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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 57   58   59   60   61 
The effectiveness of Aqueous Extract of Grape Seeds Vitis vinifera as an antibiotic for some microorganisms and its Protective Role Histology for Liver, Kidney in Mice Osama Nadhom Nijris1, Zinah Ibrahim Khaleel1, Swiss Yonis Hamady1, Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3206

Abstract

1- Among the common disease treatments and long-term use of plant extract in the treatment of bacterial infections, This research used black grape seed extract to observe its effect on some Gram negative and positive bacteria like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabillis obtained from patients with urinary tract infection Using four specific extract concentrations (100 mm / L, 75 mm / L, 50 mm / L, 25 mm / L) to test the effect of black grape plant extract. The results showed that E. coli was the most resistant bacterial species to plant extract and so on with other gram negative bacterial species. In the minimum inhibition concentration test for the plant extract, showed that the highest concentration 100 mm / L had the good inhibitory activity for Staph. aureus and less than other strains specially for Kleb. pneumoniae and Pro. mirabillis while the 25mm / L concentration had the lowest acitivity against all. 2- This study used 10-day oral methionine and 30-day grape extract treatment for 16 white mice to study the histopathological effects in the liver, kidney and heart tissues, And the results showed a very good organ tissue improvement for all treated groups compared to the control group.
Comparison of Stability And Sternum Healing Rate in Clinical and Ultrasonography (USG) between Stainless Steel Wire and Polydioxanone Yarn in Children Heart Surgery Operation Prima Kharisma Hayuningrat1, Heroe Soebroto1, Paulus Rahardjo2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3207

Abstract

Background: The closing of the sternum bone is often used today by using stainless steel wire material and Polydioxanone yarn continuous suture. To objectives to be achieved for sternal healing after heart surgery without complications resulting from the failure of sternal healing. The bone healing process itself is influenced by mechanical stress and movement. Objectives: To compare the effects of sternum closure techniques on surgical patients The heart of the child uses Polydioxanone and Stainless Steel Wire threads against clinical stability and rate of healing which are evaluated clinically and Ultrasonography. Methods: Performed sternal closure of pediatric patients after cardiac surgery with sternal wire (n = 8) and PDS (n = 8). Performed sternal pain and stability evaluation with the physical examination. Further sternum ultrasonographyund was performed to assess displacement, gap and callus picture. Evaluations were performed at weeks 6, 9 and 12 postoperatively. Results: Week 6 and 9 degrees of pain were higher in sternal wire compared with polydioxanone (p = 0.03 and p = 0.01). The 12th week of sternal wire and polydioxanone did not find any difference in pain (p = 1,000). Week 6, 9 and 12 there was no clinical stability difference between wire and PDS (p = 0.143, p = 0.264, p = 0.063). 9th, 9th and 12th Sternum ultrasonography of examination appears to be displacement in polydioxanone (p = 0.025, p = 0.009, p = 0.009). The gap increased significantly from 6th to 9th weeks in the polydioxanone group, while the addition at week 9 to 12 was statistically insignificant but it appears that polydioxanone had a wider gap addition range than the sternal wire. Week 9 and 12 callus were seen more often in sternal wire patients but not significant (P = 0.602, p = 0.333) Conclusion: Clinically, sternal steal wire stability is proportional to polydioxanone. Radiologically, the stability of sternal wire is better than polydioxanone. The rate of sternal cure in polydioxanone is proportional to the sternal wire.
Discrimination the Gender in the Criminal Evidence at Crime Scene Qutaiba S. H. AL-Ameedy1, Noor Salman Kadhim Al-Khafaji2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3208

Abstract

Background: An ideal method for gender identification would be accurate, simple, and cheap,enabling its use in most laboratories. In addition, it should also be able as much as possible to be used for all animals as well as tissues and/or cells. For chromosomal analysis, we need viable cells that are able to divide, and if this is not possible, these methods cannot be used. On the other hand, genetic methods are reliable and do not need living cells, and it is easy to obtain DNA for these studies even in very ancient and nonviable tissues. These methods are therefore the most accepted ones The current study aimed to Determine the gender of a given DNA samples by designed vaulable specific-PCR tool. Methodology: Thirty eight ( ninteen from each male and female) human blood samples were collected using EDTA-Na2 tubes for direct DNA extraction after taken the agreement of the volunteers to give the blood sample . via expert .The blood sample mixed well by rotation of EDTA tube. two sets of species specific primer pairs targeting Homo sapiens (AMLE X and AMLE Y) genes. were designed and checked. PCR and sequencing were performed and sequences were analyzed and register in GenBank. Results: the results revealed that, the amplicon of AMLE X gene of Homo sapiens were 1164bp and AMLE Y were 744bp Conclusion: The current study conclude that, validity and accuracy of designed 12S rRNA species specific primer pairs for human and nonhuman animal blood typing as a forensic tool and there is no intraspecies cross amplification.
Effect of Workload and Breastfeeding Motivation of Working Mothers Rachma Anisa Ulya1, Retnayu Pradanie1, Aria Aulia Nastiti1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3209

Abstract

Background : The practice of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia still falls short of expectations due to working mothers’ struggle with managing both working outside and household chores. This workload results in mothers experiencing physical and emotional exhaustion and impacts on their motivation to practice exclusive breastfeeding, hence exclusive breastfeeding failure. Objective: To shed light on the relationship between workload and exclusive breastfeeding motivation of working mothers in the working area of the Public Health Center of Bergas District, Semarang Regency. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of working mothers in the working area of the Public Health Center of Bergas District, Semarang Regency, with babies aged 0–6 months. The sample of 32 respondents was recruited by purposive sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed by Spearman’s rho analysis. The instruments employed in this research were the modified versions of questionnaires from existing literature. Results : The workload of nearly all of the sample (31 respondents, 96.8%) was categorized into Level 2. Besides, the vast majority of the breastfeeding, working mothers in Bergas District (30 people, 93.7%) had strong exclusive breastfeeding motivation. Last but hardly the least, a ?-value of 0.801 (> 0.05) was obtained, suggesting no relationship between workload and exclusive breastfeeding motivation. Conclusion : Workload bore no association with the exclusive breastfeeding motivation of working mothers. Despite the high workload, if the reinforcement system was high, individual motivation would generally remain high.
Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Nurses- midwives’ Practices about Pain Management during Labor in Baghdad Maternity Hospitals Rajaa Tareq Hasan1, Rabea Mohsen Ali2, Ekhlas A. Hussein3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3210

Abstract

Objectives: To assess nurses-midwives’ practices about pain management during labor before and after implementation of educational program. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design has been conducted during the period of (27th February 2019 through 2nd June 2019) on non-probability sample (purposive) consists of (44 Nurses/midwives’) who are work in delivery room, the sample was exposed to pretest, educational program, posttest. The study was conducted in the Baghdad Maternity Hospitals. Questionnaire has been used as a tool of data collection. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis approach through the use of (SSPS) version 22.0 and Excel system. Results: All observations (three observations) in posttest period in the items (changing position, deep breathing, and religious and spiritual idea) appear high and moderate mean scores and relative sufficiency in the three observations after the implementation of education program for nurses- midwives’ regarding to the management taken by the midwife to reducing labor pain of pregnant women in delivery room. While other management not implemented by the nurses- midwives’ due to the lack in the resources or supplementation in delivery rooms, or due to the routine of the hospitals. Conclusions: The study concluded that the educational program can be considered as an effective mean for improvement of the nurses-midwives’ practices about the importance pain management. Recommendations: The study recommended to training primary health care nurses in improved pain management is important part of multi-faced approach towards improving and helping women’s to reduce pain during labor.
3D CBCT Analysis of Odontometric Variables for Gender Dimorphism in Saudi Arabian Subpopulation Rakhi Issrani1, Azhar Iqbal2 , Mohammad Khursheed Alam3, Namdeo Prabhu4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3211

Abstract

Background: For assessing the sex of unidentified or skeletonized individuals, the tooth crown diameters are a good and reliable source amongst the other clinical markers. Aim and Objectives: To check the accuracy and reliability of Mandibular Canine Index (MCI) in sex determination among Saudi subpopulation using 3D Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) images. An additional objective is to establish the norm of Standard MCI. Methodology: A total of 400 CBCT images were studied for the measurements of mesio-distal width (MDW) and inter-canine distance (ICD) of mandibular canines. Then, the observed and Standard MCI were calculated that was statistically determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Left canine showed greater sexual dimorphism. The Standard MCI was calculated as 0.239 (right mandibular canine) and 0.241 (left mandibular canine). The ability to determine gender correctly using Standard MCI (right mandibular canine) method was estimated to be 49% among males and 46.5% among females. The accuracy of the method, when applied to the combined data, was 47.8%. Conclusion: MCI and the variables that allow MCI quantification were shown to distinguish the groups, in terms of average, suggesting the possibility that canine-related measurements may be used for sex discrimination.
Violation of Dapek Salah Customary Law in Bengkulu: Forensic Psychological Analysis Toward The Criminal Behavior of Indigenous Rangga Jayanuarto1 , Khudzaifah Dimyati2, Absori Absori2, Natangsa Surbakti2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3212

Abstract

Introduction: Every law is a system which means law bases on the unity of the mind. Customary law is understood as a law that lives in a “living law” society, legal values and a sense of justice that lives in society. All takes place after the values lived by the society under the filter of legal ideals and moral ideals prevailing in the society concerned. Without the law as an effective social control, humans potentially can lead to behavior that can bring destruction to humans. In Bengkulu, the law that lives in the community is known as the law of adat dapek salah. Violation of the law can be acts of a person or group of people who disturb the balance in the indigenous peoples. The violation of the law is an act of deviant behavior that is negative in which each culprit will be charged with various kinds of traditional sanctions. The research of forensic psychology analysis is needed to see the behavior of customary criminal crime in violation of customary law. The assessment is carried out to provide an overview of the mental state of the offender. This is in line with forensic psychology as the study of subjects in terms of cognitive, effective and behavior in relation to the legal process. Material and Method: This research is a qualitative research which produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words from people and observed behavior. Qualitative research is also called naturalistic research. This study departs from naturalistic inquiry whose findings are not found from statistical calculations. Findings: Customary law of Dapek Salah in Bengkulu as a social model directs to accommodate the entire social system which includes the function of norm system. The function of norm system is to correct behavior that deviates from the relevant rules (violations). These rules are the framework of human behavior orientation (members of the social system). Norms are also often referred to as rules of conduct and blueprints for behavior in a society. This can also lead to anti-social behavior or asocial behavior which could be a factor causing criminal behavior. Criminal behavior toward the Dapek Salah law is an act that causes adverse reactions and corrections and the balance of the community. In the study of forensic psychology analysis, criminal behavior on the law depends on the perception of the respective actors. Aspects of perception consist of cognitive aspects (thoughts), affective aspects (feelings), and aspects of conation (behavior). Individual perceptions can influence and motivate subsequent behavior, if the object of perception is judged unpleasant then the behavior is negative. Conclusion: Violation of the Dapek Salah is a phenomenon, a person or group of people who violate customary law (criminal behavior) so as disturbing the balance in indigenous peoples’ value. In the forensic psychological analysis, criminal behavior of the law depends on the perception of the respective actors. Aspects of perception consist of cognitive aspects (thoughts), affective aspects (feelings), and aspects of conation (behavior). Individual perceptions can influence and motivate subsequent behavior, if the object of perception is judged unpleasant then the behavior is negative. In the basic concept of psychology, there is something wrong with the minds of the perpetrators so that they are involved in criminal behavior. Imbalance relationship between Id, Ego and Superego makes humans weak and consequently more likely to commit deviant behavior or criminal behavior.
The Effect of Marmet Technique on Mother’s Satisfaction in Breastfeeding Rani Dwi Sulistiawati1, Tiyas Kusumaningrum1, Retnayu Pradanie1, Ni Ketut Alit Armini1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3213

Abstract

Background: The Marmet technique is a safe way to stimulate the breast to produce more milk. The administration of Marmet techniques to mothers who produced little to no amount of breast milk showed good results. Palms and fingers are recommended for breast milk milking due to them being practical, effective and efficient. Purpose: To determine the effect of Marmet technique on maternal satisfaction in breastfeeding. Method: This research applied quasi experiment design. There were 40 respondents, each consisting of a treatment group and a control group that met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheet. The data were then analyzed using Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon’s Test (? <0.05). Results: Statistical test results ofWilcoxon Signed Rank Test in the treatment group with the value of sig (2-tailed) obtained p = 0.000 in which p <0.05 indicates that there is a significant effect of Marmet technique on maternal satisfaction in breastfeeding. However, the control group obtained p = 0.083 in which p> ?>0.05, meaning that there is no significant effect of Marmet technique on maternal satisfaction in breastfeeding. Conclusion: The satisfaction of the mother in breastfeeding has increased after being intervened with Marmet technique.
The Increase Level of Muscle Adductor in Idiopathic Vocal Cord Adductor Paralysis Post Biofeedback Vocal Therapy Rani Maharyati1, Irwan Kristyono1, Muhtarum Yusuf1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3214

Abstract

Background: The Idiopathic Vocal Cord Adductor Paralysis (KAKVI) is the inability of muscle that moves the vocalist notochord to medial in phonation time with the idiopathic. This condition might has impact to the emerge of hoarse voice and other lamentations which are related to the voice production. The conventional voice therapy still show the number of the recovery of low dysphonia. Method: The diagnosis of KAKVI is based on the anamnesis, physical check up, thorax photograph and laryngoscopy fiberoptic and is conducted the measurement of vocalist cord adductor muscular construction strength before the BF voice therapy with equipments. Then, the BF voice therapy is conducted twice a week for four weeks. The voice exercise is continued in home once a day by patients themselves. The measurement of the strength of vocalist cord adductor muscle contraction is conducted after the BF voice therapy. Results: The result of the study revealed that there were KAKVI. The result of adductor muscular contraction strength with statistic examination in a short test is p = 0,044. . The result of statistic examination of long a is p=0,000. . The result of statistic test of count test is p=0,000. Therefore, the change of adductor muscular contraction strength on KAKVI after the BF voice therapy is found a significant increase (p < 0,05). Conclusion: This study revealed that there are an increase of adductor muscular contraction strength in KAKVI after the BF voice therapy.
Periodontal Evaluation of One-Piece and Two-Piece Single Implant Loaded in Esthetic Zone Rezan Anwar1, Ziwar Al Qasab2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3215

Abstract

Background: Soft tissue around dental implant is an important anatomical feature contributing to the long-term implant success and esthetics, different factors may influence the soft tissue-implant interface. The purposes of the current study were to evaluate the soft tissue profile around one-piece and two-piece implants loaded in esthetic zone. Method: Totally thirty patients who had single missing tooth in premaxillary region were included in the study. Fifteenth patients’ group-A were assigned to immediate loading one-piece implant and fifteen patients’ group-B were assigned to early loading two-piece implant protocol. Flapless approach was performed for both groups. In group-A, implants were loaded immediately with a temporary crown within 48h, while group-B, were loaded after two months following conventional impression for metal ceramic crown. Clinical outcomes were evaluated after two and six months in terms of success rate, papillary index, plaque index and width of keratinized mucosa. Results: The success rate in group-A found to be 80%, which was lower than the success rate in group-B (100%). On comparison, there was no statistically significant difference in success rate between the two study groups. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups over time in clinical parameters like plaque index, width of keratinized gingiva and papillary index. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that using either immediately loading one-piece implants or early loaded two-piece implants protocol demonstrated the same enhancements of implant esthetics

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