second factor was levels of Cr addition (500, 1000, 1500 mg/kg). Addition of 1000 mg Cr/kg substrate gave the highest Cr incorporation to fungi protein (484 mg/kg) and Cr incorporation efficiency (21.1%). The best fungi used as carrier in organic-Cr production was Rhizopus oryzae which gave the highest Cr incorporation (488 mg/kg) and incorporation efficiency (24.7%). Key words: organic-Cr, production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhyzopus oryzae, "ragi tape"
Penambahan Urea atau DL-Metionina ke dalam Ransum Komplit Biomassa Ubi Jalar pada Kelinci L Khotijah
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 2 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Twenty male cross-breed weanling rabbits were used to study the effect of urea or DL-methionine addition in sweet potatoes biomass complete diets. Completely randomized design was used in this experiment with four treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of A (comercial diet); B (sweet potatoes biomass diet); BU (B + 0.5% urea) and BM (B + 0.5% DL-methionine). The dry matter intake, average daily gain (AVG), feed conversion ratio, dry matter and protein digestibility and nitrogen retention were measured in this experiment. The result showed that the treatments did not significantly affect dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio, digestibility of dry matter and protein, but supplementation of DL-methionine significantly affected average daily gain and nitrogen retention (P < 0.05). It was concluded that urea or DL-methionine supplementation in sweet potatoes biomass diets could support good performance of rabbits and it could be used as an alternative source of feed for rabbits. Key words : rabbit, sweet potatoes, urea, DL-methionine, performance
Produktivitas Kambing Peranakan Etawah yang Diberi Ransum Berbasis Jerami Padi Fermentasi C I Novita; A Sudono; I K Sutama; T Toharmat
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 2 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Rice straw as one of agriculture by product has low nutritive value. Fermentation of rice straw increased its nutrient digestibility and palatability. Present experiments aimed to study the effect of feeding rations composed of concentrate and ground fermented rice straw supplemented with urea and probiotic. The first trial was conducted to study the apparent digestibility of experimental diets in 18 Etawah-grade bucks with 1-1.5 year age and initial body weight of 30.18 ± 8.38 kg. The second trial was conducted to study the effect of feeding experimental rations on reproduction, milk yield and its quality in 24 Etawah-grade does with 1 to 3 years age and initial weight of 35.75 ± 5.72 kg. The rations were as follows; KJP = concentrate + chopped fermented rice straw; KJG = concentrate + ground fermented rice straw; KRG = concentrate + elephant grass. A completely randomized design was applied in both nutrient digestibility and performance trials. In both trials, the rations were offered twice daily. Does and kids were weighted once in two week. Does were milked manually once a week for 3 months post partum. Milk was sampled for determination of its specific gravity, protein, fat and solid content. Gestation length, litter size, birth weigth and weaned weight were recorded. Dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intake, and apparent digestibility of DM did not differ significantly among treatments. However, apparent digestibility of CP in goat offered KJG was lower (P < 0.05) than those of KRG and KJP. DM and CP intake of does was higher (P < 0.05) for the KRG treatment but those were not differ between KJP and KJG treatments. Gestation length, litter size, the body weight of does during pregnancy and lactation, the body weight of kids from birth to weaning, milk yield and quality of milk were not different ammong tretaments. These results suggested that fermented rice straw can be used to substitute the elephant grass. Key words: Goat, straw, fermentation, digestibility, milk, kids
Tingkat Penggunaan Media Massa dan Peran Komunikasi Anggota Kelompok Peternak dalam Jaringan Komunikasi Penyuluhan Sapi Potong A Saleh
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 2 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The aims of study were to investigate the communication behavior changes, in term of the level of mass media used by the cattle farmers in utilizing the cattle extension program; and to analyze the participation level of cattle farmers based on their communication roles in the cattle communication network. This research was designed as correlation descriptive survey towards sample of cattle farmers head of families integrated into two groups of advanced category cattle farmers group and two groups of less advanced, lived and having its place of business in three regencies namely the West Java Sukabumi Regency, Central Java Sukohardjo Regency and D.I. Yogyakarta Gunung Kidul Regency. The determination of the regencies and the selected groups were conducted purposively, based on the advance level data of the cattle farmer group derived from the Cattle Farmer Directorate General office of the Ministry of Agriculture. The data analyses were conducted using descriptive analysis comprising of frequency, boxplot, percentage, cross tabulation, correlations matrix, inferences about a mean factor or T2 Hotelling, and byplot test. The results of research showed: (1) there was significant difference among the communication behavior in advanced cattle farmers group and the less advanced group, indicating (the circumstance) a level of mass media usage by cattle farmers in getting information. From prioritized the interpersonal communication relationship in receiving and diffusing information to the media communication behavior, particularly in behavior impact of television broadcast and newspapers. (2) The level of cattle farmers communication role in a cattle communication network comprising of star, mutual pairs and neglectee, did not indicate a communication role as isolate. The advanced cattle farmers group members had a dominant communication role as neglectee, while the less advanced group had a dominant role of mutual pairs. The role of the star, was found more in the less advanced group compared with the advanced group. Key words: cattle extension, communication behavior, communication network, mass media usage, role of group members
Karakteristik Organoleptik Daging Domba yang Diberi Stimulasi Listrik Voltase Rendah dan Injeksi Kalsium Klorida T Suryati; M Astawan; T Wresdiyati
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Effect of low voltage electrical stimulation (LVES; 45 volt, 3 amps for approx 100 sec) and CaCl2 injection on sensory characteristic of mutton were evaluated. Six mutton were divided into 3 groups slaughtered. One carcass of each group was subjected to LVES treatment within 30 min postmortem (PM). After LVES, longissimi thoracis et lumborum muscles were removed and treated: without CaCl2 injection, CaCl2 injection (200 mM, 5% w/w) 2 h and 24 h PM. Samples were stored in a vacuum pack at 1 ± 10C. Results showed that LVES could be used to improve colour of meat. CaCl2 injection, especially without LVES produced smooth mutton texture. CaCl2 injection 24 hr PM without LVES decreased meat elasticity. LVES with CaCl2 injection 2 hr PM was the best treatment to produce fresh mutton with good sensory characteristic. Key words : mutton, electrical stimulation, CaCl2, sensory characteristic
Pendugaan Nilai Heritabilitas Bobot Lahir dan Bobot Sapih Domba Garut Tipe Laga A Gunawan; R R Noor
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate heritability of birth and weaning weights of the fighting type of Garut sheep. The data of birth and weaning weight of 175 SR (Super lambs, i.e. cross between fighting type Garut rams and selected Garut ewes) and 61 SB (Sukabumi lambs, i.e. cross between fighting type Garut rams and Sukabumi ewes) were used. The data were collected from March 2001 to August 2002. The results showed that the means of all traits of SR sheep group were larger (P < 0.01) than those of SB sheep group. Estimated heritability of birth weight and weaning weight of SR sheep were 0.67  ± 0.19 and 0.95  ± 0.16 respectively. Estimated heritability value of birth and weaning weight of SB sheep were 0.53  ± 0.33 and 0.57  ± 0.37 respectively. The heritability of birth and weaning weight were considered as high which means that the selection programme will be more effective and efficient in improving the genetic merits. Key words : heritability, birth and weaning weight, fighting type Garut sheep
Suplementasi Kolin Klorida dalam Ransum untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Ayam Broiler . Sumiati; W Hermana; A Afiati
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Cholin (B-hydroxyethyl-trimethylammonium hydroxide) is a constituent of phospholipids, can interfere the metabolism process that affects the growth. Sometimes cholin in a diet does not meet the animal requirement because of its low availability. The objective of the research was to study the effect of cholin chloride supplementation in the diets on broiler performance. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications were used in the experiment on broiler chicks reared up to 6 weeks of age. The treatment diets were R1 (control), R2 (R1 + 750 mg cholin chloride/kg diet), R3 (R1+ 1,500 mg cholin chloride/kg diet), R4 (R1+ 2,250 mg cholin chloride/kg diet). All of the prestarter diets (0-2 weeks of age) contained isocaloric (3,000 kcal ME/kg) and isoprotein (24.8% crude protein). The starter-finisher diet (2-6 weeks of age) contained 3,000 kcal ME/kg and 20% crude protein. Supplementation of 750 mg cholin chloride/kg diet (R2) increased (P < 0.01) body weight gain and final body weight. Supplementation of 1,500 mg cholin chloride/kg diet (R3) and 2,250 mg cholin chloride/kg diet decreased (P < 0.01) body weight gain, final body weight, as well as feed efficiency. It was concluded that supplementation of 750 mg cholin chloride/kg diet (containing 1,956 mg cholin/kg in prestarter diet and 1,791.3 mg cholin/kg in starter-finisher diet) yielded the best performance of the broilers. Key words : cholin chloride, broiler chickens, performance
Pengaruh Suplemen Katalitik terhadap Karakteristik dan Populasi Mikroba Rumen Domba H T Uhi; A Parakkasi; B Haryanto
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Dry season resulted in lower availability of ruminant feeds with subsequent effects on reduction of sheep productivity; therefore nutritive supplement may be required. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of supplementation of catalytic substrate consisting of gelatinized sago, ammonium sulfate, Co and Zn on the sheep rumen characteristics and its microbial population. Forty lambs with an average live weight of 13 kg were divided into 8 blocks to test 5 feeding treatments. The treatments were feeding low quality forage without supplement (R1), R1 plus catalytic supplement at 10% of ration (R2), 20% (R3), 30% (R4) and a positive control treatment (R0 = R1 + soybean meal). Parameter measurements included rumen pH, ammonia, VFA and microbial population. It was observed that the rumen pH ranging from 6,06 (R1), 6,15 (R2), 6,45 (R4), 6,58 (R3) and 6,85 (R0). The rumen concentrations of ammonia were 5,83 mM (R3), 6,01 mM (R4), 6,35 mM (R2), 8,30 mM (R0) and 9,36 mM (R1) with total volatile fatty acid concentration ranging from 154, 88 mM (R1), 163,70 mM (R2), 180,89 mM (R0), 188,79 mM (R4) and 194,71 mM (R3). Population of rumen bacteri for R3 was 6,09 x 109 cell/ml, which was greater than RO (5,57 x 109 cell/ml), R1 (4,36 x 109 cell/ml), R2 (4,15 x 109 cell/ml), R4 (5,60 x 109 cell/ml), while protozoa R3 (2,59 x 106 cell/ml), was lower than RO (3,51 x 106 cell/ml) R1 (5,49 x 106 cell/ml) R2 (5,61 x 106 cell/ml) R4 (3,31 x 106 cell/ml). Catalytic supplement at 20% of ration (R3) resulted in a normal rumen concentration of ammonia and pH, and increased VFA concentration. It was concluded that catalytic supplement at 20% of ration was the appropriate level for optimal rumen characteristics.Key words : catalytic supplement, minerals, microbes, rumen, sheep
Suplementasi Sabun Mineral dan Mineral Organik serta Kacang Kedelai Sangrai pada Domba . Adawiah; T Sutardi; T Toharmat; W Manalu; . Nahrowi; U H Tanuwiria
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of mineral soap, organic mineral and roasted soybean supplementations to improve productivity in ruminant animals. Thirty two Garut Sheep (initial body weight 22.38 ± 3.56 kg) were assigned into a randomized block design with eight treatments. Body weight was used as a block (4 blocks). Eight rations evaluated in this trial were FO: basal diet + fish oil, CO: basal diet + corn oil, CaFO: basal diet + calcium soap of fish oil, CaCO: basal diet + calcium soap of corn oil, ZnFO: basal diet + zinc soap of fish oil, ZnCO: basal diet + zinc soap of corn oil, RS: basal diet + roasted soybeans, MM: basal diet + mineral mix. The experimental diets were fed for 8 weeks. The result of the experiment showed that calcium soap improved animal growth better than did zinc soap. Daily gains of sheep fed FO (99 g/d), CaFO (114 g/d), CaCO (103 g/d), RS (105 g/d), and MM (103 g/d), diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those of sheep fed CO (86 g/d), ZnFO (88 g/d), and ZnCO (53 g/d) diets. Dry matter intake of sheep fed CO (903 g/d), CaCO (947 g/d), RS (933 g/d) diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those fed FO (820 g/d), CaFO (856 g/d), ZnFO (847 g/d), ZnCO (785 g/d), and MM (805 g/d) diets. Dry matter digestibility of CO (70%) and CaFO diet (76%) were higher (P < 0.01) than other diets. Nitrogen retention of sheep fed CaFO (11.8 g/d), RS (12.2 g/d), and MM (13.2 g/d) diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those fed FO (10 g/d), CO (10 g/d), CaCO (9.8 g/d), ZnFO (9.0 g/d), and ZnCO (9.0 g/d) diets. Organic mineral, calcium soap of fish oil, calcium soap of corn oil, and roasted soy bean supplementation increased daily gain up to 105 g/d. It was concluded that calcium soap, organic mineral and roasted soybean improved growth of sheep.Key words : soap, oil, mineral, roasted soy bean, sheep
Pengaruh Iklim Mikro terhadap Respons Fisiologis Sapi Peranakan Fries Holland dan Modifikasi Lingkungan untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitasnya (ULASAN) A Yani; B P Purwanto
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Most of Holstein in Indonesia were imported from European countries which have temperate climate (13-25 0C). If those Holstein were kept under high temperature and high humidity and exposed to direct solar radiation, the cattles would be experienced with heat stress, resulted in decreasing appetite, increased water intake, decreased metabolism, increased catabolism, increased heat loss through evaporation, decreased hormone concentration in blood, increased body temperature, increased respiration and heart rate and behavioral changes. To reduce the heat stress can be achieved by environment modification, such as type of animal house construction, type of roof material selected for animal house and determination of animal housing height. The improvement of environmental condition was gained for maintaining the animal heat balance in steady state, due to reducing the thermoregulatory responses (i.e heart rate, respiration rate and mean body temperature). Controlling the heat stressed animals to lower thermoregulatory activities will improve their productivity. Key words : Holstein, physiological responses, heat stress, micro-climate, environmental modification

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