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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Colorimetric Determination of Uric Acid in Live samples Abbas Shebeeb Hasan Al-kadumi1, Jwan O. Abdulsattar2, Khitam J. Nabhan3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3057

Abstract

A simple, sensitive and precise colorimetric method for uric acid determination was described. The method based on the complexion reaction between uric acid, potassium ferricyanide, and ferric chloride in hydrochloric acid medium to form blue colored charge transfer complex measured at maximum wavelength 752 nm. The optimum conditions obtained were volume 0.3 ml for hydrochloric acid, 1.25 ml for both potassium ferricyanide and ferric chloride solutions, 60?C and 8 minutes as maximum temperature and time of reaction, the order of mixing additives was uric acid, ferric chloride, potassium ferricyanide, and hydrochloric acid. The highly accurate and precise results obtained with RSD%, Recovery%, Ere%, and D.L were (0.755 to 4.376), (99.676 to 97.831), (-0.033 to -2.169), and 0.1569 µg mL-1 respectively, the calibration graphs were linear in the concentration range of (2.0-200µg ml-1), the . molar absorptivity (5937.473L mol-1 cm-1) The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of uric acid in serum and urine samples for twenty persons.
Control of Risk in the Process Loading / Unloading In. Pelindo Iii Surabaya Achmat Kuncoro1, Endang Dwiyanti1, Abdul Rohim Tualeka1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3058

Abstract

PT. Pelindo III Surabaya is a company engaged in service providers. One of them is loading/unloading services. The results of preliminary observations made at PT. Pelindo III Surabaya shows that container loading/unloading workers do not follow standard operating procedures in the workplace such as not using safety helmets, safety vest, and safety shoes. Neat and dirty workplace conditions can increase potential hazards such as falls and tripping material and damage to the goods. This can threaten the safety and disturb the health of workers loading/unloading containers at PT. Pelindo III Surabaya. This study aims to analyze the risk assessment on loading/unloading work at PT. Pelindo III Surabaya. This research is an observational study with design crossectional. The study population was the workers in the loading/unloading section at PT. PELINDO III Surabaya as many as 20 people. Data that has been obtained from observations and interviews are processed and analyzed descriptively, namely by describing in real terms the object of research and the conditions at the research site. The results of the study show the process of loading/loading PT. PELINDO III Surabaya has 5 types of hazard risks in high-risk categories, 12 types of hazard risk, medium risk categories and 3 types of hazards in low-risk categories. The company is expected to provide and require workers to use body harnesses as additional PPE for workers who are above the container during the process cargo during.
An Investigation into the Effect of Multimedia Training on the Knowledge and Self-Efficacy of Children with Asthma Ahmadreza Zarei1, Afshin Ostovar2, Fatemeh Alhani3, Faezeh Jahanpour4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3059

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases among children is a global health issue and its rising trend has caused concern about the health system. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of multimedia education on the knowledge and self-efficacy of children with asthma in Bushehr. Method: semi-experimental study. The research community included all children under the age of 12 years with asthma. The samples were selected by available method of 50 people and then divided into two experimental and control groups by simple random method. The data collection tools included questionnaires of demographic data, knowledge and self-efficacy in children with asthma. Validity and reliability of the instruments were measured and then multimedia training was run for the experimental group. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 18 and Mann–Whitney U test. Findings: the mean scores of knowledge and self-efficacy of the research samples in the experimental group increased after multimedia training, so there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p <0.001). Conclusion: Education of children with asthma through multimedia has led to increasing knowledge and self-efficacy. Therefore, considering the effectiveness of multimedia education in children training with asthma, it is recommended that this educational method are used for other chronic childhood diseases.
Determination of Safe Level of Benzene Concentration in Mechanics Workshop “X” Tembalang Semarang Aisy Rahmania1, Abdul Rohim Tualeka1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3060

Abstract

Vehicles are used in community in a large number and being repaired in motorbike repair shops. The repaired motorbike at the workshop has the potential to provide benzene exposure to the mechanic, so the mechanic was also at risk of experiencing health problems due to benzene exposure. This study aimed to determine the safe concentration of benzene in Workshop X Tembalang, Semarang. This study was a descriptive research. The population in this study were mechanics at Locations 1 and 2, totally 18 people. The results of this study were quantitatively analyzed to determine the safe concentration of benzene for workers obtained from the benzene concentrations in the workplace, worker height, worker weight, rats weight, worker respiration rate, length of work, worker body surface area, mice body surface area, highest dose of toxin without effect on experimental animals (NOAEL), Km factor in animals (Animal Km), Km factors in workers (Human Km), and safe limit dose for workers (RfC). The measurement of benzene concentration at Location 1 was 0.28 ppm and Location 2 was 0.19 ppm, which means that the benzene concentration was still below the Threshold Value according to Minister of Manpower Regulation Number 13 in 2011 amounting to 0.5 ppm. This research showed that the safe limit value was 0.023 ppm. Based on the minimum risk level, the concentration of benzene everyday that can cause acute effects was 0.009 ppm and that can cause chronic effects was 0.003 ppm. These standards indicate that the concentration of benzene in the workshop has the potential to have a negative impact on the health of workers. Recommendations to workshop owners and mechanics are to periodically monitor benzene levels in the air, use personal protective equipment by all mechanics and if needed the workshop owner can conduct a health check-up for all mechanics.
Andrographolide and its Attributes Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review of the Literature Alhakam A. Aljarrah1, Norliza Nik2, Siti Norasikin M Nafi2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3061

Abstract

Breast Cancer is associated with high incidents and mortality rates and considered to be the second most frequent type of cancer among women worldwide. One of its invasive modalities is the Triple-Negative subtype. Lacking the expression of ER/PR and HER2 contributes to its severity. Current treatment strategies for TNBC diagnosed patients are believed to be hazardous and do not improve the disease-free survival (DFS) neither the overall survival (OS). Thus, scientist and researchers are seeking alternative remedies that have little or no consequences on the patients. Andrographis paniculate with its remarkable active constituent Andrographolide are attracting the world’s attention due to its pharmacological activities against metabolic maladies especially hyperlipidemia, obesity, and diabetes as well as its attribute as an anti-cancer compound. Here, we review the effect of Andrographolide on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Cortisol And Psychological Factors in Etiology of Lichen Planus Alhakam Ibrahim1, Hajer Ibrahem 1, Shakir J. Al-Saedy2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3062

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Lichen planus is a common chronic inflammatory disease of oral mucosa and skin, whose exact pathogenic mechanisms have not been understood. Cortisol, has been used as an indicator in various psychological evaluation studies. Salivary cortisol measurement is an indicator of free cortisol in human serum and provides noninvasive and easy technique. Aims, evaluation of cortisol levels and psycho-immunity profile in lichen planus patients was done. Using case-control method. Materials and Method: 145 participants were admitted which had been done at dermatological outpatient clinic at Al-Yarmook Teaching Hospital. 32 patients were clinically proven cases of LP, 113 subjects along with age and sex-matched healthy controls. DASS Score questionnaire was administered to evaluate the psychiatric status (depression, anxiety and stress), Saliva samples were collected, and analyzed for cortisol level by using ELISA in study group and 46 of control group. The serum test were examined in 32 for each group using enhanced lanthanide fluoroimmunoassay technique for cortisol. Results: The mean serum and Salivary cortisol level of the LP group showed a very highly significant difference (p=0.001) from the controls in multivariate statistic. The mean of DASS scores and the depression derangement specifically showed a very highly significant difference (p=0.001) from the controls. The stress and anxiety derangement showed high difference but it failed to reach to significant difference from the controls. There is an important association between serum and salivary cortisol concentration. Conclusion: the cortisol and psychiatric factors play a vital role in the pathogenesis of LP and saliva cortisol could be a possible indicator instead of serum cortisol
Purification of L-Glutaminase from Bacillus sp. B12 and study its properties Alyaa Abdelhameed1, Rana Alqaysi1, Hiba Ali Hilal2 , and Nada Alharbi 3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3063

Abstract

L-glutaminase is an enzyme that catalyse the conversion L-glutamine to glutamic acid and ammonia. The important application of the L-glutaminase is a chemotherapy agent. In this study a novel strain, Bacillus B12. that isolated from Diyala soil was explored for production of extracellular L-glutaminase. The enzyme has been purified 23.9-fold from cell-free extract with 45.4 recovery ( specific activity 76.6 U/mg protein). Enzyme has molecular weight of 199 kDa, and pH 8 and stable in pH range 6-9.5. Temperature optimum is 40 ?C and completely stable between 25-45 ?C. The kinetics studies revealed that the km and Vmax of purified L-glutaminase were estimated in 0.4mmol/L and 0.133mmol/min, respectively. The result showed that, the enzyme was active when incubated with 10 mM of Mn2+, Mg2+,Ca+2 and Na+. Whereas, K +, Co2+, and Ni2+ show no effect. However, Hg2+, Cu2+,Fe2+ and Zn2+ decreased L-glutaminase activity . The 10mM of DEAE, PMSF, and sodium azide did not show a clear effect against the enzyme activity. Higher decrease in enzyme activity was observed by using Cysteine and 2-Mercaptoethanol ( 30 and 25%, respectively).
The Role of immunohistochemical Expression of monoclonal VE1 antibody in detecting the BRAF gene mutation in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Ammar Eesa Mahdi 1 , Hadeel A. Karbel2 , Sura Salman Ejam 3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3064

Abstract

Purposes of study : to evaluate clinical parameters and histopathological features of Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and its association with BRAF mutation as immunohistochemical markers in Babylon province. Methods: This research is prospective study. The total patients are 42 Manual IHC staining procedure were done. Staining intensity were scored as: 0 ( negative ), 1 (weak diffuse staining in comparing to background staining ), 2 (moderate diffuse staining), and 3 (strong diffuse staining) . IHC scoring was regarding as positive when there was diffuse, homogenous and more than 80% of cytoplasmic staining area of cancer cells. Negative cases when there were absent staining or nuclear staining or weak isolated staining cells. Score 0 and 1 were consider negative and score 2 and 3 were positive. Results: Positive IHC staining of BRAF mutation was presenting more in older age group (65 ±15.23years) , male gender (60%) and left sided colon (60%) but there were insignificant association of these above parameters. Grade 2 and grade 3 of CRC was the highest frequency of positive BRAF cases (40%). Positive IHC staining for BRAF mutation expression is more frequency in T3, N1-2, and M0 stage, and stage III that shows 60%, 80%, 100%, 80% respectively. There were no significant association between BRAF IHC with TMN staging and grading systems. Conclusion: the current study found to be predominant in older age ( > 65 years old) , high grade (G2-3) and high stage (III). Parameters of high grade & stage associated with poor prognosis & high mortality outcome. BRAF gene IHC expression could be consider an independent bad prognostic factor for patients with CRC .
Evaluation the Effects of Zingiber officinale L. as a feed Additive on Growth and Some Serum Biochemical Profiles of Cyprinus carpio L Eqbal Salman Najem1 Sabah Mahmood Hamad Al-Shammari 2 Ali M. Kane3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3065

Abstract

The research was performed to examine the efficacy of Zingiber officinale L. as feed additives on growth performance and biochemical parameters in common carp Cyprinus carpio L. Used (80) fish and divided into 4 groups 10 fish per aquaria, two replicates were maintained for each treatment. Ginger powder mixed directly with basal diet of fish. It was incorporated in the four diets treatments. The control group diet had no ginger additive (C), while the three supplemented diets contained ginger at 1% (T1), 1.5 (T2) and 2 % (T3). After 35 days’ growth was calculated as weight gain, daily weight gain, relative growth ratio, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency percent and protein efficiency ratio with evaluate total proteins, albumin, globulin, cholesterol and triglycerides. The results of present study were weight gain of T2 and T3 groups showed significant difference comparison with the C. Daily weight gain showed significant difference between C, T2 and T3. Relative growth rate there were no significant difference between C and T1 but there was significant difference between T2 and T3. Feed conversion ratio showed no significant difference between control group and T1. Feed efficiency ratio there were no significant difference between T1, T2 and C. Protein efficiency ratio results showed that decrease in T3 and T2 compared to the C. The results of total protein, albumin, and triglycerides did not show any significant difference between treatments compared with the C. Globulin showed increase in T3 compare to C. While the cholesterol showed significant difference in T3 compare with C, T1 and T2. The results of present study propose that ginger feed additives at the concentration 2% for 35 days can be improvement growth and some serum biochemical parameters.
The Infestation Study of Oestrus ovis L. 1761 in Sheep of Al-Amara Region, Maysan Province, South of Iraq Hussain A. Mhouse Alsaady1, Aswan Al-Abboodi2, Ayat Awdaa3, Mohammed Rshak3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3066

Abstract

362 heads of sheep obtained (in multiple visits) from the central slaughterhouse and the sheep abattoir at Al-Amara region (Maysan, South of Iraq) between November 2016 and March 2017 were examined for the detection of Oestrus ovis larvae for the first time in this region. Sheep heads were examined by dissecting them longitudinally, the sheep were of local breed. Of the 362 heads, 296 (81.8%) were infested with O. ovis larvae. O. ovis larvae were observed recorded in both sexes and all age groups in different temperature ranges (low, medium and high) during the research period. A total of 985 larvae were collected. The overall infestation intensity (IN) was 5.443% L/H with a range of 2-8 larvae per infested head of sheep (L/Hs). The infestation of larval in the infested sheep was 54.14% in low- temperature weather, while 100% in relatively high- temperature weather. March showed the highest infection intensity, while January showed the lowest infection intensity. The novelty of the current study is to conduct the research in an area that totally different from what has been studied before in Iraq in regards to the geographical location and the climate conditions.

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