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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 408   409   410   411   412 
A Comparative Study of Corneal Complications in Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification Sujata Charel; Robin Jain; Janki Brahmbhatt; Niklank Mehta
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14444

Abstract

Methods: The present study was done among 80 patients from them 40 patients underwent SICS (group-1)and 40 underwent phacoemulsification(group-2) ,both with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.Post-operative corneal complication were reviewed with slit lamp examination on the 1st, 7thand 30th postoperative day.Results: In our study 80 eyes from 80 patient included from which 40 eyes in group-1 and 40 eyes forgroup-2. Mean age of patients was 58 years. Among 80 eyes 34 eyes developed corneal complication aftercataract surgery. Total corneal complication rate after cataract surgery (SICS+ Phacoemulsification) was42.5%.out of them 17.5% and 25% corneal complication occur in SICS and phacoemulsification respectively.22% ,7%,3%,3% rate of mild striate keratopathy, moderate striate keratopathy, edema, descemet’smembrane detachment respectively in group-1(SICS). 20%,15%,10%,5% rate of mild striate keratopathy,moderate striate keratopathy, micro cystic edema, descemet’s membrane detachment respectively in group2(phacoemulsification).There was statistically significant difference of corneal complication between manual small incision cataractsurgery and phacoemulsification surgery at 1st postoperative day. After 1month follow-up there was nostatistically difference of corneal complication in both groups.Conclusion: Corneal complication on follow-up were almost similar in both phacoemulsification and smallincision cataract surgery
Effectiveness of Kaltenborn Posterior Glide and Coracohumeral Ligament Positional Stretching on External Rotation Range of Motion in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis Sungjemmongla Walling; Abhijit Kalita; Abhijit Dutta
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14445

Abstract

Background:Adhesive capsulitis is a common and debilitating medical condition which is treated by varioussurgical and non-surgical treatments but there is no significant method universally. Physical therapists usevarious shoulder mobilization techniques to improve the ROM. Radiographic and surgical evidence presentstightened CHL to be a prime contributor to inadequate shoulder external rotation in individuals diagnosedwith adhesive capsulitis.Objective: To determine the combined effectiveness of Kaltenborn posterior glide and coracohumeralligament (CHL) positional stretching on external rotation in patients with adhesive capsulitis.Methods and Measures:A number of 30 subjects, both Male and Female with a primary diagnosis ofshoulder adhesive capsulitis by the physician were recruited. 15 subjects each were randomly assignedto Group-A(Experimental) and Group-B(control). All subjects received 6 therapy sessions consisting ofmoist heat, shoulder pendular and ROM exercises, Kaltenborn posterior glide and Coracohumeral ligamentpositional stretching in Group-A. Moist heat, shoulder pendular and ROM exercises in Group-B. Pre-testand post-test were carried out for both the groups and analysed using paired and independent t tests in anSPSS software.Results: The experimental group(Group-A) mean VAS score had decreased from 6.27 to 3.73, SPADI meanscore decreased from 0.534 to 0.380 and also Goniometer (Shoulder external ROM) showed an improvementfrom 29.2 to 35.33 but when intergroup analysis was done, it resulted in significance only for SPADI wherep < 0.05. Through this measure, we can state that the treatment protocol for group A had a significantimprovement in disability but not much on pain and ROM in patients with adhesive capsulitis.Conclusion: All the interventions has brought about some improvement in each group post-treatment basedon the mean score but its significance vary. So, this study can be concluded that, the treatment protocol,Kaltenborn posterior glide and CHL positional stretching could bring a significant difference with regard todisabilty but not much of difference in pain and ROM in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
Analysis of Defence Injuries in Homicide Cases Categorised in Accordance to Homicide Injury Scale Sunil Subramanyam; Joshima Janardhanan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14448

Abstract

Introduction: The instinct of self-preservation drives a person to defend themselves from any violent attackwhich in itself may produce injuries on the body. These are termed as defence injuries. This study aims toanalyse defence injuries in homicide cases which are categorised based on its severity as determined byHomicide Injury Scale (HIS).Methods: This is a retrospective study which included all homicide cases which were autopsied during atwelve year period in a tertiary care hospital. Each of these cases were categorised according to the HIS. Thepresence, type and distribution of defence injuries were then tabulated and analysed.Results: A total of 85 homicide cases were autopsied during the specified study period. Out of these 85cases, 53 cases showed defence injuries (62%) and majority of these cases fell under higher categories ofHIS. Cases categorised under HIS 2,3 and 4 had defence wounds which were more blunt force in naturewhile cases under HIS 5 and 6 had more sharp force defence injuries. Passive defence injuries were founduniformly across all categories of HIS, however active defence injuries were found more in higher categoriesof HIS than in lower ones.Conclusion: This is rare study where the pattern and distribution of defence injuries was analysed based ona standardised scale. Active defence injuries were more commonly seen in homicide cases placed on higherscales of HIS.
Haplotype Profiling of Y-STRs among Northern Population in Thailand Supakit Khacha-ananda; Phatcharin Mahawong; Thida Kaewkod
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14450

Abstract

Background: The investigation of Y-short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) has been widely performed in forensiccaseworks. Due to variation between populations, understanding of genetic information within individual apopulation could provide the database and scientifically reliable results. This study was to investigate alleleand haplotype frequencies of Y-STRs among localized people who lived in northern Thailand.Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted by gathering medical reports of Y-STRs typing.The allele frequency and gene diversity as well as haplotype frequency and diversity were calculated.Pairwise genetic distance (Rst) was also calculated based on haplotype pattern by using AMOVA andMultidimensional Scaling (MDS) tools.Results: The result showed that DYS389II, DYS439, and DYS392 represented the highest number of allelepatterns. The highest and lowest allele frequency was found to be allele 14 of DYS437 and allele 13 ofDYS437, respectively. The highest and lowest gene diversity was observed in DYS389II and DYS437,respectively. One-hundred and sixty different haplotypes were defined where 144 carried a unique haplotypeand 16 carried a replicate haplotype. A significant Rst value was obtained between the studied population andcentral Thai population.Conclusion: This study provided genetic database of Y-STRs among localized population in northern regionof Thailand. The genetic structure of our subjects also represented the significant close relationship withsome other populations in Southeast Asia.
Effectiveness of Pippalyadi Ointment in Management of Arsha (Haemorrhoids) Suraj P Rathod; Kiran Khandare
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14451

Abstract

Arsha is a common anorectal disease so associated with bleeding per anum . It can be compared toHaemorrhoids accoding to modern science. Haemorrhoids are dilated veins in the anal canal. Through allthe modern modalities of treatment in haemorrhoids are universally accepted but all have some or otherlimitations. In Ayurveda various measures have been mentioned for the management of Abhyantar Arsha ,among which lepa karma is one of them . Various study have been done on the application of various lepaso prepared have been conducted depending upon the sign and symptoms. Objective- This study was carriedout to find the effectiveness of Pippalyadi ointment in Ptients of Arsha .Materials and Methods- Here thepatient of Arsha were selected as per criteria and Pipplyadi ointment was advised for 15 days twice a dayas local application.
Ayurvedic Protocol on Effectiveness of Pippalyadi and Suranadi Ointment in Management of Arsha (Haemorrhoids) Suraj Rathod; Kiran Khandare; Alok Kumar Diwedi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14452

Abstract

Background- Ano-rectal disorders are progressively increasing in the society. Out of many of the causes, someimportant are sedentary lifestyle, irregular and inappropriate diet, prolonged sitting or standing and certainpsychological disturbances too. Arsha is one among the ano rectal diseases which occurs in Gudapradesha,which is a sadhyopranaharaMarma[1]. In Arsha bleeding per anum is the principal symptoms .Arsha is agift of modern diets and busy lifestyles and many people are suffering from some sort of Anorectal disorder,it may be simple constipation to complex carcinoma, in which prominent disorder is Arsha. It is manifesteddue to multifold factors viz. disturbed lifestyle or daily routines, improper or irregular diet intake, prolongedstanding or sitting, faulty habits of defecation etc. which results in derangement of Jatharagni leading tovitiation of Tridosha, mainly VataDosha.
Risk Factors of Suicides: A Retrospective Study Suresh Kumar Karthikean; Kancharla Suresh Reddy; T. Sudharson; Veena Raja
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14453

Abstract

Introduction: “Suicide” is a fatal act that represents the person’s wish to die. The “psychological autopsy”is a “procedure for investigating a person’s death by reconstructing what the person thought, felt and didpreceding his or her death. The present study aimed to find out the profile of those completing suicide withregard to various factors to know the circumstances leading to suicide. Materials and method: Retrospectivediagnoses of psychiatric disorders were made by questions on 120 deceased cases of suicides, over the agesof 15 years, both urban and rural, which were sent for medical autopsy. All these data was collected byinterviewing the close relatives and friends of the patient. Results: Most of people involved in suicide weremales belonging to age group 16-30 years while very few of them were above 60 years. Most of them wereilliterates, working as daily labourers or self employed. Among women most of them were housewives.They were from low economic background, from the rural areas and married. The most common cause ofsuicides was financial loss, stress and illness. Conclusion: Proper counselling and monitoring the intendedvictims may help to reduce the number of deaths. Also the families need to be counselled regarding theimportance of family values and integrity among the family members.
Awareness about Acts and Amendments in Bills Related to Sexual Offences amongst Medical Students and Interns In A Private Medical College and Hospital at Chennai Sushanth Satish; P Shruthi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14454

Abstract

Women and Children constitute one of the vulnerable sections of our society. Proactive scheduling andstipulation of services to them is an asset for the future of our country. Their care and protection has emergedas a precedence for the Government .The objective of the study was to assess and analyze the awarenessabout the amendments in acts and introduction of new bills related to sexual offences amongst Medicalstudents and Interns in teaching medical colleges,hospitals at Chennai. 300 participants took part in thiscross sectional study which revealed that almost one fifth of them (20%) felt that only children below 16years came under the POCSO Act 2012. Nearly 55% of the participants were unaware of the exact featuresof the POCSO Act 2012. Only one fourth were aware that as per the new amendment in the proposed MTPbill regarding requirement of only a single RMP’s opinion for termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks,while 56% of the participants were unaware of the minimum punishment for the rape of a girl under 16years.The study result implies the need to have more educational sessions for the students regarding the amendmentsin the acts.
A Study on the Histopathological Changes in Cases of Pesticide Poisoning and Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm Swapan K. Adhikari; Soumeek Chowdhuri; Parthapratim Mukhopadhyay
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14457

Abstract

Pesticide poisoning in developing world is a global public health problem. Incidences of poisoning areincreasing with socio-economic hurdles. Often reporting and chemical examination of samples collectedfrom viscera are difficult to precisely diagnose cases and therefore extensive studies on histopathologicalcorroborations of vital organs such as stomach, liver and kidney is necessary along with socio-demographicdata. The common autopsy findings were cyanosis in the lips, in the fingertips and nose. Histologicalfindings in stomach revealed congestion, erosion of muscularis mucosa, submucosal petechial haemorrhagesand necrosis. Liver shows congestion, sinusoidal dilution, degeneration of hepatocytes and haemorrhages.Kidney shows tubular necrosis and glomerular congestion. However, history of poisoning along withautopsy and histological findings are considered as strong evidence for acute organophosphorous poisoning
The Effectiveness of Computational Thinking Based Learning (CTBL) and Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Models on Learning Achievements Reviewed From Brain Dominance Swasti Maharani; Toto Nusantara; Abdur Rahman As’ari; Abd.Qohar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14458

Abstract

This study aimed to determine: (1) which one is more effective between Computational Thinking BasedLearning (CTBL) and Problem Based Learning (PBL) on learning achievement, (2) which one is better,students with left brain dominance or students with right brain dominance, (3) for each brain dominance,which one is better between CTBL and PBL. This study used a quasi-experimental research method witha 2x2 factorial design. The population in this study were all students of class VIII SMPN 1 Bendo in theAcademic Year 2020/2021, totaling 9 classes. The research sample included 45 students (two classes) whowere taken using cluster random sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire on the students’ braindominance and a mathematics learning outcome test. From the results of this analysis, it can be concludedthat CTBL was more effective to implement compared to PBL in odd semester class eight students at SMP1 Bendo Magetan in the Academic Year 2020/2021. There were differences in the results of mathematicslearning achievement in students who were given CTBL and PBL in terms of the brain dominance of oddsemester class eight students at SMPN 1 Bendo Magetan in the Academic Year 2020/2021.

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