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<![CDATA[Fracture of Implant Prosthesis at Abutment Neck- A Rare Phenomenon ]]>
<![CDATA[Vasantha Vijayaraghavan]]>;
<![CDATA[Priya Lele]]>;
<![CDATA[Rupali Patil]]>;
<![CDATA[Darshana Mundhe]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14482
<![CDATA[Implant dentistry has become common treatment modality for total and partial edentulous arches.Complications arising after placement and eventual functioning of implant prosthesis are also increasinglyencountered in routine clinical practice. This case report is about implant prosthesis where fracture of neckof abutment occurred at internal hex level of implant after 5 years of optimal functioning in oral cavity.]]>
<![CDATA[Pharmacology and Toxicology Teaching Patterns for Undergraduate Students in Pharmacy and Medical College at Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabi: A Survey ]]>
<![CDATA[Yosra AL-Hindi1]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14483
<![CDATA[Background: Pharmacology and toxicology is the field of biomedical sciences that cares with the study ofmedication and the drug action, where a drug can be defined as any chemical substance, that, when taken bya living organism, produces a therapeutic effect and promote well-being.Objective : The Aim of this study was to assess the students’ attitudes toward, perceptions of and feedbacksurrounding pharmacology and toxicology teaching methods.Method : This was a cross-sectional study involved a survey given to 3rd years and 4th years pharmacy(Pharm D + B Pharm) students and medical students with a total number of (108) participants. The studywas administered through a pre-validated questionnaire containing questions based on the internationallyaccepted “Likert Scale”.Results : The study showed that students favored many changes in pharmacology and toxicology, includingthe trend of teaching them to third year and fourth year students (48%), instruction on how to choose drugsrationally in future practice (48%), distribution of handouts before lectures (43%), clinical pharmacology(49%), teaching certain topics during pre-final or final year (35%), and a combination of multiple choicequestions (MCQs) and written and oral rating evaluation methods for examination (40%). Students were infavour of that pharmacology should be integrated horizontally with other paraclinical subjects and emphasison problem solving exercises rather than on didactic (teaching) lectures.Conclusion : It is evident that there is an imperative need to implement radical changes in the teaching ofpharmacology and toxicology, changes that would allow the pharmacist and/or doctor of tomorrow to renderbetter health services.]]>
<![CDATA[Sexual Dimorphism from Foot Morphometry : A Study among Two Endogamous Groups of North India ]]>
<![CDATA[Bhamini Sharma]]>;
<![CDATA[Reena Singla]]>;
<![CDATA[Vishal Verma]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14484
<![CDATA[Background: The present study aims to exhibit sexual dimorphism from foot morphometry and to find if it can be used as a tool for sex determination in forensic sciences among two endogamous groups (baniya, jats) of North Indian population. It is also aimed at providing anthropometric values for foot length and foot breadth and comparing them to existing data needed for the establishment of reference standard for the study groups on the basis of which various endogamous groups can be compared with one another and sexual differences established. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out at Department of Anatomy , MMIMSR Mullana –Ambala, on 400 subjects(100 males,100 females of each group) belonging to baniya and jats community of North India between 21-35 years of age. Foot morphometry was done with the help of osteometric board and results were statistically analysed. Results: The mean Foot length in males was 3 cm more than females with highly significant p value. The mean foot breadth of males was 1 cm higher than females with statistically significant p value. The mean foot length and foot breadth of jat group was more as compared to Baniya group with highly significant p value.The Mean Foot index ranges from 37(jats) – 36.9 (Baniya) males. In females,the range of mean foot index is between 37.73 (jats) -38.25 (baniya) . Conclusion: Males belonging to jat and baniya community had higher mean foot length,foot breadth than females. Among the study groups,jats males and females have longer and broader feet than baniya males and females.Foot index <37 is suggestive of male foot and >37 female foot and can be used as a reference point for sex determination among study groups.]]>
<![CDATA[Environmental Maintenance through the Application of Adat (Criminal) Sanctions on Baduy Communities ]]>
<![CDATA[Umi Rozah]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14485
<![CDATA[This article aims to describe the implementation of customary criminal sanctions used by the Baduycommunity in maintaining and preserving their nature and the effectiveness of the use of customarysanctions in preventing and overcoming actions that damage the environment of the Baduy community. Itis a qualitative research to produce descriptive data, where the approach used is socio-legal research usingsecondary data as a normative or doctrinal approach, and uses a social approach to explore primary data inthe form of values and interpret the behavior of local communities in solving customary cases. The resultsof this study indicate that the life of the Baduy community which is supported by agriculture and cultivationis very dependent on natural preservation. The maintenance and preservation of the environment in theBaduy community is highly respected. Various ways to preserve nature through avoidance of goods andmodern lifestyle are carried out from generation to generation so as not to change the order of nature and theenvironment. In preserving nature, the Baduy community provides guidelines on certain actions that theirindigenous people should not take, such as burning forests, cutting trees in certain areas.]]>
<![CDATA[Concealment of Crime Revealing by Detailed Autopsy: A Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Verma L.C]]>;
<![CDATA[Meena S.K]]>;
<![CDATA[Tatwal B]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14486
<![CDATA[Ancient literature suggests a link in between modus operandi of different crimes in different parts ofuniverse, but there is a wide variation in motive and execution of crime. However assailants are very keen toconceal crime by different methods. Defacement of body, electrocution , throwing into river, burial , burningthe body , dismembering the body parts and throwing body on railway track are more common methods ofconcealment of crime. Among various method of concealment of crime some of are discussing in this articlewith other related factors.]]>
<![CDATA[A Survey to Assess Oral Hygiene Awareness, Difficulties Faced and Satisfaction Level During and after Orthodontic Treatment ]]>
<![CDATA[Vignesh Kamath]]>;
<![CDATA[Vinay Guggari]]>;
<![CDATA[Amol Sangewar]]>;
<![CDATA[Harsha Hegde]]>;
<![CDATA[Priya Mukherjee]]>;
<![CDATA[Swapna Bettanapalya Venkatesh]]>;
<![CDATA[Smitha Sammith Shetty]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14490
<![CDATA[Introduction: The foremost goal of orthodontic treatment is to improve dental occlusion and alignmentof teeth, which eventually results in a healthy functioning of dentition and facial aesthetics. The aim of thepresent study was to assess the oral hygiene awareness, difficulties faced and satisfaction level among agroup of students undergoing orthodontic therapy during and after treatment.Materials and Methods: A sample of 200 students from Melaka Manipal Medical College, who receivedorthodontic treatment were included in the study. A cross - sectional study in the form of self-administeredquestionnaire was carried out. The questions were based mainly to assess the difficulties faced, awarenesswith regard to oral hygiene and satisfaction level of the participants during and after orthodontic treatment.Results: The difficulties faced by orthodontics patients were in the range of 65 to 85%, which were troublesleeping, food lodgement and difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene. Study participants were not aware ofvarious cleaning modes though more than 50% used floss. In the post treatment phase, aesthetic appearancewas found to be better.Conclusion: The present study showed that the participants who were undergoing orthodontic treatment didnot have sufficient knowledge about oral hygiene practices. The participants were satisfied with the aestheticappearance post treatment.]]>
<![CDATA[Telemedicine : Guidelines in India and its Importance in COVID Pandemic ]]>
<![CDATA[Vikas Gurbani]]>;
<![CDATA[Shagun Thakur]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14492
<![CDATA[Social Distancing became the new norm in the COVID 19 pandemic. While at one side the world-widemedical fraternity is finding ways to combat the viral infection, there were patients with existing illness whoneeded follow-up care. The role of Telemedicine became important under such circumstances.A study conducted by Earnst & Young (EY) in association with Indian Pharmaceutical Alliance (IPA)[Mar’20], estimated the Telemedicine market in India to reach $5.5 billion By 2025[3]. These telemedicinecompanies offer services like teleconsultation, e-prescription, e-pharmacy and online ordering & schedulingof laboratory investigations.Just after the start of statutory lockdown in India in view of COVID pandemic, on 25 March’2020, theBOARD OF GOVERNORS in supersession of the Medical Council of India notified the “TelemedicinePractice Guidelines” to enable R.M.P.s to provide healthcare using Telemedicine [7]. [This constitutesAppendix 5 of the Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette and Ethics Regulation, 2002]Although the practice of Telemedicine was going on in some form or the other in the last two decades, butthere was a question with respect to its legitimacy and acceptance by the medical fraternity at large. Thenotification of these guidelines has cleared the picture to a large extent and lays the foundation for this newtool of medicine practice.This article is a peak into the current guidelines of Telemedicine in India and its usefulness in the COVIDpandemic.]]>
<![CDATA[Impact of Covid 19 Pandemic on Dentists: Psychological Evaluation using DASS 21 ]]>
<![CDATA[Vineet Golchha]]>;
<![CDATA[Pooja Sharma]]>;
<![CDATA[Bhuvan Deep Gupta]]>;
<![CDATA[Nancy Yadav]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14493
<![CDATA[Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the area of Wuhan, China, hasevolved rapidly into a public health crisis. Despite having high standards of knowledge and practices, dentalpractitioners around the globe are in a state of anxiety or fear. Being on the list of high-risk professions,dentists are very much expected to develop stress due to the current pandemic situation indicating a need toevaluate the effect of COVID 19 on the psychological status of Indian dentists.Methodology: The data was collected through well-structured Google form from 500 dentists workingin Delhi NCR. The entire form had two components. The first part of the form collected the informationregarding the demographic profile of the dentists whereas the second part of questionnaire consisted ofpsychological evaluation using well established psychological scale DASS 21.Result: The results showed that 8% of Indian dentist showed signs of severe depression and 17% hadmoderate signs. 9% showed moderate and 13% showed mild anxiety. 8% showed severe stress and 24%had moderate signs of stress. Significant correlation was found between depression and anxiety with stress.Conclusion: Dentists are undergoing stress which in turn can have adverse effects on their physical andmental well-being in a long run. There is a need to evolve with the current COVID 19 pandemic andbrainstorming the ways to encourage the safer practice and decrease the levels of depression, anxiety andstress among dentist.]]>
<![CDATA[A Study to Analyze the willingness of Smokers to Quit Smoking Following Dentist’s Advice ]]>
<![CDATA[Vishwas Mishra]]>;
<![CDATA[Shitanshu Malhotra]]>;
<![CDATA[Madhusudan Krishna]]>;
<![CDATA[Manu Narayan]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14494
<![CDATA[Aim: To analyze the patient’s perceptions about the role of dentists in smoking prevention, counseling andcessation and to analyze the willingness of smokers to quit smoking following dentist’s advice.Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted among dental patients visiting Dental Collegeand Hospital in the month of November 2019 using a self administered questionnaire. Convenient samplingwas done. Among five hundred patients who participated in the study, 486 completed it with a response rateof 97.2%. The descriptive statistics and chi square analysis was performed to analyze data.Results: The patients had good knowledge about the effects of smoking on general and oral health. Howeverits effect on hair loss, ageing and wound healing can be reinforced. Non smokers had significantly higher(p<0.05) knowledge about the effects of smoking on ageing, bad breath, gum diseases and oral cancercompared to smokers. Patients had positive perception about the role of dentist in smoking cessationactivities. Smokers exhibited willingness to quit if suggested by the dentist.Conclusion: Patients perceive that dentists can play an important part in smoking cessation activities. Hencedentists should not hesitate to give smoking advice to their patients and grasp this opportunity to improve thegeneral and oral health of the community.]]>
<![CDATA[The Clinical Effect of Super Oxidized Water Mouthwash on The Periodontal Parameters (Plaque Index, Gingival Index And Bleeding on Probing) for Patients with Dental Biofilm Induced Gingivitis ]]>
<![CDATA[Ali Jawad M. Ali]]>;
<![CDATA[Ali1, Maha Sh. Mahmood]]>;
<![CDATA[Saif S. Saliem]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14495
<![CDATA[Background: One of the most predominant periodontal diseases is the dental biofilm induced gingivitis. : Forthe past 20 years, super-oxidized solutions have been shown to be powerful antimicrobials and disinfectantsvia oxidative damage. The taste is better than chlorhexidine and doesn’t stain the teeth. Microsafe®, a superoxidized solution for gingival care, offers a completely improved approach to treatment of gingivitis.Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of super oxidized water mouthwash by improving gingival health in dentalbiofilm induced gingivitis. .Materials and Methods: 45 adult male patients with generalized dental biofilm induced gingivitisparticipated in the double blinded randomized controlled parallel study divided into three groups, twomouthwashes and distilled water( negative control) used during seven days periods as adjunctive to regularmechanical oral hygiene(brushing and interdental aids cleaning), one group received super oxidized watermouthwash (Microsafe®) three times daily and the second group received 0.12% alcohol-free chlorhexidinemouthwash (Kin gingival®) twice daily and the third group received distilled water twice daily (negativecontrol).Results: According to the plaque index, highly significant improvement of all treatment groups was observedin the second visit one-week post treatment. Microsafe® (SOW) showed to have clinical outcomes closedto the effect of CHX (the positive control) than the negative control group (D.W group). According to theGI, there was a significant difference between the study groups in the2nd visit after treatment and CHX wasappeared to be most effective when compared to Microsafe®.According to BOP , all the treatment groups showed reduced BOP one-week between the 1st visit and the 2ndvisit ; although, CHX showed better outcomes (the mean difference was 14.258 ) when compared to D.Wand Microsafe® groups( the mean differences were 10.838, 9.9 respectively).Conclusion: There was a positive effect of topical application of Microsafe® mouthwash as adjunctiveto regular mechanical oral hygiene on gingival inflammation three times daily after one week. This wasimproved by clinical periodontal parameters (PlI , GI and BOP).]]>
