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INDONESIA
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development
ISSN : 27221164     EISSN : 27221156     DOI : https://doi.org/10.46336/ijbesd
International Journal of Business, Economics and Social Development (IJBESD) is published 4 (four) times a year and is the flagship journal of the Research Collaboration Community (RCC). It is the aim of IJBESD to present papers which cover the theory, practice, history or methodology of Business, Economics and Social Development. However, since Business, Economics and Social Development are primarily an applied science, it is a major objective of the journal to attract and publish accounts of good, practical case studies. Consequently, papers illustrating applications of Business, Economics and Social Development to real problems are especially welcome. GENERAL BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT e-Business International Business Business Strategy Marketing Supply Chain Management Organization Studies Entrepreneurship and Business Development Enterprise Innovation Human Resource Management Business Ethics Business Economics Business Communication Business Finance International Business and Marketing Organizational Development and Challenges Leadership and Corporate Governance Tourism Operations Management Human Resources Economics Regional Economics Industrial Economics Financial Economics Labor Economics Law and Economics Regulatory Economics Economic Growth and Development Policy Technological Change, Innovation Research and Development Economic Systems GENERAL ECONOMICS Economic Methodology Schools of Economics Production and Organizations Market Structure and Pricing Welfare Economics Public Finance & Public Choice Prices, Business Fluctuations Economic Policy International Finance International Economics Institutional & Corporate Finance Accounting Insurance and Risk Management Monetary Banking Marketing Management Issues Innovation and Change Management Banking and Finance Natural Resource Economics Microeconomics Economics in Development and Sustainability Issues Comparative Economic Systems Stock Exchange Business Economics Capital Market Macroeconomics Economics Theory and Policy Issues Energy Economics and Policy Monetary Economics Public Economics Other areas of Economics COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Social Work Health and Sport Sciences Human Development Quality of Life Psychology Communication Public Administration Leadership Style Sociology Anthropology Religious Studies Civilizations Social Innovation Other areas of Social Studies and Art & Humanities Political Science Public Policy Political Psychology Protection of Children and Women Political Party System Education Social Sciences Education Science Education Pre-School Education Measurement and Evaluation Talent Development Education Management Education technology Street Children Education Ethnoscience and many more
Articles 202 Documents
Determinants Comparative Advantage of Non-Oil Export 34 Provinces in Indonesia Irsan Hardi; Taufiq Carnegie Dawood; Putri Bintusy Syathi
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i3.137

Abstract

In spite of the country’s export activities constantly increase every year, based on the latest report Indonesia still sits at number 28th in the world's top export countries, consider Indonesia as one of the most populated nations and its rich natural resources. There is so much research in the literature about this issue, but to the author’s knowledge, there is still a lack of studies that analyze the performance of non-oil export comparative advantage between provinces in Indonesia instead of between its commodities. The purpose of this research is (1st) to compare non-oil exports comparative advantage between 34 provinces in Indonesia and (2nd) to prove the effect of chosen factors which are a foreign direct investment, local direct investment, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate, population, labor, minimum wage, education, income disparity, regional GDP, government expenditure, and GDP of importing country toward provinces comparative advantage of non-oil export. This research using provinces panel data years 2010-2019. The method of this study is Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index and Trade Balance Index (TBI) to unveil non-oil export comparative advantage between 34 provinces in Indonesia and panel data regression to estimate the impact of determinant factors. The result of comparative advantage index estimation shows that 24 provinces have a comparative advantage based on the RCA index approach and 32 provinces have a comparative advantage based on the TBI approach on non-oil export activities year 2010-2019. The result of panel data regression found that 9 out of 13 determinant variables had a significant effect on the RCA index namely foreign direct investment, local direct investment, exchange rate, population, labor, minimum wage, income disparity, regional GDP, and government expenditure. Then 6 out of 13 determinant variables had a significant effect on TBI which are a local direct investment, interest rate, exchange rate, education, income disparity, and regional GDP.
Misogyy As Violence In Gender Perspective Ni Nyoman Juwita Arsawati; Dewi Bunga
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 3, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v3i1.207

Abstract

Misogyny is the behavior of someone hating women, both from men and fellow women. This behavior often places and views women as the cause of blame in a problem, even for something that is not really a problem. Misogyny causes a person tends to hate, look down on, blame, label and discriminate against women. This behavior is often associated with male privilege, patriarchal customs, and gender discrimination. In practice, this behavior will place men in a superior position, while women in an inferior position. In certain cases, misogynism can even increase the risk of physical, psychological and sexual harassment of women. There are two problems discussed in this study: 1) misogyny in the perspective of gender-based violence and 2) the relationship between misogyny and violence against women. This research is normative juridical research supported by empirical data on gender-based violence against women. Primary and secondary legal materials were collected through literature study. The research approach used is the statutory regulation, the legal concept, and the legal argumentation approach. Analysis of the collected data was carried out qualitatively.
Urban Planning and E-Commerce: Understanding the Impact During Pandemic Covid-19 in Jakarta Rahmatyas Aditantri; Febrina Mahliza; Alif Dimas Wibisono
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i3.160

Abstract

In this digital era, online shopping is kind of behaviour that many people do. E-commerce appears and can gradually replace the existence of conventional market. Especially, this behaviour increasing during this pandemic COVID-19. During the pandemic, there has been a change in habits and activities ranging from working from home, school from home to service trading activities starting to switch to an online service trading system. In order to manage sustainable urban planning, it is important to consider the likely effects of e-commerce. Increasing e-commerce can bring influence also impact to urban planning in a city. This research explores the consumer behaviour regarding e-commerce activities and the influence toward urban planning. DKI Jakarta is chosen as the study location and the policies related to the pandemic COVID-19 in Jakarta are also considered as a literature review. This research using expert judgement as a method of determining aspects of urban planning that are influenced by e-commerce activities and combining the analysis of planning documents and reports as well. Furthermore, e-commerce activities during pandemic COVID-19 in DKI Jakarta have several impacts in urban planning. The implication in urban planning still remains unclear since people still have hybrid consumer behaviour. Besides, it still takes a long time to see a significant impact toward e-commerce to urban planning in DKI Jakarta.
Comparison of Performance from Green Bonds and Conventional Bonds Traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange Wiliya Wiliya; Dwi Susanti; Sukono Sukono
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i4.169

Abstract

Bonds are types of securities in the form of a debt acknowledgment letter for loan money from the public in a certain form, but with a minimum tenor of three years and promise of interest rewards in which the amount and payment have been determined in advance. Looking at the current global problems regarding degradation of environmental equality and climate change, bonds were developed where the proceeds of issuance were exclusively applied to finance environmentally friendly projects, is green bonds. However, the issuance of green bonds in Indonesia is slight. This research aims to find out the comparison of individual performance of green bonds and conventional bonds traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method used to measure performance is Sharpe Ratio. The result indicates that performance of green bond worse than conventional bond. This research can be used as a consideration for investor in making investment based on performance.
Implementation of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land Protection Policy in Sukabumi City, West Java, Indonesia Nita Inopianti; Khursatul Munibah; Moh. Yanuar Jarwadi Purwanto
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i3.161

Abstract

The population increase and regional development are causes of decreasing agricultural land. For supporting agricultural land protection, Sukabumi City issued a Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2016 concerning Sustainable Food Agricultural Land Protection Policy in Sukabumi City (LP2B) which determines 321 ha land as eternal agricultural land. This study examines a level LP2B policy implementation in Sukabumi City. Factors that will be considered: the level of land readiness as LP2B, the level of an implementation incentive program, the level of response and availability of farmers, and the level of infrastructure and information systems readiness. The analytical method used is a descriptive method through collecting data by interviewed farmers, government and reviewing documents related to LP2B policies. The results of the study show that for land readiness, in early 2021 Sukabumi city is ready for about 10.024% % from total planned land. For the implementation of LP2B incentive program, the majority of farmers has not experienced the incentive program. For the farmer’s response and availability, the majority of farmers does not know about LP2B policy, 80% of owner farmers are ready to provide their land into LP2B with some conditions. The availability of irrigation infrastructure in Sukabumi City is very good, where more than 75% of respondents rice fields has an irrigation system. Related to LP2B information system, Sukabumi City has issued a Mayor Regulation Number 8 of 2018 concerning LP2B Information System in Sukabumi City, but this system has not been optimal in providing basic information that is required to exist in a LP2B information system.
Scandinavian Legal Realism in Two Criminal Convictions of The Same Thing Siti Munawaroh; Sri Mulyati; Suhendri Suhendri
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 3, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v3i1.188

Abstract

Human life is regulated and will never be separated from the provisions of binding regulations. Binding rules or norms in human life have the purpose of creating order, justice, and public welfare. The paradigm of legal positivism has always relied on the logic and validation of the ruler which makes people think that the ruler is the only law. This is strongly criticized by legal realists. The interesting thing about legal realism is the view that law must depart from the study of facts. American legal realism states that a judge decides something based on his personal preferences, and then makes a legal analysis to justify the expected outcome. This is different from legal realism in Scandinavia, which is based on logical positivism that developed in the modern era. Legal realism in Scandinavia intends to make legal science more scientific. Criticisms of legal realism include: legal realism presents the law only as a tool for resolving disputes on a case by case basis, there is no need for legal certainty because the approach is very casuistic so that judge’s understanding of cases can vary widely. Using legal studies approach, be expected that it can provide an overview of the problems that occur related to Scandinavian Legal Realism in the adultery case of SS with minors which is contrary to The Law of Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection in conjunction with Article 65 Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code. The judge's authority over the case is to give a verdict related to the SS case in accordance with positive law, the facts that actually happened, and the truth of the case that has been observed by the people involved and legal experts with the aim of maintaining order and protecting the community so that they always do the right thing.
Strengthening Personal Data Protection, Cyber Security, and Improving Public Awareness in Indonesia: Progressive Legal Perspective Abraham Ethan Martupa Sahat Marune; Brandon Hartanto
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i4.170

Abstract

The development of technology, communication, and the internet has positive and negative influences on all sectors of life in society. One of the negative impacts and problems is the alleged criminal act of buying and selling data and the absence of a special law (lex specialist) regarding the regulation of Indonesian personal data. The purpose of this research is to analyze in-depth the efforts to strengthen the protection of personal data, cyber security, and increase public awareness of the perspective of Progressive Law in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical method using secondary data, a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. This scientific paper concludes that the Synergy of Ministries and related institutions (Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary) is the key to protecting personal data and cyber resilience. Then, strengthening efforts should be made, namely immediately passing the Draft Law on Personal Data Protection (RUU PDP), forming an independent institution. However, if at this time a dispute occurs, it can be resolved by Article 30 of the ITE Law and the PMH Lawsuit (Tort), supported by a progressive legal approach and futuristic interpretation by the judge examining the quo case. The synergy of government agencies, the private sector, and other stakeholders is needed to increase public awareness by increasing education/dissemination of efforts to prevent misuse of personal data.
Investigating the Income Inequality in Indonesia: An Application of Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach Zulfa Nazli; Abd. Jamal; Muhammad Nasir
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i4.162

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of economic growth, urban population, unemployment, and human capital on income inequality in Indonesia. Annual data collected from World Development Indicator (WDI) is used from 1984 to 2019. The analytical method of this research is Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) to examine the short and long-term relationships. The results show that economic growth positively and significantly affects income inequality in the short and long term. The urban population variable has a significant negative effect in the short term but not in the long term. The unemployment variable has a significant positive effect in the long run. Finally, human capital negatively affects the short term while not in the long term. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the government stabilize inequality by increasing progressive taxes, creating jobs, providing soft skills training beyond formal education, and socializing the concept of commuter work.
Determinants of Price Fluctuation for Cooking Oil Commodity in Aceh Province, Indonesia Hadi Arisyah Putra; Chenny Seftarita; Suriani Suriani
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i3.158

Abstract

Aceh Province is still one of the regions in Indonesia whose primary commodities are still largely dependent on other regions that can cause uncontrolled fluctuations in the price especially cooking oil product. One step to overcome these problems is to make accurate price fluctuation predictions so preventive actions can be taken to minimize error estimation of these fluctuations so appropriate policies can be applied. This study focuses on analyzing of forecasting fluctuations in cooking oil prices and the influence of its determinants in the Aceh Province, Indonesia. Price forecasting uses the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) approach and determinant estimation uses the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The data used in this study is time-series monthly data from January 2016 to December 2020 from Statistics Indonesia publication. The results of price forecasting show that the monthly price of cooking oil for 2021 and 2022 tends to increase. In early 2021, it is predicted that the price of cooking oil will be in the range of IDR14,500/kg and at the end of the year and early 2022 it is predicted to touch the price range of IDR15,500/kg. Then at the end of 2022 it is predicted that the price of cooking oil will reach IDR17,000/kg. Furthermore, the results of the econometric estimation show that all of the variable determinants have a significant effect on cooking oil prices fluctuations. The variable price of raw materials and the price index received by farmers were found to have a positive effect, while the rainfall variable was found to have a negative effect on cooking oil price fluctuation. According to these findings, it is hoped that the Aceh Provincial Government will be able to take strategic policies on the predicted prices and determinant of variables that have been proven to have a significant effect on cooking oil prices so in the future price fluctuations can be more stable and supply of goods can be maintained, as well as increase the competitiveness of provincial agricultural products.
The Possible Regulation Model To Optimize The Automatic Exchange Of Information (Aeoi) In Indonesia Through Directorate General Of Taxation, Ministry Of Finance And Financial Services Authority Tivana Arbiani Candini; Putri Purbasari Raharningtyas Marditia; Kelly Kelly Kwannaka; Jeanny Liany
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 3, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v3i1.189

Abstract

Tax Treaty is a bilateral(two-party) agreement made by two or more than two countries to resolve some issues involving double taxation, transfer pricing, and treaty shopping. Several governments and organizations use model treaties generally as starting points, such as OECD Model Convention and US Model Convention. As a member of G20, Indonesia has participated in The Automatic Exchange of Information (AEoI) provides for the automatic exchange of predefined set of financial accounts information between tax authorities, based on The Common Reporting Standard (CRS), as also mentioned in Tax Information Exchange Agreement (TIEA) implemented in 2018. In order to implement AEoI the Indonesian regulator needs to review the Banking Law and the Tax Provisions and Procedures,  There is an urgent need to regulate a regulation as a standard that will be used in CSR, support the tax reform and to enhance the capacity and the authority of Directorate General of Taxation, Ministry of Finance and Financial Services Authority, while still considering the protection for the Bank Secrecy. This research will formulate a model regulation that can facilitate the implementation of the AEoI, by carrying out a study in 3 countries, which is Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore

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