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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Oral Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata Sahar A. Majeed1, Asmaa Abdul Jaleel Swadi2, Ekhlas Sabah Hassan1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.267

Abstract

Background: One of common forms of scaring hair loss is alopecia. Alopecia is an autoimmune disorder that is characterized by relapsing and remitting episodes of non scaring hair loss. Several treatment options are nowadays available to be prescribed to patients with alopecia areata including local and systemic corticosteroid therapy, immune suppressant agents and contact immunotherapy. Nonetheless, none of these agents have been 100 % effective in eradication of the disease totally and some agents are associated with intolerable side effects. Therefore, dermatologists are continuously searching for new agents and modalities in order to get better response and less sided effects.Aim of the Study: The current study was planned and conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral cyclosporine in treating alopecia areata.Patients and Method: This study included 35 patients with alopecia areata. The study was conducted at the dermatology unit, Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital, Al-Diwaniyah Province, Mid-Euphrates Region of Iraq. The study started on June the 2nd 2018 and extended to June the 2nd 2019. The study was approved by the institutional ethical approval committee and included a verbal consent was obtained from each participant following full demonstration of the aim and procedures of the study. Every patient has received a daily dose of oral cyclosporine (3 mg/kg) for a period in the range of 2 to 12 months. Variables included in the current study were age, gender, type of alopecia areata, duration of disease, duration of treatment and treatment response. Outcome in the end of the study included clinical response and main side effects.Results: Following treatment with oral cyclosporine, 28 patients (80 %) had satisfactory response and 7 patients (20 %) had unsatisfactory response. Treatment response was not correlated to age, gender, disease duration or type of disease (P > 0.05). There were unremarkable adverse effects in association with oral cyclosporine use.Conclusion: oral cyclosporine is effective and safe mode of treatment in patients with alopecia areata.
Removing Methods of Ultracide Residues in Imported Apple Peels in Iraqi Local Markets Sedik A.K. Al-Hiyaly1; Saba Riad Khudhaier 2; Jazzer, A, J. Al-Temmemi3 and Ahmed S.A. Al-Tae1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.268

Abstract

The resides of ultracide insecticide used in controlling apple insets may have public health problems. This work was designed to find much effective method that capable of removing as much as possible of such residues from imported apple peels available in local markets. Imported apple samples were collected during winter 2018 from different local markets and divided into four subsamples as physical treatments where the first was left unwashed apple, the second was washed by tap water, the third was washed with saline solution and finally apple sample washed by tap water with acetic acid. Apple peels of all examined samples were left to dry in an oven at 85° C for 24 h and then powdered. 2.5 g from each sample was received 12.5 ml distil water to estimate the insecticide residues by using gas chromatography. It has been found that unwashed apple peels had the highest ultracide insecticide level followed by that which washed by tap water while the peels washed by saline water was obviously free from the insecticide residues.
Perception of Roles as Peer Educators in High Schools to Prevent Drug Abuse among Adolescents Ira Nurmala1, Elisa Dwi Pertiwi1, Yuli Puspita Devi1, Muthmainnah1, Riris Diana R1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.286

Abstract

Adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood, adolescent tends to have high curiosity and seek identity. Adolescent is a vulnerable group as a target for drug dealer. The objective of this study was to determine the perception of students in carrying out their duties as peer educators. This study used qualitative study approach with a case study design which intended to define the perceptions of the research subjects through in-depth interviews, observations, and also document studies. The students’ perception of their roles as peer educators such as a keeper of confidential informations, motivators, sources of information, and discussion partners. The conclusion was that the students who were selected as peer educators in their school environment had a positive perception of the application of the method to prevent drug abuse among their peers. Therefore, the application of peer educator method in high schools in North Surabaya can be used as a reference for other schools to implement peer educator method to their students.
Identification of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Parathyroid Glands Intraoperatively by Methylene Blue Spraying Technique Zeena Noor eldeen Abdulrahman1, Waleed Qahtan Rajab1, Zainab jameel Ali2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.287

Abstract

Background: Thyroid surgery has been associated with complications ranging from recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, inadvertent para- thyroidectomies to death. Improvement in thyroidectomy techniques have reduced the mortality rate to minimum, while morbidity remained a significant concern. Aims: This study aims to assess a method to identify recurrent laryngeal nerve and localize the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery by using methylene blue stain which improve outcomes following thyroidectomy.Materials and methods : This a prospective cross- sectional study was performed on 48 adult patients of both sexes who presented to the surgical ward at Salah Al-Deen general hospital in Tikrit city between October 2017 and July 2018. Full medical history was taken and clinical examination was done to those who were suitable for surgery. After indirect larngyoscopic confirmation of normal vocal cord mobility, in addition hospital medical records were obtained including patient’s name, age, gender, residence, nature of thyroid disease, duration of thyroid disease, previous thyroid surgery, family history of thyroid disease and past medical history, relevant investigations like final histopathology ; all were chosen to undergo thyroidectomy, following superior but before inferior thyroid pedicles ligation, methylene blue dye, in a concentration of 2:8 and 1:10 of Methylene Blue: Normal Saline was sprayed over the thyroid lobe and perilobar area, in the region where recurrent laryngeal nerve is predictable to be found. Recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands were identified and safe dissection of the thyroid without injuring these structures were ensured. Results: Recurrent laryngeal nerve was not stained in all cases, in contrast to the blue stained adjacent tissue. Within three minutes parathyroid glands washed out the dye and the yellow color was regained. Conclusions: Several techniques of recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands identification were established , our study demonstrate that visual delineation of these structures by methylene blue dye spraying during dissection of thyroid is a simple, safe and effective method for localization and injury avoidance to both recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery.
Evaluation of the Mexiletine Effects on Normal Cats’ Electrocardiogram Alireza Narenjian1, Nastaran Rahimi2, Seyed Ali Shabestari Asl1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.288

Abstract

Mexiletine has been suggested in various studies for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. Extremely low toxicity of this drug has been reported in these literatures; however, there is no reasonable report on the effects and function of this drug on the cat’s heart processes in different phases of cardiac contraction. This article evaluated the effects of different dosages of mexiletine on cat’s electrocardiography.Seven cats were used for this study and incremental dosage method with oral capsule has been used. Before starting the study, each cat were evaluated by an electrocardiogram sample, which was considered as a normal electrocardiogram) ECG(. To evaluate the effects of mexiletine, doses of 4, 10, 15, 20 and 40 mg/kg were adjusted and prescribed. For each cat, the doses were prescribed sequentially every 24 hours and after prescription of the drug, the cats were examined clinically and electrocardiographically. This evaluation was done at the peak of the drug, about 2 hours after prescription. Finally, all clinical observations and ECGs were evaluated.In the clinical study, any clinic symptoms was considered and rhythm, heart rate, and determination of heart electrical functions such as P amplitude and duration, QRS duration, R amplitude, ventricular contraction time (QT interval) and PR interval were evaluated in electrocardiographic experiments.According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the drug is quite safe for cats and no cardiac complication and electrophysiological disorder was observed even with the use of high doses or even incremental doses, so this indicates that the drug can be safe in terms of cardiac effects.
The Role of BRAF Mutation (V600E) in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) Azhar Azher M. Al-Ankoshy1, Karrar A. Alqershi2, Hussein W.S. Rabeea3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.289

Abstract

Introduction. Thyroid cancer is usually associated with genetic alterations. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was found to be accompanied by point mutation occurs in a part of exon 15 in specific gene called BRAF which is a part of pathway that responsible for cell main functions such as division. The role of BRAF gene point mutation (V600E) in the occurrence of PTC was investigated in this study.Study designs and subjects: 70 patients previously diagnosed with PTC in addition to 35 controls were recruited in this control-based study. Patients were grouped according to their ages and gender. Blood samples were collected for DNA extraction. PCR was run to detect V600E point mutation in BRAF gene.Results: PTC incidence was found to be higher in patients aged from 40-49 years. The percentage decreased as ages increased. Females had higher PTC frequency than males, 66% to 34%, respectively. The V600E point mutation was detected in 35 patients out of 70 (50%).Conclusion. Genetic studies have to be a part of thyroid cancer investigations. The study confirmed that PTC is usually associated with molecular defect. Other studies such as thyroid profile tests (TSH, T3 or T4) have to be done along with genetic studies for more confirmation and more understanding of this molecular defect.
Forensic and Legal Victimology Education: The Actualization of Ethical Values in Law Djunaedi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.290

Abstract

Ethics need to be redeveloped as an effort to build the excellent forensic and legal victimology education, and law-abiding human beings with moral value. Being ethical means, therefore the awareness of the importance of ethics must always be a basic requirement in the forensic and legal victimology education order. The relation between ethics and educations is indeed close. There are many links which make both share similarities and differences, but the difference is not meant to separate them one from another. In addition, ethics and legal norms both have the same social aims, namely humans to do deeds according to the norms of society. Without a strong ethical principle, the awareness of forensic and legal victimology education may not grow well, the education may lose its substance. Even, the forensic and legal victimology is used as a tool to merely invigorate greed and selfishness. But by sticking to ethical principles, the awareness of forensic and legal victimology might grow well, as it may deliver and elevate human standards may realize social justice in Indonesia.
Risk Factor based on the Type of Stroke at RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia Kurnia Dwi Artanti1, Santi Martini1, Sri Widati2, Muhammad Alminudin1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.291

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke defined as a disease due to the trouble in the blood circulation which affected by several risk factors. It consists of fixed factors and unfixed factors. The fixed factor such as age, and gender, while unfixed factors including hypertension, blood glucose level, dyslipidemia, and job. Aims: This research aims to identify the distribution type of stroke, and risk factor which affecting the stroke patients in the RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya. Method: Research was designed as descriptive research to the stroke patient in the RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya. Various data was collected including age, gender, job, blood pressure, blood glucose level, and lipid profile when patient involved in the hospital at the first time, history of smoking, history of stroke in family. All of stroke patients in the RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya within October-December 2018 was addressed as subject in this research. Result: Result showed that ischemic stroke had the highest incidence rate in the hospital (72,6%), most of patient of stroke are male (56,2%) with age in less 65 years old (72,6%). Both hypertension 37(50,7%) respondent and smoking 29 (39,73%) respondent are the highest modified risk factor in this research. In the ischemic stroke, hypertension (62,3 %) is the highest modified risk factor. Whilst, in the hemorrhagic stroke, smoking (35 %) is the highest modified risk factor.. Moreover, the highest risk factor in all type of stroke is in age less than 65 years old (72,6%). Conclusion: Number of ischemic stroke case is higher than hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension is defined as the highest risk factor in hemorrhagic stroke, while smoking is the highest risk factor of ischemic stroke
Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus Occurrence in the Elderly at the Griya Antapani Public Health Center Ade Saputra Nasution1, Fitriani Pramita Gurning2, Muchti Yuda Pratama3, Fauzan4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.292

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a health disorder that is caused by an increase in insulin levels. Diabetes Mellitus, including disease, is also a risk factor for heart and blood vessel disease. Risk factors for Diabetes Mellitus itself from Abdominal/Central Obesity, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and smoking. This study aims to see whether there are factors associated with the place of Diabetes Mellitus in the work area of the Griya Antapani Community Health Center. The research method used is Analytical Epidemiology with a Cross-Sectional approach, Sampling many as 84 respondents. The results of study showed that there was a relationship between Abdominal/Central Obesity, Hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking the relationship between the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in the Working Area of the Griya Antapani Public Health Center in Bandung. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the community will find an unhealthy lifestyle to be healthy.
Medical Environment of Traditional Market Quality in A Business Competition Mohamad Tohari1, Khudzaifah Dimyati2, Absori Absori2, Nurhadiantomo2, Kelik Wardiono2, Wafda Vivid I
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.293

Abstract

There are two emerging markets in Indonesia, namely traditional markets and modern markets. Traditional market reform is one of the government’s programs to improve the performance of market traders. The existence of medicine environment aspects as the development of the quality of traditional markets is important to be discussed. The greater the health and medicine environmeny that occur shows a is a reflection of the level of public welfare. its development Traditional markets are beginning to be marginalized, this is due to the quality of commodities and un health environment that are not guaranteed.

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