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International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (IJFANRES)
Published by FANRes-Network
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27224066     DOI : https://doi.org/10.46676/ij-fanres
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
IJ-FANRes is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly and scientific open access, open-source journal on the science and technology of Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources. Our aim is to encourage Professors, Researchers, and Students to publish their experimental and theoretical research, along with the full set of schematics, and methodological aspects to accelerated and rapid dissemination of leading edge technologies emerging in Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources. The journal publishes original research and review papers. Particularly the journal is focused on the following areas: • Food Engineering and Processing • Microbiology • Industrial crops and Products • Sensors, instrumentation / Internet of Things(IoT) • Modelling / Optimization • GIS / Remote Sensing • Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning • Spectroscopy • Contamination mitigation and prevention • Irrigation • Agronomy • Socio-Economics • Supply/Value-Chain • Food, feed and fiber process Other areas not mentioned above also accepted as long as they provide Science and technology solutions supporting the fields of Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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Iron Deficiency Anemia among School Going Children of Rural Area of Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Ullah, Shakir; Amin, Amjad Ali; Khan Rahman, Muhammad Iqbal; Islam, Umair; Muhammad, Noor; Khan, Hamza; Ilyas, Muhammad; Saeed, Usman; Nawab, Abbas; Khalid, Shah
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 4, No 4 (2023): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v4i4.241

Abstract

Iron is essential for normal human growth, including oxygen transport, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, DNA synthesis, mitochondrial function, and protection of cells from oxidative damage. Iron deficiency anemia is the most prevalent hematologic disorder in school-going children. Therefore the aims were the study to assess the prevalence of anemia among school-going children of rural areas of Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A total of 300 samples were taken from those children of signs and symptoms of Iron deficiency Anemia cross-section survey. Thorough physical Examination, Lab investigations, and Clinical examination. The current research work shows that 1 of 3rd of the school-going children who had signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia were affected with iron deficiency Anemia at the ages of 4 to 7 years 40(40%), 7 to 10 years 35(35%) and 10 to 13 years 25(25%) respectively. severe anemia was rare at 10%, moderate anemia at 25% led by the mild type of anemia with a high percentage of 65% on the basis of Hb level. lower class families were more affected by iron deficiency anemia with 60%, children of middle class were less affected by anemia with 35% while children of upper class families were much less affected by anemia which may be due to the socioeconomic state of the family. Therefore it is recommended that iron supplementation and health and nutrition education programs should be strengthened.  
Comparison of SWAT and WEPP for Modeling Annual Runoff and Sediment Yield in Agewu - Mariyam Watershed, Northern Ethiopia Worku, Yalelet Abie; Moges, Awdenegest; Kendie, Hailu
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 5, No 1 (2024): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i1.280

Abstract

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the Geographic Water Erosion Prediction Project (Geo-WEPP) were applied to compare modeling of annual runoff and sediment yield in the Agewmariam watershed, eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Spatial and temporal data distributions were required as inputs to run both models. Soil texture and other soil properties were measured in the field and in the laboratory, and soil maps were generated from global digital soil maps. Land use maps were created by manually digitizing Google Earth images. Watersheds were defined using watershed DEMs and gradient maps were created for each runoff event. Runoff samples were collected and analyzed for sediment concentrations in the laboratory; average annual runoff and sediment volumes were estimated using the WEPP and SWAT models. The results were satisfactory compared to the observed values, with R2 values of 0.86 and 0.91 for the SWAT and WEPP models, respectively, and NSE values of 0.54 and 0.71 for the monthly runoff. The estimated annual mean runoff and sediment yield at the watershed outlets were 65.54 mm, 146.14 mm, 43t/ha/yr and 41.7t/ha/yr for the WEPP and SWAT models, respectively. Several sub watersheds were determined to be susceptible to soil erosion and were prioritized, so more attention was given to this area to reduce runoff and soil erosion. Therefore, the SWAT and WEPP models were suitable for estimating annual runoff and sediment volumes. Sediment yields simulated from both models were high and alarming and far exceeded the allowable rate of soil loss.
Determination of Irrigation water requirement and Scheduling of onion at Low land area of Wag-himra, Northern Ethiopia Adane, messay Abera; Beza, Gashaw; Wale, Aemro
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 4, No 4 (2023): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v4i4.250

Abstract

Irrigation that saves water is important for satisfying the economic and environmental sustainability of commercial agriculture and improving the living standard of the people. Precision irrigation scheduling is critical to improving irrigation efficiency.  A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years at Abergelle irrigation schemes. The aim of the study was to determine crop water requirement and irrigation schedule of onion (when and how much to irrigate) for most market-oriented crops. The treatments were arranged with a factorial arrangement randomized complete block design with three replications. Three Levels of CROPWAT, fixed application depth (125%, 100%, and 75%ETc) and, three irrigation intervals (3, 4, and 5 days) and 1-farmer practice were used as control. The study result showed that 75% CROPWAT fixed depth at 3-day intervals achieved high water productivity, and saved 2873m3ha-1 of irrigation water compared with farmers’ method of irrigation. It provides additional irrigated land of 0.84 ha with a yield gain of 10.44 t ha-1. Therefore, a 3-day irrigation interval with 75% CROPWAT irrigation depth was recommended for the optimum yield and water productivity of the crop.
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL IMPROVEMENT OF CASSAVA YIELD AND PROCESSING FOR FOOD SUSTAINABILITY IN NIGERIA Udebuani, Angela Chika; Ukachukwu, Chidinma Ogochukwu
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 5, No 1 (2024): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i1.227

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) was introduced into Nigeria by Portuguese merchants in 1501. Since then, it has become a major source of food and raw materials leading to an increase in demand. In Nigeria, two-thirds of the States, mainly in the southern region, produce cassava. Malnutrition among the rural populace, especially children and women has led scientists to device means of increasing the nutritional content and varieties of cassava for food sustainability in Nigeria.  Many genetically modified cassava species are produced and marketed in Nigeria. Today we have varieties with vitamin A, reduced carbohydrate content, disease resistance to mention but a few.
Design of an E-Nose Detector for Contaminated Gas in Cow Farming Waste Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto; Winda Amilia; Laila Adhani Putri Malik
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 4, No 4 (2023): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v4i4.213

Abstract

Cattle farm waste is organic waste produced by the livestock industry in the form of feces and can emit gases that cause air pollution. Cow dung contamination can cause environmental problems, disturbing humans and livestock. Hazardous gases produced from the decomposition of livestock manure, namely methane (CH4), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), can cause respiratory diseases, deplete ozone and contribute to the greenhouse effect. Based on these problems, measuring gas levels using an Electronic Nose (E-Nose) tool capable of detecting harmful gases in livestock pens is necessary. The E-nose is a device that mimics the human nose and consists of several gas sensors that can detect environmental odors. The design of the detection and measurement of toxic gases using an electronic nose in this study adopts the Internet of Things (IoT) concept using the Arduino Uno and ESP8266 microcontrollers and MQ-4, MQ-136, and MQ-137 gas sensors to read levels of pollutant gas in units of ppm with an average of 46.25 ppm for the MQ-4 sensor, 1.86 ppm for the MQ-136 sensor, and 4.97 ppm for the MQ-137. The sensors were subjected to functional tests consisting of validity testing, resulting in a calculated r value of 1, meaning that each gas sensor performs its measurement function correctly or validly. The reliability test of the MQ-4 sensor is 0.00, the MQ-136 sensor is 2.442× 10-15, and the MQ-137 sensor is 1.554× 10-15, which means that the data reading from each gas sensor is unstable, less accurate, or unreliable compared to secondary data. However, the designed E-Nose tool can work well and improve farmers' performance in their daily work.
Botanical quality controls and uses of Origanum vulgare L. products and their impact on food security in the province of Jujuy - Argentina Leila Ayelen Salome GIMENEZ; Nilda Dora Vignale; Marcelo Luis Wagner
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 5, No 1 (2024): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i1.297

Abstract

In Argentina, a nation committed to prioritizing food quality, there is a pressing necessity to fortify quality control systems and establish stringent standards ensuring food safety. This study aims to scrutinize commercial samples of Origanum vulgare L. in the province of Jujuy, Argentine Republic, with the objective of assessing their authenticity and overall quality. Both macroscopic and microscopic techniques were employed to analyze composition and verify identity. Simultaneously, a thorough examination of product labels was conducted to ensure compliance with food regulations. Ethnographic techniques, including merchant interviews, were utilized to gather comprehensive insights. The findings reveal considerable variability in the composition of "oregano" samples, with instances of foreign elements such as stones and dust detected in some cases. Microscopic identification unequivocally confirmed the presence of contaminating elements. Notably, the majority of industrial products adhered to labeling standards, while a mere 10% of artisanal samples achieved similar compliance. The study also unveiled diverse culinary and medicinal applications for the examined oregano samples. These discoveries underscore the imperative for heightened oversight to guarantee the quality and purity of oregano products. The correlation between microscopic results and previous studies bolsters the reliability of this analytical approach. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the paramount importance of instituting policies and programs that advance food security. The proposed methodology emerges as an effective means to enhance quality control in the marketing of plant products in the province.
Production Optimization of Chlorophyll Herbs Spice Powder from Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber) Leaves with Response Surface Method Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto; Triana Oktaviani Nurhardiningsih; Andi Eko Wiyono
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 4, No 4 (2023): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v4i4.224

Abstract

Jamu is a herbal drink obtained from the processing of plant parts which are non-toxic and do not have side effects. One way to extend the shelf life of herbal medicine is by changing the form of herbal medicine into powder. The method that can be used is foam mat drying which involves an emulsifying agent in the form of maltodextrin and a foam agent in the form of tween 80. Generally, herbal medicine is made from raw materials such as ginger. Ginger contains gingerols and shogaols as phenolic antioxidant components. Improving the quality, characteristics, attractiveness of herbal spice powders can be done by adding green coloring from chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment in plants that can absorb blue, red and purple light and reflects green in plants. Tapak liman leave (Elephantopus scaber) is one of the weeds that has a deep green color and can be used as medicine. The characteristics of herbal spice powders with chlorophyll are influenced by factors in each process, such as the mixing and drying processes. Optimizing the final result requires process engineering with one of the methods, namely the Response Surface Methodology. This study used the Behnken Box Design with 3 factors in the form of mixing time, drying time and power with a design that produced 15 treatments. Optimization response parameters used consist of response to chlorophyll content and response to water content. Optimum treatment conditions were obtained in the  treatment with 26 minutes of stirring time, 10 minutes of drying time at 400 Watt power. The chlorophyll response is 14.138 ppm and the water content response is 2.5%. Analysis of herbal powder containing chlorophyll supporting optimum treatment conditions can be carried out by measuring color, pH and TDS. The L* value owned by  is 73.7 which tends to be brightness. Meanwhile, the a* value is -2.5 and the b* value is 6.5. The degree of acidity or pH at  is 6.03 with a total dissolved solids value of 7.75 °Brix.
Effect of dehulling, fermentation, and roasting on the nutrient and anti-nutrient content of sorghum and pearl millet flour Blessing Nhamoinesu Gwekwe; Prosper Chopera; Tonderayi M Matsungo; Catherine Chidewe; Stanley Mukanganyama; Elijah Nyakudya; Florence Mtambanengwe; Paul Mapfumo; Loveness K K Nyanga
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 5, No 1 (2024): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i1.221

Abstract

Sorghum and pearl millet contain anti-nutritional factors such as tannins and phytic acid, which limits their use in processed food products.  Pre-treatment processes of these traditional grains such as dehulling, roasting, and fermentation, have potential to reduce the anti-nutritional factors. However, there is death in data on their efficacy.  Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of dehulling, fermenting and roasting on the proximate, micronutrient and anti-nutritional content of sorghum and pearl millet flour from Zimbabwe. The grains were roasted, dehulled, fermented, and milled into flour. Four treatments namely, (1) unprocessed sorghum (control 1), (2) processed sorghum, (3) unprocessed pearl millet (control 2) and (4) processed pearl millet were prepared. The treatment samples were evaluated for proximate and mineral content using standard methods of analysis (AOAC, 2000) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-OES) method, respectively.  Phytates and tannins were measured using the UV Spectrophotometer method. The alkaloid content was determined gravimetrically. Data were analysed statistically using ANOVA at 95% probability. Sorghum processing i.e. dehulling, fermenting, roasting and milling significantly increased the protein content (from 15.0±0.08 to 20.0±3.98%) and ash content (from 3.6±0.05 to 4.2±0.52%) (p<0.05). No significant difference in fat content was observed between the processed and unprocessed sorghum and pearl millet (p>0.05). Similarly, the protein content of pearl millet significantly increased after processing (from 20.0 ±0.07 to 25±2.875) (p<0.05), while carbohydrate and ash content reduced significantly after processing (p<0.05). The processed pearl millet had significantly higher moisture content than the unprocessed (p<0.05). No significant difference in the calcium, iron and sodium content was recorded between the processed and unprocessed sorghum (p>0.05). The magnesium content decreased significantly after processing sorghum (p<0.05). However, potassium and zinc content increased significantly after processing (p<0.05). Processing pearl millet significantly increased in the calcium, potassium and zinc content (p<0.001). No significant difference in the iron content was observed between the two treatments (p>0.05). The magnesium and sodium content decreased significantly after processing (p<0.001). Processing pearl millet and sorghum significantly reduced the phytic acid content and tannin levels (p<0.05). The alkaloid content of the processed sorghum decreased significantly, while no significant difference in alkaloid content was recorded between processed and unprocessed pearl millet (p>0.05). Processing of sorghum and pearl millet is recommended since it improves the nutritional composition and lowers anti-nutritional factors.
Pre-extension Demonstration and Evaluation of Improved Food Barley Varieties in Chora and Gechi Districts of Buno Bedele Zone Southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia Suleiman Aman; Nuru Temam; Diriba Hordofa
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 5, No 1 (2024): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v5i1.288

Abstract

The experiment was conducted in 2022 main rainy cropping season in Chora and Gechi districts of Buno Bedele zone with the objectives to evaluate the yield performance and economic profitability of food barley varieties, to identify farmers’ varietal selection criteria and to improve the targeted farmers` knowledge and skills towards improved selected food barley production and management practices. Based on barley production potential and road accessibility, five kebeles were selected where two improved barley varieties (Adoshe and HB 1307) were demonstrated and evaluated alongside the local variety (Torja) replicated on 14 demonstration sites. The 100 m2 plot size was used for each variety where all the recommended agronomic practices were followed. Data like grain yield, farmers’ varietal selection criteria’s, number of training and field day participants, cost incurred and profit obtained were collected where descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA, matrix raking and partial budget were used to analyze the collected data. Both list-wise deletion and single imputation methods were used in order to fix non-equal treatment as missed data among the fourteen demonstration sites. Accordingly, the descriptive result of list-wise deletion revealed that, the mean grain yield of 37.14, 39.79and 19.49 qt ha-1 were obtained from Adoshe, HB1307 and local varieties respectively whereas the mean grain yield of 34.04, 39.79 and 19.69 qt ha-1 were obtained from Adoshe, HB1307 and local varieties respectively. The list-wise deletion and imputation method analysis of variance among the yield of demonstrated barley varieties shows that there is statistically significant yield difference at (P<0.05) and (P<0.01) between the varieties respectively. The matrix raking shows Adoshe variety was preferred first by farmers. About 69 and 96 participants were participated on the training and field day respectively. The economic analysis result revealed that, the 3.55 ETB marginal rate of return by list-wise deletion and 3.51 ETB by imputation methods were obtained from HB1307 variety whereas, the 3.1 ETB marginal rate of return by list-wise deletion and 2.51 ETB by imputation methods were obtained from Adoshe variety indicating that farmers can recover all the incurred costs and gain 3.55/3.51 and 3.10/2.51 ETB for every 1 ETB they invest when they use HB1307 and Adoshe varieties respectively. HB1307 variety had high performance in terms of yield and economic profitability whereas Adoshe variety was favored by the farmers and therefore, HB1307 and Adoshe varieties were recommended for further scaling up in the study areas and similar agro ecologies.Key words__ Buno Bedele, Demonstration, Farmers, Food Barley, Participatory, Yield.
Perception of Agricultural Extension Agents Towards the Performance of Project-Based Extension Delivery on Food Security in Ghana Jones Ebenenzer Osei; Enock Kwame Tham-Agyekum; Benjamin Sarfo-Mensah; Peter Kombat; Fred Ankuyi
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 4, No 4 (2023): IJ-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v4i4.177

Abstract

Agricultural extension agents in Ghana's Upper East Region relied on project-based extension delivery services during the Covid-19 period. Using the perspectives of extension agents, this research looked at the effect of project-based extension delivery services on food security. A sample size of 144 agricultural extension agents from three distinct zones in the Region participated in this research, which used a descriptive correlation survey approach. Frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, correlation coefficients, and regression were used to analyse the data. In terms of effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, and economics, the project-based extension delivery service performed well. In terms of stability, food security was excellent. Food security and efficiency, relevance, and economics have a favorable and very significant association. Economy, efficiency, and age had 79% explanation for food security. On the perceived degree of food security, there was a substantial difference between male and female agricultural extension agents. The impact of project-based extension delivery services on food security was significant. The Ministry of Food and Agriculture should provide enough logistics, training, and incentive for agricultural extension agents to enhance information delivery.

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