JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE
Journal of Language (JoL) is an open access and a peer reviewed scientific journal covering research reports in linguistics, literature or language teaching, and critical evaluations of books on the related areas published by Faculty of Literature, Islamic University of North Sumatra (UISU), Medan, Indonesia. The main objective of JoL is to provide a platform for scholars, academicians and researchers to share the contemporary thoughts mainly in the fields of language, literature, and language teaching. This journal is published twice a year in May and November.
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<![CDATA[NUMERAL TO NUMERAL OF BALMIKI AND KUPIA: A MORPHOLOGICAL COMPARISON ]]>
<![CDATA[Biswanandan Dash]]>;
<![CDATA[Subrat Kalyan Pattanayak]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7707
<![CDATA[Numeral systems are the major counting methods found across languages. They are characterised by unique morphosyntactic structures to show numericity. The efficiency of communicating numbers is related to the morphological construction of numerals. These are also valuable sources for genetic classification. Besides, they play a vital role in establishing the antiquity of a cognate language. Peculiarly, the numeral systems of languages are the most vulnerable to elimination due to major or dominant languages. The quest in this article is to analyse the numeral morphology of Balmiki, a lesser-known language spoken in Odisha, and compare it with that of Kupia, a language spoken in Andhra Pradesh by the B/Valmiki community, to determine if their numeral structures are concealed or influenced by their encroaching languages. This study further contests a louder outbreak created during 2016-18 to ‘discover the Walmiki language’ by analysing a few unreliable numeral examples. In a series, this is the second study that compares and propounds conclusively to the fact that how these duo languages shed light on shared characteristics of numerals inherited or descended in other Indo-Aryan traditions from an etymological ancestor.]]>
<![CDATA[PERSONALITY IN MICHAEL PUNKE’S NOVEL THE REVENANT: A NOVEL OF REVENGE ]]>
<![CDATA[Syahruddin Said]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Chairani]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Manugeren]]>;
<![CDATA[Purwarno Purwarno]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7853
<![CDATA[This study is the result of a library research which is qualitative in nature on the bravery and strength of the protagonist named Hugh Glass depicted in Michael Punke’s The Revenant; overall exposing the social phenomena tied to personality. Concepts about the protagonist and personality covering bravery and strength are highlighted to support the analysis. The research findings show that the protagonist’s bravery and strength are found in the novel and have helped him much to survive in the wild woods when he is abandoned by his two friends named Fitzgerald and Bridger, who prove themselves to be unreliable. Fitzgerald and Bridger not only abandon him but also rob all his belongings that he needs to survive in the wild woods. In his serious wounds and state of dying added with no rifle, hatchet, knife and flint and steel, Glass eventually overcomes the obstacles in the wild woods, and survive to materialize his ambitions.]]>
<![CDATA[CULTURAL IDENTITY IN YU HUA’S NOVEL TO LIVE ]]>
<![CDATA[Hidayati Hidayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Misla Geubrina]]>;
<![CDATA[Mayasari Mayasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Kiki Wardana]]>;
<![CDATA[zuindra zuindra]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.8246
<![CDATA[Every ethnic group has its own cultural identity and is used as a reference to distinguish between one ethnic group and another. Understanding cultural identity is important to avoid cultural conflicts so that all ethnic groups within a unitary society can live side by side in harmony. The core discussion in this research is related to Chinese cultural identity based on the novel To Live written by Yu Hua with two points of discussion, kinship system and marriage system, conducted by means of a qualitative descriptive method to obtain data related to social phenomena with the results of the analysis in the form of description. Concepts and theories relating to cultural identity, Chinese cultural identity, kinship and marriage systems are implemented to support the overall research. The results of the analysis show that wherever Chinese ethnic groups are located, they try to maintain their cultural traditions. In Chinese culture, kinship includes all members of the extended family and the essence of a marriage is the union of two extended families; both have values that must be used as guidelines based on the teachings of Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism; the value of maintaining and preserving harmonization and norms to bind each individual to remain in the corridor of cultural tradition heritage.]]>
<![CDATA[SPEECH ACTS IN THE WEDDING OF BATAK TOBA ETHNIC AT JANGGA TORUAN VILLAGE, KECAMATAN LUMBAN JULU KABUPATEN TOBA SAMOSIR ]]>
<![CDATA[Linarti Manurung]]>;
<![CDATA[Saiful Anwar Matondang]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Ali Pawiro]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7901
<![CDATA[The marriage of the Batak Toba community is closely related to the role of Dalihan Na Tolu, something that cannot be separated from Batak Toba customs because Dalihan Na Tolu is a symbol of the social system of the Batak Toba people, which has three pillars consisting of Hula-hula, Dongantubu, and Boru. The function of Dalihan Na Tolu, besides assisting the respective relatives, also plays a role in providing the materials for carrying out traditional Batak Toba weddings. The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of speech acts in the wedding of the Batak Toba indigenous people and also to describe the types of speech acts in the Batak Toba wedding. In this case, the theory of speech acts is taken from Austin, which is then developed by Searle. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method supported by data analysis techniques based on the information given by the community leaders in the village of Janggatoruan, Kecamatam, Lumban, Julu, Kabupaten, and Toba Samosir. The findings of this study are of four speech acts in the wedding: 1) representative speech acts; 2) expressive speech acts; 3) directive speech acts; and 4) declarative speech acts.]]>
<![CDATA[INJUSTICE IN EKA KURNIWAN’S NOVEL BEAUTY IS A WOUND ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatmaliza Harahap]]>;
<![CDATA[Asnani Asnani]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.8038
<![CDATA[This study entitled Injustice in Eka Kurniawan’s Novel Beauty is a Wound focuses on the injustice experienced by some women, Dewi Ayu and her four daughters. The main purpose of this study is to determine the types of injustice experienced by some women. In analyzing the novel Beauty is a Wound, descriptive research method was used to identify, classify and analyze the data. The collected data are divided into two categories: primary data and secondary data. The primary data is the novel Beauty is a Wound (2002) itself. The secondary data are some books and literatures related to the analysis such as from books or journals of injustice issues, from the internet and other relevant information to the analysis. The data are collected through library research. The result of the study shows that there are three types of injustice found in the novel. They are discrimination, subordination and violence.]]>
<![CDATA[THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY AND THEIR DESCRIPTIVE READING COMPREHENSION ]]>
<![CDATA[Lylys Anita Sarena]]>;
<![CDATA[Wan Anayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Andang Suhendi]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7903
<![CDATA[The study investigates the correlation between students’ vocabulary mastery and their reading comprehension. Reading Comprehension is the ability to read, process it and understand its meaning. It relies on two, interconnected abilities: word reading, being able to decode the symbols on the page and language comprehension, being able to understand the meaning of the words and sentences); meanwhile comprehension is achieved when the reader successfully extracts the useful knowledge from a text and constructs it into a new understandings of their own. The data were collected from 30 tenth grade students. The test items of vocabulary mastery and reading comprehension were given to the students to measure their level of vocabulary mastery and reading comprehension. The results were compared to find out the correlation between those variables. The results show that there was strong correlation between students’ vocabulary mastery and their reading comprehension. The current study concludes that students’ experiences and reading strategies help the students understand text, but vocabulary was more contributive in helping the students to comprehend the texts.]]>
<![CDATA[CONFLICT IN KEVIN KWAN'S NOVEL CRAZY RICH ASIANS ]]>
<![CDATA[Setiawati Anggraini]]>;
<![CDATA[Asnani Asnani]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7981
<![CDATA[The study aims to describe the kinds of conflict and also the factors causing conflict in Kevin Kwan's novel Crazy Rich Asians. It only focuses on kinds of conflict and factors causing conflict in selected characters of the novel. This study used a qualitative method. The data were analyzed descriptively. The data in this study were collected from the novel Crazy Rich Asians by Kevin Kwan. The data were taken by reading and marking words and phrases from the novel, which are related to the study. The data were analyzed from the novel based on the theory and statement of the problem to be analyzed. The results of the analysis obtained from this study have two conclusions. First, the types of conflicts in the novel Crazy Rich Asians, namely internal and external conflict are found in several characters in the novel. Second, the factors that may cause conflict in the novel Crazy Rich Asians are causative factors. These factors are differences between individuals, cultural differences, and differences in interests. The results of this study are expected to provide benefits, understanding, and knowledge in analyzing conflict in a literary work in the form of a novel. The results of this study are also expected to be used as a reference for further research.]]>
<![CDATA[COURAGE IN R. J. PALACIO’S NOVEL WONDER ]]>
<![CDATA[Tita Assyifa]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Fatih Suhadi]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7400
<![CDATA[This research is entitled Courage in R. J. Palacio's Novel Wonder. This study focuses on the types of courage and the factors behind the courageous actions taken by August Pullman as a protagonist in the novel. It examines what actions are considered courageous actions and what factors affect the courageous actions. This study used the qualitative method as the research method because the data is not numerical. The type of data in the study is the text from two data sources, i.e., primary data and secondary data. The primary data source is the novel, and the secondary data source is the related information. The aim of this study is to find out what types of courage are given by the protagonist and what factors cause him to be courageous in the novel. The writers used Dungate’s theory of the six types of courage to classify the types. The study also applied the study conducted by Rate et al. in implicit theories of courage to classify the factors of courageous actions. The result of the study shows that first, the types of courage found in the protagonist are physical courage, social courage, intellectual courage, and emotional courage; second, the factors that can be found in the protagonist are external circumstances, affective, and motivational factors.]]>
<![CDATA[STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN USING CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ]]>
<![CDATA[Syafrizal Azzali]]>;
<![CDATA[Jumino Suhadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Purwarno Purwarno]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7587
<![CDATA[This research was aimed at describing the students’ ability using conditional sentences and to investigate the dominant type of conditional sentences mastered by the eleventh-grade students using conditional sentences (type I, II, and III) at SMAS Istiqlal Delitua Academic Year 2022/2023. The design of this research was descriptive quantitative research and the instrument used in this research was an objective test or multiple choices. The population of this research was 210 students. Then, the researchers used a simple random sampling technique to take the sample and chose 30 students. The researchers found out: first, the mean score of students’ ability in using conditional sentences was 77.86; it was categorized as a “good” level; second, the dominant type of students’ ability in using conditional sentences was “type I” with a mean score of 0.88 or 38%. It means the process of teaching and learning English, more specifically, in Conditional Sentences, at SMAS Istiqlal Delitua Academic Year 2022/2023 has reached the standard.]]>
<![CDATA[STRUGGLE IN TERE LIYE’S NOVEL ABOUT YOU ]]>
<![CDATA[Evi Oktaviani]]>;
<![CDATA[Susi Ekalestari]]>
<![CDATA[ JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 2: November 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i2.7879
<![CDATA[This study aims to reveal the protagonist’s struggle and describe how the protagonist struggles to survive in Tere Liye's novel About You. Maizler's theory was applied as the main theory and Ahmadi’s theory as the sub-theory. Therefore, the analysis of this study concerns the kinds of struggle: positive struggle, negative struggle, inevitable struggle, and chosen struggle. It also discusses the factors of struggle. They are will, sympathy, encouragement, and desire. The novel About You talks about the story of a woman named Sri Ningsih who faces many struggles in her life. This research adopts a qualitative design in which the data, the analysis, and the findings are presented in the form of a description. The result shows that three kinds of struggle are experienced by the protagonist. She carries out positive struggle, inevitable struggle, and chosen struggle. Furthermore, four factors of struggle are experienced by the protagonist. The factors are will, sympathy, encouragement, and desire.]]>
