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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Deleted Haydar A. Al-Shimmery1 , Alyaa. Raheem2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12715

Abstract

A
Molecular study of antibiotic resistance Mycobacteriumtuberculosis isolated from clinical samples in Baghdad city Heba Firas Saeed1 , Muhammad Fulayyih Tarif2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12717

Abstract

Background: Drug-resistant TB is the most important issue that threatens to interrupt the improvementsachieved in tuberculosis control. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis is defined as resistance to bothrifampicin and isoniazid.Objectives: To find molecular feature via DNA extraction for genes in charge of drug resistance in pulmonarytuberculosis patients with hyperglycemia and role of the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra molecular test efficacy inDR-TB cases detection.Method: 106 pulmonary TB patient sputum and blood samples were collected in the Institute of Chest andRespiratory diseases in Baghdad and Medical City Hospital from December 2018 - July 2019, 52 were drugresistances TB patients. All patients were examined by conventional method such as direct examination(AFB test), Gene-Xpert test, FBS and HbA1c test were carried out for all cases.Results: GeneXpert/ultra results revealed 43 cases were Rif resistance in which it was highly significant.The GeneXpert/ultra quantity was mostly medium in the bacillary load. The Rif’s resistance cases weremostly registered in the age group (20-59) and in male population. The most frequent patient’s type was NewMDR. The GeneXpert/ultra quantity and HbA1c levels results showed that most elevated HbA1c cases hada medium to high bacillary load. The DST results were significant in which 95.3% were Rif’s resistance and62.8% were STR’s resistance. The LPA on 23 DR cases showed the following; 13 patients were MDR casesin which a deletion in the band WT8 and mutation in the MUT3 band of the gene rpoB and deletion in theinhA WT1 band of the inhA gene were the most notice.Conclusions: Molecular method had showed that mutations in the rpoB gene especially 530 and S531Lcodon are responsible for majority of RMP resistance in MTB while mutations at the -15/-16 InhA codonand 315 of KatG codon responsible for most INH-resistance cases.
Assessment of Risk Factors of Asthma in Health Institutions in Maysan Governorate, Iraq Ali Abdulwahed Abdul Jabbar1 , Buthaina Ateyah Rashid2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12718

Abstract

Background: Asthma is a common chronic lung disease in which the airways (bronchi) become inflamedand are abnormally sensitive to certain triggers. Asthma can affect people of all races and ages and althoughthere is no known cure, there are many ways to control it. The symptoms of asthma include coughing,shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness.Materials and Method: This is A case-control study conducted in Consultation Center for Chest andRespiratory Diseases at Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital in Maysan Governorate Data was collected over a periodof five months between the 1st of November 2019 to the 1st of April 2020.Results: The commonest risk factors that had been found causes asthma in cases was family history ofasthma with OR=5.127, CI=(2.77-9.49), upper respiratory tract infection with OR=5.059, CI=(2.29-8.76),active smoker with OR=2.145, CI=(1.18-3.91)Occupational exposure to dust with OR = 4.660, CI= (2.68-8.10), skin allergy with OR =2.77, CI=(1.28-6.03).Conclusion: Significant association was found between (Family history of asthma, upper respiratory tractinfection, active smoking,occupational exposure to dust, chemical, fumes and gases, allergies and the usedof NSAIDs before the onset of asthma) and asthma in adults in maysan governorate.
Atherogenic Index of Plasma Levels in Iraqi Diabetic and Diabetic Nephropathy Patients Sulaiman M. Hasan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12719

Abstract

The study aimed todetermine the Levels of HbA1c %, urea, createnine, albumin,total cholesterol,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and very low-densitylipoprotein (VLDL) in diabetic and diabetic nephropathy patients and to compare the results with that ofcontrol group. Then, to compare Atherogenic Index of Plasma levels in these groups that may be predictprone of patients to cardiovascular illness. This study has selected one hundred fifty participates who wereconsideredto be enrolled in this research with aged ranged (40-65) years that divided into three groups asfollows: group one (G1) consists of 50 healthy individuals as a control group, group two (G2) consists of50 patients with diabetes and group three (G3) consists of 50 patients with diabetes and nephropathy ascomplication.This study illustrated significant increased were found in Total Cholesterol and low-density Lipoprotein in G2comparing to G1, while there was highly significant increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteinin G3 comparing to G2 and in G1. Results, also, revealed highly significant increase in triglyceride and verylow density in G2 and G3 comparing to G1. Data demonstrated highly significant decrease in high densitylipoprotein in G2 and G3 comparing to G1. Also, demonstrated highly significant increase in AtherogenicIndex levels in G2 and G3 comparing to G1, while no significant increased observed in G3 comparing to G2.Sothe study concluded that Atherogenic Index is elevated in diabetic and nephropathy diabetic patients whocould be used as a marker for predict cardiovascular disease in patients groups.
Evaluation of Serum Level of Serum Catalase and SOD as a Predictive Factors in Preterm Labor Patients Sura Zeki Salih1 , Mutaz S. Ahmied2 , Israa H. Abdulkareem2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12720

Abstract

The study is a comparative case control study conducted on 45 preterm delivery between (28-37 week)of gestation as cases group and 45 term delivery between (37-42 week) of gestation as control group, atobstetrical and gynecology department of Salah Alden general hospital in Salah Alden city from 20th ofNovember 2019 to 15th February 2020. The blood sample taken from participated women and the oxidativestress parameter (F2-8-isoprostan and protein carbonyl) was measured by ELISA technique. The cases wereSingle and twin pregnancy with cervical dilatation >3 cm and fully effaced cervix, and/or rupture membrane,Uterine contraction 3per 10 min and Indicated labor pregnancy like bleeding, DM, hypertension, pPROM,fetal destress, fetal death. But uncertain gestational age, elective term cesarean section, liver disease, renaldisease and hepatitis infected women were excluded.Result: Mean age of participants was (26.05±6.59 years) with a range of (14-45years) and mean weight was(74.84±6.728 Kg), range of (60-95 Kg) and mean height of participated (156.14±5.3 cm) and range of (150-170 cm).Superoxide dismutase and catalase showed significant decrease in preterm labor (mean±standererror) (529.161 ± 35.87 U/ml) (1.637 ± 0.12 pg/ml) respectively in compare with (mean± stander error)(1.637± 0.12U/ml) (529.161± 35.87 pg/ml) in preterm labor.Conclusion: This study showed that catalase and superoxide dismutase significantly decrease in pretermlabor group.
Comparative Clinical Study of Role of Saraswatchurna in Apasmar Sonali Dilip Wairagade1 , Tanvi Wairagade2 , Anuja Vasant Nagrare3 , Abhishek Joshi4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12721

Abstract

Ayurveda explains disproportion in the three doshasvata, pitta and kapha singly or all of them together cancause Apasmar. Aggravated doshas get accumulated in hridaya and create the features based upon Doshicpredominance, which cause illusion of the mind and visual hallucination and seizures (tonic spasms andclonic jerks). Often it is presented with outwarding of tongue, deviation of the eyes, dribbling of saliva withfroth, tonic and clonic movements of limbs. Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent, episodic, paroxysmal,involuntary clinical events related with alternation of cerebral function. An epileptic attack is anrapid andunwarranted electric discharge of cerebral neurons. Saraswat Churna is a popular Compound drug whichis successfully used in Psychological disorders. It is mentioned in “Unmada Prakaran” of well knownAyurvedic book of “ Bhaishgya Ratnawali” that Saraswat Churna consists of different types of MedhyaRasayana herbs like Vacha, Shankhapushpi etc. and Brahmi Swarasbhawna is given to it for three times.Phenytoin (Diphenyl Hydantoin or Dilantin) is highly effective and widely prescribed anticonvulsant drugused in the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor epilepsy. Phenytoin has been used to treat thought, moodand behaviour disorders, cardiovascular disorders, neuro muscular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders,Endocrine disorders. As Dilantin showed adverse reactions like urticarial like skin rashes, gastric irritation,resulting in nausea, vomiting, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the gums noted in 90% of patients was notnoted in patients treated with Saraswat Churna.
Critical Appraisal of Communicable Diseases in the Perspective of Ayurveda Punam Sawarkar1 , Gaurav Sawarkar2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12722

Abstract

Current situation of COVID -19 pandemic demands for search literature about in Ayurveda to generatevarious preveative & treatment modalities to over come over it. Considering this need, review regardingcommunicable disorders from available Ayurved literature was done extensively & elaborated under headsof concept of airborne communicable diseases in Ayurveda,its etiology, pathology & symptomatology withrecommended various treatment measures given in Ayurvedascripctures. It is observed that COVID -19 can becorelated with various Aoupasragic Rogas or Janapadodhwnasa Vyadhi which has similar symptomatologysimilar with Vata kapahaja Jwara. Treatment modalieties of this Jwara & some preventives measures suchas Davuavayapasharaya (spiritual practices like Homa, Havana & Yoga, Dhoopana), Yuktivyapashara(Dinachrya, Rutucharya, Vyayam, Ayurvedic drugs & herbs, Upakrama of detoxification, Rasayana Chikitsa,Dhoopana) & Satvajaya Chikitsa (Sadvrutta & Achara Rasayana) can be adopted in such condition.
Study of Fresh Versus Frozen Embryo Transfer with Reference to Early Pregnancy Loss Deepti Shrivastava
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12723

Abstract

Background: Etiology of Increased rate of early abortions associated with pregnancies happened afterIn Vitro Fertilisation are not understood fully till date. ‘Freeze all embryos’ is a new dictum of improvingthe overall success of In Vitro Fertilisation,although it’s effect on early pregnancy loss is controversial inexisting literature .So many studies stated that vitrification and thawing process although improves thepositive pregnancy rate but cause early pregnancy losses after implantion, but other studies contradict it.Hence in present study we wish to find out the difference of early pregnancy demise in frozen thaw embryotransfer cycles in comparison to fresh embryo transfer cycle.Trial Design: This is a cross sectional study which will be conducted in Wardha test tube baby centre,Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital.Method: 20 consecutive women conceived after In Vitro Fertilisation, either Fresh or Frozen embryotransfer and will be followed up further for rate of early abortions amongst them.Expected Outcomes: Frozen embryo transfer cycles may have more chances of successful clinicalpregnancies at 6-7 weeks of gestational age, but later on may result in early pregnancy losses.
Review on Dhatryadi Churna: An Ayurvedic Antipyretic Polyherbal Formulation Sanket Shelke1 , Bharat Rathi2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12724

Abstract

Introduction: In almost all Samhitas Jvara chikitsa is described with single or compound herbal drugs.Dhatryadi Churna is one such polyherbal churna formulation indicated in jvarachikitsa. But no data isavailable to know about its efficacy.Aim and Objectives: To review Dhatryadi Churna w.s.r. to its antipyretic activity.Material and Method: Relevant references were reviewed with respect to Dhatryadi Churna describedin Samhitas and various Ayurveda texts such as Brihatrayee, Laghutrayee bhaishajyaratnavali etc. All thereferences were collected and reviewed thoroughly.Observation and Results: Total 7 references with the name Dhatryadi Churna and Amalkyadi churna arerecorded in various Samhitas and Ayurveda texts indicated in jvara chikitsa. Out of the total 5 ingredients,significant antipyretic activity in experimental animals in different dosages found in Emblica officinalis,Terminalia chebula, Piper longum and Plumbago zeylenica.Conclusion: Based onPharmacological properties and experimental studies conducted on individual drugsproved that Dhatryadi churna is a effective antipyretic formulation and can be used safely for treating Jvara.
Case Report on Oligohydramnios Lalhriatpuii1, Manjusha Mahakalkar2 , Manoj Patil3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12725

Abstract

Introduction: Oligohydramnios is an extremely rare condition where there is a deficiency of liquor amniiin the amount of less than 200Ml at the time of delivery. Sonographically, it is amaximum vertical pocket ofliquor is < 2 cm or the amniotic fluid index is < 5 cm (less than 5 percentiles) is specified.Patient History: A 23years old ANC & 8months mother was admitted on 11.9.2019 with the complaints ofreduced fetal movements and abdominal discomfort.Past History: Patient has history of blood transfusion 3months back and has history of cervical cerclage at7months of pregnancy.Clinical Findings: Reduced fetal movements, abdominal discomfort, leaking of the amniotic fluid, lowamniotic fluid on ultrasound, low maternal weight gain, pre labor rupture of membranes.Investigations: Ultrasonography (AFI=5cm), Hb% - 9.1gm%, MCV-74, MCH-23.5pico/gm, HCT-28.5%,Total WBC Count – 8000/cu.mm, Lymphocytes- 20%.Surgical Management: Patient does not have any past surgical history.Medical Management: Tab. AFI plus BD, L- Arginitrate sachet 5gm/BD/orally, Tab. iron OD, Tab. CalciumOD.Nursing Management: Assess both maternal and fetal conditions carefully, fetal heart rate and vital signsshould be assessed properly. During labor, an amnio-infusion should be given via intrauterine catheter.Fluid should be administered via amniocentesis before giving birth. The level of amniotic fluid may help byincreasing the amount of oral fluid intake.Conclusion: Patient was admitted to AVBRH and was diagnosed as oligohydramnios and got appropriatetreatment and her condition has improved.

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