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Hanif Amrulloh
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Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Published by Pandawa Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27743047     DOI : 10.47352/jmans
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science (abbreviated as J. Multidiscip. Appl. Nat. Sci.) is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal for multidisciplinary research activity on natural sciences and their application on daily life. This journal aims to make significant contributions to applied research and knowledge across the globe through the publication of original, high-quality research articles in the following fields: 1) biology and environmental science 2) chemistry and material sciences 3) physical sciences and 4) mathematical sciences. The J. Multidiscip. Appl. Nat. Sci. is an open-access journal containing original research articles, review articles, and short communications in the areas related to applied natural science. The J. Multidiscip. Appl. Nat. Sci. publishes 2 issues in a year on January (first issue) and July (second issue). This journal has adopted a double-blind reviewing policy whereby both the referees and author(s) remain anonymous throughout the process.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 133 Documents
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Application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to Study Transesterification of Palm Oil in the Presence of Zeolite-A as Catalyst Kamisah Delilawati Pandiangan; Khoirin Nisa; Wasinton Simanjuntak; Diska Indah Alista; Erika Noviana; Selvia Anggraini Hasan
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.201

Abstract

In this research, the application of response surface methodology with central composite design (RSM-CCD) to optimizetransesterification of palm oil in the presence of zeolite-A as catalyst was investigated. Zeolite-A was synthesized from rice husk silica (RHS) and food-grade aluminium foil using hydrothermal method and then characterized using XRD and SEM. The synthesized zeolite was then applied to an optimized transesterification reaction using response RSM with three factorial levels, for three variables including methanol to oil ratio, catalyst load, and reaction time. The experimental results indicate that the yield of 99% was achieved at optimum conditions of methanol to oil volume ratio of 6, catalyst load of 9.6%, and reaction time of 4.3 hours. The results of experiments and predicted results based on the RSM model are in agreement as shown by the p-value less than 0.05 at a confidence level of 95%.
Comparative Analysis Between Two Reliability Models of a Three-Unit Complex Industrial System Syed Zegham Taj; Syed Mohammed Rizwan
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.202

Abstract

A comparative analysis between two reliability models of a three-unit complex industrial system has been presented in this paper. Previously, real failure-maintenance data of a three-unit complex industrial system were collected. The situations depicted in the data were used for developing two appropriate reliability models for the system. Important reliability indicators of the system were estimated by applying Semi-Markov and regenerative processes. Here, a comparison between the reliability indices and profits of the two models is performed, which helps in identifying the suitability of one model over the other. Cut-off points for profits based on costs, revenues, and failure rates have also been obtained for deciding which of the two models is more profitable. Graphical analysis is also presented to illustrate the outcomes.
Characterization of Extracellular Chitinase from Bacillus cereus SAHA 12.13 and Its Potency as a Biocontrol of Curvularia affinis Muhammad Asril; Didik Supriyadi
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.203

Abstract

Bacillus cereus SAHA 12.13 can produce chitinase, an enzyme that digests chitin in the main compounds of cell walls, mycelia, and spores in pathogenic fungi that cause leaf spots on oil palm plants such as Curvularia affinis. This study aims to determine the properties of the chitinase enzyme B. cereus SAHA 12.13 that can inhibit the growth of C. affinis. Chitinase enzyme production and characterization were measured using the Spindler method. Antagonism test against pathogenic fungi using dual culture method by testing cell culture and enzyme crude extract. This result showed that the isolate produced a high level of specific chitinase activity at 37 °C for 45 h of incubation with 8.45 U mg-1 proteins with a growth rate (k) of 0.25 generation/h, and the generation time was 3.96 h/generation. The optimum chitinase activity was achieved at pH 7.0 and 45 °C and was stable for 3 h with a half-life (t1/2) of 770 min. The crude enzyme and cell culture of strain can inhibit the growth of C. affinis by 36.27±0.043% and 34.25±0.041%, respectively. These characteristics indicate that B. cereus strain SAHA12.13 can be used to inhibit C. affinis, which causes leaf blight of oil palm, under varying pH and temperature conditions.
Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using Abelmoschus esculenthus L. Fruit Extract: Antioxidant, Photoprotective, Anti-inflammatory, and Antibacterial Studies Christina Astutiningsih; Tias Eka Rahmawati; Nanik Astutik Rahman; Meri Meri
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.204

Abstract

Nanoparticles are extensively studied for their promising biological properties. In this study, the fruit extract of Abelmoschus esculenthus L. was used as a chelating agent for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnOPs-AE) using a zinc acetate solution. The prepared ZnOPs-AE were identified and characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analyzer (PSA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS). The green synthesized ZnOPs-AE were evaluated for their antioxidant, photoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. The synthesized nanoparticles showed an intensity peak at 370 nm in the UV-vis spectrum. The FTIR result shows the presence of O-H, C=O, C-O, C-OH, and C=C chelating functional groups on the surface of nanoparticles. The size of ZnOPs-AE was determined using a PSA with particle size distribution of 102.2 nm. The ZnOPs-AE were shown to be spherical by SEM analysis and composition was 82.11% and 14.79% for Zn and O, respectively. The antioxidant properties of ZnOPs-AE showed significant antioxidant potential in DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays compared to the quercetin standard. The photoprotection activity test showed a SPF value of 19.63, the percentage of erythema transmission was 5.98%, and the percentage of pigmentation transmission was 5.62%. The ZnOPs-AE showed good anti-inflammatory with the synthesized nanoparticle performing activity between positive control and the fruit extract of Abelmoschus esculenthus L. Also, the ZnOPs-AE exhibited good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (20.78 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosae (11.13 mm). Overall, the results highlight the effectiveness and potential of ZnOPs-AE for biological application.
Chicken Eggshell Powder as Antibacterial Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Through In Vitro Studies Rodhiansyah Djayasinga; Rudy Tahan Mangapul Situmeang; Fuangfa Unob; Sutopo Hadi; Posman Manurung; Sumardi Sumardi
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.205

Abstract

Identifying the most effective material with antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a challenging task considering the rising concerns about drug resistance. Various experiments through in vitro and in vivo studies to obtain antibacterial agents using abundant and easily available raw material sources have been conducted. Therefore, this study aimed to acquire semiconducting nanoparticle material derived from purebred chicken eggshell waste that could effectively function as an antibacterial agent. The waste treatment was carried out using a top-down method applying the thermal decomposition method with calcination temperatures of 700 and 800 ºC for 30 hours. XRD analysis results showed CaO as a major phase and this was further supported by Rietveld calculation. The size of the crystalline phases obtained ranged from 10–45 nm, while FTIR analysis showed the appearance of CaO bond at a wave number of 715.65 cm-1. Furthermore, SEM analysis showed a rough folded particle surface with a pore percentage of 48.20%. Based on the UV-Vis DRS analysis results, chicken eggshell powder had band gap energy characteristics of 2.07, 2.74, 3.71, and 5.96 eV for sample B, as well as 4.60 and 5.82 eV for sample C. Activation of purebred chicken eggshell powder as antibacterial was performed both qualitatively and quantitatively using photocatalytic and non-photocatalytic methods. Qualitatively, both samples showed antibacterial activity, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1,000 µg/mL.
Land Use Change Mapping and Analysis Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study in Tam Ky City, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam Vu T Phuong; Bui B Thien
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.208

Abstract

Changes in land use/land cover (LULC) play a critical role in effective natural resource management, monitoring, and development, particularly within the realm of urban planning. In the examination of Tam Ky city, Quang Nam province, Vietnam, spanning from 2000 to 2020, remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were employed. The Landsat satellite data (Landsat 7 ETM+ for 2000, Landsat 5 TM for 2010, and Landsat 8 OLI for 2022) underwent analysis using the supervised classification method in ArcGIS 10.8 software to identify and categorize six primary LULC classes: water bodies, agriculture, settlements, vegetation, construction, and bare soil/rocks. The reliability of the classification was evaluated through k values, revealing high accuracy with values of 0.951, 0.953, and 0.950 for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, respectively. Notable shifts in LULC were observed during the period from 2000 to 2020. The areas covered by vegetation and settlements expanded by 53 and 1300 ha, respectively, while water bodies, agriculture, construction, and bare soil/rocks experienced reductions of 466, 48, 413, and 425 ha, respectively. To facilitate a rapid assessment, the study also incorporated the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI). The trends identified in this study are consistently aligned with the results of the supervised classification. The identified changes in LULC pose a substantial environmental threat, and the study's outcomes serve as a valuable asset for future land use planning and management in the area. The method's high accuracy enhances the dependability of the results, making them crucial for well-informed decision-making and sustainable development initiatives.
A Mathematical Model of an Electoral Process and Predicting of Outcome Emmanuel Azuaba; Abraham Augustine Ahiaba; Joseph Folake Lois; Adeyemi Sunday Olagunju; Ayodele Akanji; Emmanuel Obaro Ohwadua; Oluwatoyin Adelakun Adeyemo
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.209

Abstract

We developed and analysed a mathematical model to study the dynamics of an electoral process and predict the outcome in Nigeria with three political parties as major actors. We model the ruling party (P1); major opposition party (P2) and minority opposition parties (P3). The model includes party campaigners of the three political parties and a class of eligible voters. The model also incorporates the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), electoral observers, judiciary, security personnel and thugs. The influx of voters into the system is determined by the registration rate of voter cards. The model’s interest lies in the measure of positive influence that the party campaigners who eligible voters to join their party. With this, the model mirrors election’s outcome and the movement of voters between the three groups of political parties involved. The model has proven that the pattern of election’s outcome for each political party is affected by the defection of party members and lack of policy consistency. We determine the equilibria analytically and discuss the stability of the system. Numerical simulations are graphed in combination with curve fitting to compare each party’s performances over the years. The result shows that no political party remains in power steadily from 2007 to 2019. Thus, the prediction of elections outcome to the political space of any region in Nigeria depends on political party structures and voters’ decisions.
Catalytic Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol and Methylene Blue with Silver Nanoparticles Decorated with Drymoglossum piloselloides Extract Awalul Fatiqin; Rokiy Alfanaar; Sudarman Rahman; Yahya Febrianto; Shesanthi Citrariana; Mu’afa Purwa Arsana; Thathit Suprayogi; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.210

Abstract

Drymoglossum piloselloides is one of the epiphytic plants that is commonly found in Southeast Asia region. In this study, the ethanol extract of D. piloselloides plant has been used in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD),Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The UV-Vis spectrum of silver nanoparticles showed a maximum wavelength at 453 nm. The XRD measurement showed the silver nanoparticles peaks at 38.38°, 44.60°, 64.76°, and 77.62°. The FTIR spectra provided evidence of the interaction between silver and chemicals in the plant extract as a weak signal at 682 cm-1. Meanwhile, TEM revealed an average size of 12.63nm. The synthesised silver nanoparticles were utilised for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol with a conversion percentage of up to 100% with a reduction reaction rate constant of 7.104 s-1. In addition, methylene blue was also successfully reduced with the synthesised silver nanoparticles as the catalyst with a reduction reaction rate constant (k) of 21.150 s-1. This study highlights the superior advantage of utilizing ethanolic extract of D. piloselloides to prepare silver nanoparticles with promising catalytic reduction purposes.
Establishment of Typical Dose Reference Level (DRL) Values for Adult Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography in Three Hospitals in Brazzaville, Congo Republic Guy Blanchard Dallou; Philippe Ondo Meye; Joël Bazoma; Clobite Bouka Biona; Saïdou Saïdou; Germain Hubert Ben-Bolie
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.211

Abstract

The present study aimed at to establish typical dose reference level (DRL) values for adult patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) examinations in three hospitals in Brazzaville, Congo Republic. The examinations considered were head, chest, abdomen-pelvis, chest-abdomen-pelvis and lumbar spine CT scans. For each examination, the median of the distribution for the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose-length product (DLP) were determined. The median values were considered as the typical DRL values. Hypothesis testing was also carried out to statistically compare the mean values obtained for each participating CT facility. In the case of head scan, the typical values proposed in the present study in terms of CTDIvol and DLP were 15–48% and 28–60% lower than the DRL values reported in the literature, respectively. In the case of lumbar spine, the typical value determined in this study in terms of DLP was 48–70% greater than the DRL values provided in the literature. The typical values proposed for chest, abdomen-pelvis and chest-abdomen-pelvis were within the DRL values reported in the literature. It is possible that the adoption of the typical values proposed in the present study will help in reducing the dose received by adult patients undergoing CT examination in Congo Republic.
Exposure of the Population of Mindanao to Combined Natural and Anthropogenic Environmental Stressors Hernan G Pantolla; Alex C Gonzaga
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.212

Abstract

In 2019, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) episodes in conjunction with climate change resulted in significant adverse impacts, particularly on developing nations. The year 2019 ranked among the top three warmest years since the mid-1800s. This paper aims to comprehensively analyze the El Niño period and the worsening climate trends observed in Mindanao, Philippines, during that year. The application of spatial analysis techniques revealed the existence of poverty hotspots characterized by below-average precipitation and enduring episodes of dangerous levels of heat index. The study documented instances of crop destruction and farmers' resulting problems. The application of multivariate clustering analysis revealed a significant association between urbanization and elevated mortality rates in climate-sensitive diseases. This finding suggests that the degree of urbanization has an apparent impact on regional mortality rates, ranging from modest to substantial increases. The findings underscore the necessity of implementing early warning systems and developing and implementing mitigation and adaptation methods. This is particularly crucial in sectors susceptible to adverse effects, such as agriculture and healthcare, where the immediate consequences are already observable.

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