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<![CDATA[Gender Determination from Toe Prints Among Kagay-Anons of Philippines for Forensic Application ]]>
<![CDATA[Nataraja Moorthy T]]>;
<![CDATA[DevinaKD]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariel Philip IP]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14470
<![CDATA[Footprint is a physical evidence, often found at the crime scenes. Due to its ability to provide moreinformation than fingerprint, it has been considered as a valuable clue. Sometimes, partial footprints or toeprints are found in crime scenes. Hence the present study used toe prints among Kagay-Anons of Philippinespopulation for gender determination. A total of 4000 toe prints were collected and analyzed by “Acreemethod”, using 5mm x 5mm square area transparent film. The number of ridges within the square wascalculated as ridge density. The finding has shown that females havecomparatively higher ridge density thanmalesin all five toes. The present study shows that partial foot print found at the crime scene can be stillcollected and analyzed for identification]]>
<![CDATA[Sexual Dimorphism from Fingerprint Ridge Density among KagayAnons of Philippines for Forensic Application ]]>
<![CDATA[Nataraja Moorthy T]]>;
<![CDATA[Aidil Nur Liyana M]]>;
<![CDATA[Ivan Nikkimor LD]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariel Philip IP]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14471
<![CDATA[Hand morphology and fingerprint patterns form a valuable tool for person identification. Sex identificationis a vital role in forensic and medico legal investigations. Determination of sex or gender of an individual isimportant because it can help in the forensic investigators to identify the suspect if male or female based onthe ridge density of handprint or palm print. The present study used fingerprints collected fromKagay-anonpopulation for determination of gender through ridge density. A total of 4000fingerprints (200 males and200 females) were collected and analyzed using the “Acree” method of ridge density counting within 5mmx 5mm square area calculated the ridge density. The mean ridge density iscomparatively higher in females(12.39-14.14) than males (11.06-11.87) in the fingerprints of the study population. The results are presentedin the form of tables and graphs.]]>
<![CDATA[Suicide Bombing in a Money Lending Shop – A Rare NonTerrorist Explosion Scene Report ]]>
<![CDATA[T. Nataraja Moorthy]]>;
<![CDATA[Baskaran, M]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14474
<![CDATA[Suicide is an intentional actof a person causing one’s own death. Suicide bombing is the choice of anindividual or organization member to embrace death for achievement. Suicide bombers are mostly fromterrorist organization. It is a crime scene report wherein a normal citizen, a lorry driver in India triggeredsuicidal bombing in a money lending shop. Suicidal death with explosive by normal citizens is rare. Theauthor, then Government forensic crime scene investigator had investigated the suicidal bombing scenewherein a lorry driver aged about 42 years committed suicide bombing in a money lending shop. It wasnot a terrorist attack,from any terrorist organization. The author examined the blasting site and identifiedthe type of explosive used in this act. After the bombing, the bomber survived for a while and subsequentlycollapsed within a shop, a rental house.The dead body found on the floor, within the shop with injuries onabdomen with exposed viscera. The body was intact, nor blown to pieces as appeared in terrorist suicideattack. An improvised devise found attached in abdomen region and the chemical substance used was lowpower explosives, never used by the terrorists for the suicide attack.The author concluded with a finding thatthe local lorry driver had committed suicide bombing under stress, because of his inability to pay the lorryloan instalments for many months. It was an act of psychological stress rather than terrorist attack since themoneylender was safe, even in his close range of the bomber]]>
<![CDATA[Hanging Deaths at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ]]>
<![CDATA[Shaik Khaja Moinuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[V Chand Basha]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14475
<![CDATA[Background: Hanging signifies an asphyxiation form which, by a noose or another constricting bandtightened by body weight, is secondary to compression or restriction of the neck structures. All hangings aresuicidal. Accidental and homicidal hangings are rare and uncommon.Objective: This research was performed on deaths attributed to neck strain related to hanging andstrangulation carried out for post-mortem analysis in the mortuary of Osmania General HospitalMethods: Detailed information regarding the deceased and the circumstances of the death were collectedfrom the police and relatives by a questionnaire. For certain situations, the detail was matched by an on-siteobservation or by photos of the incident location.Results: Knot was present in the right side of the neck in 97(48.5%) cases, over the left side of the neckin 62(31%) cases, and over the center of the occipital region in 41(20.5%) cases. In the present study, it isobserved that in 167(83.5%) cases, the level of ligature mark was above the thyroid cartilage, below thethyroid cartilage in 11(5.5%) cases, and overriding the thyroid cartilage in 22(11%) cases. parchmentizationwas present in 135(67.5%) cases and absent 65(32.5%) cases. The causes for these observations are theligature material type and the length of suspension which in the majority of cases are parchmentized. 169cases (84.5%) did not show any changes around the ligature mark, but in 31 cases (15.5%). Fracture of hyoidbone was seen in 3.5% of the cases and fracture of thyroid cartilage was seen in 4.5% of the casesConclusion: Our society has a great socio-economic burden due to the high incidence of suicidal hangingamong young adults particularly women. The private essence of hanging and convenient access to ligaturepoints and ligature supplies renders suicide avoidance challenging. Marital disappointment, organic diseaseissues, and dowry abuse are the primary reasons behind suicide hanging.]]>
<![CDATA[Toxicological Assessment of Ethanolic Leaves Extract of Kalanchoe pinnata in Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[V. Saravanan]]>;
<![CDATA[S.S. Murugan]]>;
<![CDATA[K.R. Navaneetha Krishnan]]>;
<![CDATA[N. Mohana]]>;
<![CDATA[K. Sakthivel]]>;
<![CDATA[T. N. Sathya]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14476
<![CDATA[Kalanchoe pinnata is a perennial plant that is widely used in the folklore treatment of kidney and gallstones and urinary insufficiency. The present study aims to evaluate the potential toxicity of the leaf extractof this plant upon acute and sub-acute (28 day) exposure in Wistar rats when administered orally. In Acuteoral toxicity(n=3) Female Wistar rats were treated with a single dose of 2000mg/kg b.wt and observed for14 days and Sub-acute toxicity(n=6) Male and Female Wistar rats were treated with the dose of 500 and1000mg/kg b.wt of leaf extract for 28 days consecutively. No mortality, morbidity or adverse clinical signsof toxicity were observed during the experimental period. No significant changes in the body weight wasobserved. Gross necropsy did not indicate any treatment-related pathological changes in any of the animalsin the acute and sub-acute toxicity studies. Histopathology of the Liver, Heart and Kidney did not show anyremarkable lesions that could be related to the administration of the leaf extract. Ethanolic leaf extract ofKalanchoe pinnata is relatively safe with an LD50 value greater than 2000 mg/kg. From the sub-acute study,the no-observed adverse effects level (NOAEL) of the extract can be derived as 1000 mg/kg b.wt in maleand female Wistar rats.]]>
<![CDATA[The Dessert Dimension: Genes related to Sweet Taste Receptors, Sweet Taste Preferences, its Association with Alcohol Consumption and dental Caries Incidence – A Literature Synthesis and scoping Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Vaibhav Kumar]]>;
<![CDATA[Heer Shah]]>;
<![CDATA[Romi Jain]]>;
<![CDATA[Swarali Atre]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahendra Gaikwad]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14477
<![CDATA[Sweet taste is considered to be the most desirable taste category. With recent advances and gene mappingtechniques, the genes associated with sweet taste were identified, namely, TAS1R family and the Saclocus. In this review, we have tried to summarise the association of sweet taste and genetics, involving thestudies related to sweet taste receptors, sweet taste preferences and how sweet taste preference can becomea potential phenotype that influences alcohol intake and dental caries. The PubMed and Google Scholardatabases were searched for articles using keywords ‘sweet taste’, ‘genes’, ‘sweet taste preferences’, ‘sweettaste and alcohol’, ‘dental caries’, etc. The process also involved hand searching using references.]]>
<![CDATA[Assess the Effects of Back Massage to Improve Sleeping Pattern of the Postoperative Cardiothoracic Patients among the Selected Hospitals ]]>
<![CDATA[Vaishali Tembhare]]>;
<![CDATA[Menaka S.P.]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14478
<![CDATA[Background : During the recovery time after cardiac surgery, some patients find that they have disturbed sleep.This is due to a combination of the effects of anesthesia, pain or discomfort in the area of the incisions, back,shoulder, and neck pain from manipulation of body during surgical procedure and the post-operative changesto daily routine and stress. Lack of sleep may cause fatigue; delay in recovery process and lead to prolongedhospitalization Therapeutic back massage has gained support as an intervention that improves the overallrelaxation of the body. Patients experience back massage as a calming, stimulating and effective measure ofsleep-inducing influence. Objectives: To assess the sleeping pattern of post operative cardiothoracic patientsbefore giving back massage, To assess the sleeping pattern of post operative cardiothoracic patients aftergiving back massage, To compare the difference between before and after massage effect on sleeping patternof post operative cardiothoracic patients, To correlate the effects of back massage with selected demographicvariables and to find out association between before and after back massage effects on sleeping pattern ofpost operative cardiothoracic patients. Material and Methods: An experimental method research with aconfiguration which is quasi experimental (non-randomized control group). This research was carried outin selected hospitals of the Vidharbha Region on postoperative cardiothoracic patient. Result: Statisticallysignificant difference was found in sleeping pattern score of postoperative cardiothoracic patients, beforeand after massage effect in experimental group. Conclusion: Massage evokes an aura of acceptance, bodyrespect and treatment. The intimate personal contact suggested in massage improves the bond between thenurse and the patient and this in effect provides an environment for wellbeing and healing. The present studyconcludes that back massage has an effect on improving the sleep pattern of postoperative cardiothoracicpatients in order to cope with the problem of postoperative sleep disruption that helps to recover early aftersurgery.]]>
<![CDATA[A Study Protocol on Effect of Postural Deviation on Functional Capacity in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Ruchita Rao Chilkapurwar]]>;
<![CDATA[Vaishnavi Yadav]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14479
<![CDATA[Background: According to WHO Chronic respiratory diseases are diseases of the airways and lung.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , asthma, occupational lung diseases and pulmonary hypertensionare among the most severe. Chronic respiratory disease is generally divided among adults into obstructiveand restrictive conditions. Restrictive lung disorders are characterized by decreased volumes of the lung,either due to a lung parenchyma change or due to pleura, chest wall or neuromuscular apparatus disease.Unlike obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which exhibitnormal or elevated total lung capacity (TLC), restrictive diseases are correlated with a reduced (TLC). Thesepresenting symptoms of chronic respiratory disease results in the postural deviations. It mainly affect thecervical and lumbar region of the spine which include forward head posture, upper thoracic kyphosis whichoccurs due to continues use of accessory muscles of breathing.The functional capacity of the patients areassessed by performing the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) it is fairly easy for evaluating the status of cardiacand pulmonary diseases.Methoud/Design: The study is designed as observational and correlation study. The participants will beselected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria from AVBRH , sawangi Meghe for the study. The durationof the study will be 6 months. Study include evaluation of the posture with the help of kinect azure andevaluation of functional capacity using 6 MWT. Correlation of 6MWT,Vo2 peak with severity of the posturaldeviation.Discussion: This study details about effect of postural deviation on functional capacity in patients withchronic respiratory disease. Many studies have been done on assessment of the postural deviation in COPDpatients but there is scarcity of literature which focus on the other respiratory conditions also. Kinect azure isthe objective measure for assessment and gives the detail evaluation of posture. Since deviated posture putsextra load on musculoskeletal system which indirectly affects the functional capacity. So the this study aimsto observe degree of postural deviation and relate it to the functional capacity. The present study can provideus the baseline idea data about the importance of maintaining good posture in chronic respiratory diseasespatients for improving functional capacity and also importance of good postural habit in exercise program.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of Awareness and outlook of a Pathological Autopsy among Medical Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Varsha Pande]]>;
<![CDATA[Bharat Umakant Patil]]>;
<![CDATA[Raju Wamanrao Gore]]>;
<![CDATA[Swapnil Patond]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14480
<![CDATA[Aim: This study assesses the awareness, outlook & knowledge toward Pathological autopsy amongstmedical students at tertiary care teaching center.Objectives: To assess medical student’s opinions, feelings and attitude towards autopsy and its importancein medical education.Material and Method: We conducted a study of 300 students studying 3rd and 5th semesters where theytaught about the subject. We used questionnaire containing questions relating to autopsy to assess theawareness, outlook & knowledge towardPathological Autopsy.Results: Amongst the class of 300 students no statistically difference is observed in the views of male andfemale students on any item in the present study.Conclusion: The Forensic Medicine is important subject for medical profession. Teaching how to perform anautopsy is relevant and plays a positive role in medical education, and autopsy training from both theoreticaland practical perspectives must be included in the forensic medicine curriculum. Medical institutes musttake responsibility to increase awareness about the effect of media on medical education.]]>
<![CDATA[Child Abuse and Neglect: Role and Obligation of Pediatric Dentist in India ]]>
<![CDATA[Varsha Sharma]]>;
<![CDATA[Brahmananda Dutta]]>;
<![CDATA[Mukul Sharma]]>;
<![CDATA[Anandamoy Bagchi]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14481
<![CDATA[Background: Child abuse is a form of behavior that involves treating someone (child, under the age of18years) with cruelty or violence resulting in actual or potential harm to the child. It has no boundariesand may occur in any geography, culture, or in any socioeconomic strata. Many studies reveal that there isinadequate knowledge and awareness regarding child abuse recognition and reporting among health workers.Method: Most of the studies reported that trauma to head and facial region occurs in approximately 50%or more of physically abused children. Therefore Pediatric Dentist has major chance of witnessing thephysical abuse in clinical practice. On the same time they are not the authority to make diagnosis of childabuse & neglect, rather identify and report the suspected cases, so that a process for effective protection ofthe victimized children can be initiated. It is the responsibility of the child protection agency/commission toconfirm the crime and do the needful. Hence, the role of pediatric dentist in the identification and reportingof suspected child abuse is crucial. He is expected to practice 4R’s: Recognize, Refer (if any), Record andReportConclusion: Understanding the peculiar role of Pediatric Dentist in recognizing and reporting child abuseand neglect which ultimately contributes towards making better world for children.]]>
