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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 409   410   411   412   413 
Investigating the Causes of Maternal Mortality in Abadan School of Medical Sciences During 2012 - 2017 Tahery, Noorollah; Khavayet, Fariba; Hosini seyed abbas; Pakseresht Maryam
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14459

Abstract

Introduction and Background: : Maternal mortality is one of endangering hazards of human life and is theindex of women health in society. The purpose of this study was investigating causes of maternal mortalityin Abadan School of Medical Sciences during 2012 - 2017.Material and Methods: : This is a cross sectional study that all maternal death during 2012 – 2017 wereassessed by a questionnaire and information obtained from investigation files and autopsy report. data wereanalyzed through SPSS software and descriptive statistics reports. Chi-Square and logistic regression wereemployed.Finding: the maternal mortality ratio was 27 per 100000 live births in 2012 to 2017. The most commoncause of maternal mortality was bleeding. In 70% of deaths, the way of childbirth was cesarean. Fifty percentof dead mothers were illiterate or had primary study degrees and 58% were urbane residents. Seventy-twopercent of this mothers lacked cares before pregnancy and in 71% of deaths, prenatal care was low.Conclusion: Increasing support and quality of cares before pregnancy, during pregnancy and after pregnancyand optimizing the skills and knowledge of medical and midwifery staff in caring and optimal treatment ofmothers will be of the most important effective actions in reducing maternal mortality.
Hypolipidemic Effects of Rosa Damascena Mill. Extract in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Tamam Jauhar; Bilqis Inayatillah; Maftuchah Rochmanti; Achmad Basori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14461

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic hyperglycemic condition with a lot of complication which canlead to death. Vascular complication in diabetes commonly caused by dyslipidemia which characterizedby decreased HDL, elevated LDL, Cholesterol and Triglyceride. Rosa damascena- an ornamental plantthoughts to have anti-hyperglycemia and antioxidant effects because of its large amount of polyphenoliccomponents . This study analyzed hypolipidemic activity properties of an ethanol extract of Rosa damascenaby measuring the lipid profile using various doses. Methods: This research is experimental study withrandomized post-test only control group design. Twenty male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups; The groupswere Healthy Control Group (HCG), Diabetes Group (DG), and Extract Group: P1 (250 mg/kgBW), P2(500 mg/kgBW), P3 (1000 mg/kgBW). All treatment groups were injected by single-dose streptozotocin50 mg/kgBW to induce diabetes, and given the Rosa damascena ethanolic extract oral treatment for 2weeks. Statistical results showed that Rosa damascena significantly decrease cholesterol (58.2±15.19), LDL(11±2.44) optimally in dose 250 mg/KgBW and triglyceride (96.7±44.2) optimally in dose 500 mg/kgBWafter 14 days. Conclusion: Rosa damascena extract seems to be great candidate for anti-hyperlipidemicdrugs.
Awareness and Attitude Towards Organ Donation Under Transplantation of Human Organ Act 1994 amongst Medical Students in Teaching Hospital at Chennai S. K .Tanissha; P Shruthi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14462

Abstract

Organ transplantation, a treatment procedure to save the lives of patients with end stage organ failure is agrey zone about which the multitude is still unaware. The attitude of the Indian population towards organdonation is very bleak accounting to a rate of 0.26 per ten lakh people. A cross-sectional study was conductedamong 300 medical students with a pre-tested, semi structured questionnaire to assess their knowledge andattitude regarding organ donation. Data collected was statistically analysed using SPSS software. 96% ofthe study participants were aware about organ donation and 98.5% believed that organ donation should bepromoted. 4.8% participants of this study had already signed up the organ donation form .Willingness fororgan donation was significantly associated with knowledge about organ donation. When compared to boys,girls reported higher mean scores in knowledge (8.48±1.11) and attitude (7.38±0.85). Though most of thestudents had adequate knowledge, gaps existed in their practices. By providing adequate knowledge andorientation about the topic, all the Medical graduates can become the potential organ donors in the futureand also abide by the law of land by motivating the patients to donate their organs.
Superior Laryngeal Nerve Injury in Thyroidectomy Surgery Taufiq Urahman; Sunarto Reksoprawiro
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14463

Abstract

Introduction: The thyroid gland is one of the endocrine glands with the most frequent disorders or diseasescompared to other endocrine glands. Treatment of these disorders is generally performed by surgery orcalled a thyroidectomy. Thyroidectomy surgery can pose a risk of complications, both early complications,and late complications. Common complications are hemorrhage, hypoparathyroidism, recurrent laryngealnerve injury, and external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.Purpose: To analyze the effect of the surgical method of superior thyroideal vasa ligation as distally aspossible on the prevention of injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) inthyroidectomy.Methods: Clinical trial study with pre and post-test design in patients undergoing thyroidectomy surgery.Patients were examined using a questionnaire of the injury-related voice of EBSLN (SKC-EBSLN), whichtested the validity and reliability of the previous test and measured 1-octave sound ability before and afterthyroidectomy surgery using the superior thyroidectomy vasa ligation method as distally as possible to seeits effect on EBLSN function and tone ability function.Results: There were differences in the scores of the SKC-EBSLN questionnaire before and afterthyroidectomy surgery using the method of superior thyroideal vasa ligation as distally as possible (p<0.05). Further analysis showed that clinical diagnosis, surgery, tumor size, and AP outcome did not havea statistically significant effect on the postoperative SKC-EBSLN score (p> 0.05). In this study, the SKCEBSLN score had a significant effect on the 1-octave tone ability (p <0.05).Conclusion: As many as 51.9% of patients had a normal voice condition with few complaints and wereable to sing 1-octave tone after surgery using the method of superior thyroidal vasa ligation as distally aspossible. The SKC-EBSLN questionnaire is a valid and reliable questionnaire to evaluate the results ofthyroidectomy surgery.
Effect of Wobble Board Training with Mirror Feedback and Computer Based Balance Board Training on Static and Dynamic Balance and Quality of Life in Elderly Population Tejaswini Fating; Ashish W. Bele
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14464

Abstract

Background: The extent of the risk of falling rises with ageing, and the number of falls and accidents thatoccur strongly contributes to admission to a nursing home. Fall is mostly caused due to lack of balanceand also affect the quality of life, so the various Physiotherapy approaches are available for prevention andtreatment of fall but very few studies utilized computerized balance board training program to improve thebalance, hence need for the study is to find out the efficacy of balance board training & to enhancing balanceand gait as well as the significance of these training on static and dynamic stability and quality of life in thegeriatric population.Method: Total n=96 elderly people will be targeted who are about 60 years of age or older. Participants willbe randomly separated into two groups (control or experimental group).The training session design for a 6weeks and each session for a 20-30 minute. Outcome measures will be used to assess the static and dynamicstability and quality of life in the elder population group.Discussion: This clinical work seeks to equate the impact of traditional wobble board balance instructionin the elderly community and computer-based balance board preparation. To conclude, this work will helpelderly people strengthen their static and dynamic equilibrium, and also increase their quality of life.
Stevens Johnson Syndrome in Babylon Thamir M. Kadhim
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14465

Abstract

SJS and TEN are emergency medical conditions, rare but with high mortality rate. They start as flu like illnesswith high fever. They are mucocutaneous disorders Affect mainly the skin, eye, nose, mouth and genitalia,with characteristics rash, blistering, peeling of the skin. Two accused as a cause: certain drugs, and infectionslike Mycoplasma pneumonia. In order to overcome the lack of informative studies about these syndromes,and to lower the high mortality rate associated, we followed the occurrence, diagnosis, management andprognosis of these syndromes in one year field study in the province of Babylon, Iraq from the 1st of March2018 to the 1st of March 2019. The data were taken from the medical records of 4 major hospital in thecenter of AL Hilla city, Iraq (Al Hilla teaching hospital , Merjan teaching hospital Babil teaching hospital,and Al Noor pediatric hospital). Five cases of this syndrome where reported, 3 males and 2 females with agerange 23-30 years. One female survived. Four patients died. Full typical autopsy with necessary laboratorytests where achieved in the department of Forensic Medicine in Babylon. The occurrence of this syndromewas 5 /2 million /year, the diagnosis was delayed and accordingly the management and lines of treatmentwere delayed too, leading to bad prognosis (four deaths, one survival). The mortality rate was 80%. Thedirect causes of death were pneumonia and encephalitis associated with Stevens Johnson Syndrome. Thissyndrome should be kept in mind when prescribing a medication. Early management is leading to goodprognosis
Impact of a Mental Health Gap (mhGAP) Module on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) and Caregiver Burden in a South Indian Community Thasleem SK; Sharma R; Shaji KS
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14466

Abstract

Background: Non pharmacological interventions are the first line treatment recommended for behavioraland psychological symptoms of dementia and mental health gap module is a non-pharmacologicalinterventions based program developed by Word Health Organization for dementia patients especially inlow and middle income countries. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of mental health gapmodule on Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and caregiver burden in a south Indian ruralcommunity.Methods: A quasi experimental one group pretest posttest time series design study was conducted among61 elderly with dementia in a south Indian rural community who were selected using purposive sampling.Pre interventional assessment was done with Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire and Zarit BurdenInterview. A multifaceted mental health gap intervention was delivered to the patients through monthly homevisit by community health workers for one year and impact on behavioral and psychological symptoms andcaregiver burden was tested at six weeks, three months and 12 months.Conclusion : There was a significant improvement in behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementiaand caregiver burden during study period. This study proved that behavioral and psychological symptomsof dementia and caregiver burden can be managed though home based non pharmacological interventionsusing community health workers which is a beneficial and cost effective model for low and middle incomecountries.
The Role of Doctors in Drug Administration and the Execution of Penal Death Tongat Tongat; Ratri Novita Erdianti; Said Noor Prasetyo; Nu’man Aunuh; Yaris Adhial Fajrin; Wafda Vivid Izziyana
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14467

Abstract

Although until now Indonesia still applies capital punishment, efforts to limit its application are still beingmade, including improving the procedures for its implementation. One way to ensure that the execution ofthe death penalty is still carried out with respect for life is to involve doctors in treatment and the executionof the death penalty. In addition, in the reform of Indonesian criminal law (Draft KUHP), a policy forpostponing death penalty has been formulated. Those sentenced to death are given the opportunity to improvethemselves for a certain time (10 years). If within the grace period the convict can show improvement inhimself, then the death penalty need not be carried out and replaced with deprivation of liberty.
Identification of Giardia lamblia Genotypes among Children in Tikrit City by Using Nested PCR Torkan Ahmad Hama Hasan; Abdul Khaleq Alwan Muhaimid; Ayhan Rashid Mahmood
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14468

Abstract

The parasite Giardia lamblia is one of the most widespread intestinal protozoa that infects humans allover the world, causing giardiasis. It was first diagnosed in the duodenum and ileum in human digestivetract, where its effect is primarily on children. Giardia disease affects more than 280 million people everyyear worldwide. It is also one of the most important parasitic infections in many countries in terms ofincidence and morbidity. 615 stool samples were collected from children attending Tikrit Teaching Hospitaland private laboratories during the study pehriod to investigate the spread of G. lamblia among children, andthe total infection rate was 14.30%. Where the rate of infecting children in the city was 11.54% of the totalof 50 samples. Through the molecular examination in this study, the parasite G. lamblia, the target gene TPItriose phosphate isomerase was used to identify clusters of G. lamblia. All positive samples were positivewith group B and no infection was registered with group A.
Stature Determination from 3D Foot Impression among Telugus in Malaysia Nataraja Moorthy T; Sangitha J
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14469

Abstract

Personal identification is the primary aim of anyforensic investigations. Foot impressions, either 2D or 3Dare used for person identification. Foot impression found on soft surfaces is three dimension in nature (3D),also namedfoot outline which shows the boundaries of the foot left by the offenders on soft surfaces. It is afact that 3D impressions can also be used to determine stature, body weight and gender. In the developingcountries, people are still walking barefooted. Earlier foot impression studies were conducted on mixedpopulation and currently researchers are insisting the importance of ethnicity consideration.MalaysianIndians are an important ethnic group living in Malaysia, with minor sub-ethnicgroups such as Malayali,Telugu, Sikh, Tamil, and others. Hence this study intends to examine the relationship between stature and 3Dfoot lengths among Malaysian Telugus, mostly living in peninsular Malaysia. The stature and foot outlines(3D) were collected from consented Telugu 140 subjects, comprising 73 males and 67 females, age rangingfrom 18 to 60 years old. The data obtained were analysed statistically using SPSS software version 21.0.There exists a strong positive correlation between stature and 3D foot impression lengths and the correlationcoefficient (R) values are found to be higher in unknown gender/pooled samplefollowed by males andfemales. This study developed regression formulae to determine stature from foot outline (3D) lengthsamong Malaysian Telugus for crime scene investigation. The equations are population specific and shouldnot be used for any other populations.

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