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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Antifungal Activity of Crude and Phenolic Extract to Rice Crusts and Chemical Pesticide (Blitinute) in Inhibition of Fungi Isolate from Rice Seeds Angham Najah Al-khafaji1 Athraa Harjan Muhsin2, Mays Talip Abdallah3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3112

Abstract

Objective: The major goal regarding the presented study is to evaluate the impact of the Rice extract from Rice Crusts and chemical pesticide (Blitinute) on the growth of pathogenic fungi. Method: Rice seed samples were collected directly from farmers field for isolating significant pathogenic fungi related to the seeds. Anti-fungal activity assay of the crude, Phenolic extract and chemical pesticide were determined by agar plating-method against some pathogenic fungi. Result: obtained results showed the effect concentration of rice seed extract on growth of fungi especially phenolic extract had wide spectrum antifungal activity than crude extract. when the use of chemical pesticide (Blitinute) at a concentration of 0.3% with reaching rate of inhibition to 100% to Fusarium graminerum , Penicillium viridicatum, while (88.8) the same concentration for the Aspergillus fumigates. In another than the use Integrations between two extract and chemical pesticide (Blitinute) to high effect against test fungi than one extract and chemical pesticide. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the presence of three pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus , Fusarium graminerium, Penicillium viridicatum) related to the rice grains have been controlled at various concentrations of two extract (crude & phenolic) and chemical pesticide totally inhibited radial growth regarding all test fungi .
Identification of Farnesoid X Receptor as a Novel Nuclear Receptor Sensing for Gallstone Diseases Antesar Rheem Obead1, Maha Fahdil Mohammed2, Mohend AL. Shalah3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3113

Abstract

Objective:-The bile acid-make active nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) acting an significant part in lipid then glucose metabolism, besides furthermore, it controls numerous lipid carriers complicated in stone disposition. We observed whether a useful single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in FXR (82 G>T) predisposed the gallstone development. Material and Method:- The polymorphism were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction monitored by PCR amplicons were commercially sequenced from both (forward and reverse) termini according to education manuals of the sequencing company (Macrogen Inc. Geumchen, Seoul, South Korea)., in two group match by age?20 : patient with gallstone (n=140) and stone-free control (n=140). Result :- For Sequencing of the 195 bp region within the NRIH4 (FXR) gene Within this locus, twenty samples were included in the present study that had shown to amplify the NR1H4 (or FXR) genetic sequences in the chromosome number 12. The latter gene is responsible for encoding on nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4 (NR1H4). The alignment results of the 195 bp samples revealed the presence of one SNP occurred in this position in sample no. 10 within the analyzed twenty samples in comparison with the referring reference DNA sequences The sequencing chromatogram of the observed substitution SNP, as well as its detailed annotations, were documented, and the chromatogram details of the observed SNP were shown according to their positions in the PCR amplicon, in which samples no. 10-20 had shown this (T82G )variation. Conclusion:- the education presented that the variation allele of the communal FXR 82G>T polymorphism was significantly associated with stone formation in Iraq patients. The association is possibly concluded the effect of the FXR 82G >T polymorphism on the expression of the efflux carriers for lipid trails in hepatic.
Comparision between Nonvisualized Finding of 3D-Tof Mrv Cerebral and Cerebral Angiography Result Arif Shidiq1, Anggraini Dwi Sensusiati1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3114

Abstract

Background: Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) is a non-invasive method that evaluates the venous system without exposure to the radiation in the procedure compared to cerebral angiography and CT Venography. Nowadays, the use of MRV cerebral started to increase even though there are still many nonvisualized (not visualized vein image) on MRV led to divergent interpretations or noncompliance to the findings of cerebral angiography, which is the gold standard to evaluate venous system. There has been few research comparing MRV findings with cerebral angiography so far. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the findings of non-visualized on MRV compare to cerebral angiography as the gold standard in helping the interpretation of examinations to avoid misdiagnosis. Methods: Observational retrospective analytic study was used in this study that conducted at Husada Utama Surabaya Hospital from October 2013 to February 2014. 39 out of 49 patients selected as samples for fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The observation on the results of MRV and cerebral angiography procedures performed by two specialists of radiology, then the data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Based on the findings of abnormalities location from 39 samples, we found 35.45% abnormalities in the transverse sinus, 32.91% in the sigmoid sinus, 27.84% in the jugular vein, 2.53% in the straight sinus, and 1.27% in the superior sagittal sinus.The results of comparison between MRV test and cerebral angiography showed compliance at 21% hypoplasia with 88.9% of thrombus. MRV test results with the cause of hypoplasia have100% sensitivity, 67.4% specificity, and 70% accuracy.Meanwhile, we found that 41% sensitivity, 82% specificity, and 50% accuracy because of thrombus. Conclusion: There was significant compliance between 3D-TOF MRV cerebral findings along with cerebral angiography, especially at thrombus.
Investigating the Effect of Short-Term Educational Program on Readiness of Patient’s Candidate for Endoscopy Arsalan Rostami1, Ali Khorshidi2, Ghobad Abangah3, Mosayeb Mozafari4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3115

Abstract

Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is one of the main diagnostic tools for gastrointestinal examination. In this study, we measured the effect pre- procedure education on the readiness of patients for the endoscopy. Method: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 70 patients aged 35-60 years who were candidates for endoscopy from SEP 2018 to MAY 2019. Data were collected by a valid and reliable, 22 items’ questionnaire that developed by the researcher. Data were analyzed by SPSS, version 16. Results: mean score of readiness for endoscopy in the intervention group 105.8 (5.3) was significantly higher than control group 62.6 (7.8), (p<0.001). Also, the level of readiness of the intervention group was 11.4% good and 88.6% very good. The level of readiness of the control group was 91.4% moderate and 8.6% good. Conclusions: Considering the effect of pre- procedure education on the readiness of patients for the endoscopy, it can be inferred that providing educational programs before endoscopy can be helpful.
In silico Analysis of “Interferon Beta 1” In some Selected Animal Species Ashraf Fadhil Jomah1, Sepideh Parvizpour2, Jafar Razmara3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3128

Abstract

Type I interferons (IFNs), are considered as a main host immune system cytokines effector against infectious virus. In addition to ?i?nnat?eim?munerecep?torbac?teriallig?ands and/or bact?erial infections. Furthermore, th?e development o?f kinds I?F?Ns are a?ls?o triggered, suggesting a wider physiological function f?or those cy?tok?inesi?nhom?eostaisi and h?ostprote?ctionth?an initially expected. Results: To recognize both structural divergence and sequence various bioinformatics methods were used. Initial sequence analysis of IFNß1 showed that they shared with human over 70% similarity and some identity like Rhesus monkey, pig , domestic cat ,for dog. With few exceptions, sequences showed a high degree of sequence preservation. The physicochemical analysis indicated a large developmental difference between humans and others and an estimate of 39% to 42% of hydrophobic residues. Four human mammals house mouse pig Norway rat have various Pfam types. The secondary structure of IFNß1 composed of ran?domco?il, Exv?tendedstr?anda?ndAl?phahe?lix. Conclusions: Depending o?nth?eres?ults collected, which maybe assumed th?at in these mammalian species IFNß1 has the same counterpart, highly retained and functional similarities.
Rapid Qualitative Test for Drunkenness Detection and the Presence of Alcohol in Beverages Ausama Abbas Faisal1, Maher Ahmed Abed2, Khalid Jamal Abdulwahab3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3129

Abstract

In many situations like car accidents, troubles and crime scenes we need to know if someone is drunk. This research includes rapid test to detect the alcohol drinking for those that not exhibit any signs of drunk like ataxia and vomiting, and to detect the beverage containing alcohols. The study included 30 volunteers of alcoholics and five types of beverages (Whisky, vodka, beer, wine and barbican). The sampling includes random quantity of sputum and 2 ml of blood from the volunteers. The sputum and beverages are examined by qualitative method depending on the change of dichromate solution color which is saturated and dried up on a filter paper piece in polyethylene container ready for use. If the color changes from yellow to blue-green this means that the sample contains alcohol and the result is positive, and if the color of dichromate dose not changed the result is negative and the sample dose not contains alcohol. The blood samples were examined by the measuring of GGT enzyme to confirm alcohol drinking. All of the sputum samples showed positive results by changing the color of dichromate. All of the beverages except barbican showed positive results this means that these beverages contain alcohol while barbican not. The values of GGT for volunteers were higher than the normal values which confirm the test of sputum.
Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Surgical Site Infections at Baghdad Cardiac Centers and Hospitals Bassima A. Naji Msc1, Aqeel H. jasim2, Ayad M. Moussa3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3130

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs), are defined as infections that occur within 30 days of the operation, Nosocomial infection, also called hospital acquired infection occur in patient who are admitted in Hospital for a long or short period of time which leading to cause of morbidity and death, therefore, we decided to establish the extent of knowledge of Surgical site infections Prevention among nurses at Baghdad Cardiac Centers and Hospitals. Objectives: the study aimed to assess the nurse’s knowledge regarding prevention of surgical site infections and to find out the relationship between Nurses’ Knowledge and some of demographic data (age, gender, level of education, years of experiences, and training session). Methods: Across- sectional study was conducted in the period of December 16th, 2018 up to the end of 18th June, 2019. A purposive sample consisted of (50) nurses were selected out of two cardiac centers and one cardiac hospital in Baghdad city. The data collected was analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0 the study instrument consist of two major sections were constructed it is based on the review of literatures. First one is concerned with demographic data for sample, and the second section is knowledge, The extent of knowledge concerning SSI was determined using multiple-choice questionnaires covering the nurse’s knowledge, Question tools is composed of (23) items, reliability and validity of the questionnaire was determined through the analysis of pilot study. Data were collected through the use of self-report method, which analyzed through two statistical approaches. They are descriptive statistical analysis (frequencies, percentage) and inferential statistical analysis (Chi-Square). Results: the findings of study reveals the study sample reveals that most of the sample (78%) were in age group (25-35) years and most them (52%) were female, the majority of the sample (68%) were married and most of them (42%) were nursing college graduate, the high percent (90%) of them having participation in training session, the majority of their nursing experience in general were (42%) from (1-5) years and most of them (66%) have experience in cardiac care unit from (1-5) years. Conclusions: most of the study sample has moderate knowledge regarding prevention of surgical site infection in Baghdad cardiac centers and hospitals. Recommendation: on the basis of the results of the study the researcher recommends that further research needed with large sample, to find out more result relationships and in different area. And special training programs should be designed and constructed for nurses in these areas to increase their skills.
Molecular Docking, Pharmacokinetics, and Toxicity Prediction of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) on IKK Receptor in Photoaging Prevention Damayanti1,2, Cita Rosita Sigit Prsakoeswa2, Djoko Agus Purwanto3, Anang Endaryanto4, Siswandono3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3131

Abstract

Photoaging is skin aging, caused by chronic exposure of ultraviolet radiation. Photoaging decreases patients’ quality of life because the skin was the outer organ seen by others. Ultraviolet radiation causes oxidative stress, that activated inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK), increased nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and degradation of collagen. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was the main green tea polyphenol and the main source of biologic activity of green tea. This study was an in silico study, aimed to obtain the effectiveness of EGCG component through molecular docking on IKK receptor (PDB ID: 5EBZ). The bioinformatics tools based on reverse docking used in this study, were Protein Data Bank, ChemDraw, Chem3D, and Molegro Virtual Docker software. Docking and binding site analysis showed, that EGCG was able to interact with IKK receptor. Rerank score of interaction between EGCG and IKK receptor was higher than that of arbutin and 5TL_701[A]. It showed that EGCG has higher potential in photoaging prevention than arbutin, as one of the agents in photoaging prevention. Pharmacokinetics and toxicity (ADMET) prediction in this in silico study were conducted using pkCSM On Line tool. The pkCSM results showed EGCG was predicted having good pharmacokinetics profile without toxicity effect.
Correlation between High Serum Uric Acid Levels with Occurrence of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mudjiani Basuki1, Muhammad Hamdan1, Fidiana1, Fadil1, Deasy Putri Sukarno1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3132

Abstract

Background: Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy is a chronic microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to increased risk of foot ulceration and morbidity.The increased serum uric acid (SUA) levels have been linked to macro vascular disease in T2DM. We found that the correlation between SUA levels and diabetic peripheral neuropathy has not been investigated. Objective: To determine the correlation between high serum uric acid levels and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Method: The case-control design was used in this study and the sampling was done consecutively by following the inclusion and the exclusion criteria. The diabetic peripheral neuropathy was evaluated using EMNG and the serum were taken for uric acid levels examination. Chi square test was used for data analysis. Results: Thirty subjects were enrolled and divided into an experimental group of 15 subjects and a control group of 15 subjects as well. We found that the diabetic peripheral neuropathy did not show a significant correlation with high serum uric acid levels, p=0,136 and OR 3,143 (CI 95% 0,681-14,503). Conclusion: High serum uric acid levels did not have correlation with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Nephrotoxicity Effects of Post-Cisplatin Paclitaxel Chemotherapy in Severe Head and Neck Tumor Des Dwiputra Effendy1, Soeprijadi1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3133

Abstract

Background: Cisplatin-paclitaxel is a combination of chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of head and neck malignancy. The main side effect of cisplatin is nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity manifests in decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine serum, and decreased magnesium and potassium serum. Objective: this study aimed to determine the nephrotoxicity effects of post cisplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy in patients with malignant head and neck tumors. Method: Patients with malignant head and neck tumor who received cisplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy were taken consecutively and examined their GFR, BUN, creatinine, magnesium and potassium pre- and post-chemotherapy. The data were statistically analyzed whether nephrotoxicity happened post cisplatinpaclitaxel chemotherapy. Result: Thirty five samples consisted of 24 men and 11 women. The diagnose were 25 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (71.42%), 3 of each sinonasal carcinoma and laryngeal carcinoma (8.57%), and 1 of each tongue carcinoma, parotid carcinoma, tonsillar carcinoma and MAE carcinoma (2.86%). The average of prechemotherapy GFR was 94.43±17.44 ml/min, average of post-chemotherapy GFR was 68.17±17.96. Mostly found decreased mild kidney function in 24 (68.57%) post chemotherapy patients. Conclusion: There was a nephrotoxicity effects after cisplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy treatment in patients with head and neck malignant tumors treated

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