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Faizal Amir Parlindungan Nasution
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan
Published by Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan RI
ISSN : 19076096     EISSN : 27228770     DOI : 10.47198
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan (J-naker/The Indonesian Journal of Manpower) adalah publikasi ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan. J-naker bekerjasama dengan beberapa asosiasi fungsional dan profesi di bidang ketenagakerjaan dalam rangka mengembangkan publikasi ini agar menjadi wadah peningkatan kualitas kebijakan ketenagakerjaan. Kerjasama tersebut antara lain dengan Asosiasi Analis Kebijakan Indonesia (AAKI) Komisariat Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan, Asosiasi Mediator Hubungan Industrial Indonesia (AMHII), Asosiasi Pengawas Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia (APKI), Asosiasi Instruktur Pelatihan Kerja Republik Indonesia Indonesia (PILAR RI), Ikatan Pengantar Kerja Seluruh Indonesia (IKAPERJASI), dan Persatuan Perencana Pembangunan Indonesia (PPPI) Komisariat Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 124 Documents
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Paradoks Kewirausahaan Di Indonesia, Sebuah Peluang Atau Keterpaksaan? Studi Empiris Menggunakan Data Sakernas Tahun 2017 Beni Teguh Gunawan
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

The unbalanced number of job seeker and employment cause employment opportunity. Large numbers of unemployment can cause problems in some country. An alternative to decrease the unemployment is to encourage entrepreneurship. However, for some people, entrepreneurship is considered to be the last resort for job seeker who are not absorbed into formal employment. The objective of this paper is to determine the paradox of entrepreneurship. In one side, entrepreneur is a last resort for the which is not absorbed in some formal job, in another side, entrepreneur is a promising choice. From the results of quantitative analysis we got the fact that entrepreneurship is a promising and reliabe for almost labour force. Although actually people who work as workers more than entrepreneurs. Quantitative analysis results show that only 25.5% of entrepreneurs feel entrepreneurial as a last resort, while 74.5% of entrepreneurship is an opportunity.
Sirkulasi Keputusan Dan Dampak Menjadi Pekerja Migran: Studi Etnografi Proses Pengambilan Keputusan Menjadi Pekerja Migran Indonesia Citra Nur Hamidah
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

Limited employment opportunities in Indonesia encourage Indonesians to seek employment abroad and choose to become migrant workers. There are two migration processes; procedural migration and unprocedural migration. In this study, I would like to show the global labor migration reviewed from the local level of the migrant worker’s village. My focus to explore the decision-making process of migrant workers created in thehousehold and the village. I argue that ethnography approach casting light on social and cultural contexts for thought, reason, and action can explain how choices are framed and constituted. I used an ethnography approach to explain the decision-making process and to understand the daily life of migrant workers in the village and household units. I conducted fieldwork (live in) in Kebondalem Village, Banyuwangi for 3 months.In the context of migrant workers, I offered a new concept to explore the decision-making process, that is 'long distance decision making process'. The process of decision making into migrant workers is never completed and always formed through daily activities, even households negotiated.
Dampak Investasi Dan Tenaga Kerja Asing Terhadap Kesempatan Kerja Tenaga Kerja Asal Indonesia Ari Yuliastuti
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

Foreign investment (PMA) and foreign workers (TKA) become an inseparable issue in a country's economic liberalization. Many theories argue that PMA and TKA will have a negative impact on the workforce of the investment destination country if the human resources and policies in the country are not ready. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of investment, especially foreign investment and the number offoreign workers to employment opportunities for workers from Indonesia. The data used comes from the Directorate of Foreign Workers Use Control, the Ministry of Manpower, the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) and the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). This paper usesdescriptive qualitative analysis because of the limitations of available data. The analysis shows that the number of PMA has a positive impact on the number of foreign workers entering Indonesia, where the dominance of foreign workers from China has increased in the last five years. From this increasing number of foreign workers is not seen to make the Indonesian workforce increasingly urged. Indonesia's labor force tends to stagnate and even the number of unemployed also declines.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pengupahan Pada Usaha Mikro Dan Kecil Akhmad Junaedi
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

In the national economy wages have a very strategic position both for workers, employers and for governments, each of which has different interests. Therefore, the government is instrumental to maintain the balance between the interests of employers and the interests of workers/laborers. The government is also obliged to create industrial relations between the two sides in a harmonious and equitable way to maintain business stability and increase productivity. Wages for entrepreneurs as production costs so often are subjected to emphasis for efficiency reasons. In an effort to anticipate these conditions, the government has issued legislation concerning wages including Government Regulation No. 8 of 1981 on the Protection of Wages,Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No. Per-17/Men/1999 on Minimum Wages, Law number. 13 of 2003 on Manpower. Because of the stronger demands of workers/laborers on the components of decent living needs, in order to ensure business sustainability, investment climate and guarantee of wage system, the government issued PP No.78 of 2015 on wages. Although micro and small enterprises contribute greatly to job creation and gross domestic product, they are constrained by financial constraints, management, places of business, and marketing. On the other hand, there is a policy of minimum wage that must be implemented. However, in the implementation of these provisions are very difficult to meet by the perpetrators of micro and small businesses. In relation thereto, the minimum wage policy/condition can not be applied at all business scales. At the micro and small scale enterprises can not be forced to pay the wage of workers/laborers in accordance with the provisions of the minimum wage that has been set.
Komparasi Minat Berwirausaha Bagi Penganggur Berpengalaman Kerja Sebagai TKI Dan Non TKI Sapto Setyodhono; Zellius Ragiliawan
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

Employment problems in Indonesia such as a relatively high number of unemployed and limited job opportunities. Creation and expansion of jobs opportunities are continuously pursued, both domestically and through placement of workers abroad. One of the priorities of job creation for the unemployed is to develop entrepreneurship. By processing and analyzing descriptively quantitative data of Sakernas August 2017, it is indicated that the Labor Force Participation Rate into Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) is higher, but the unemployment rate is also the highest compared to that experienced by non migrant workers and unemployed workers. The proportion of workers who have work experience as the most migrant workers interested in entrepreneurship, the second most are those who have non-migrant work experience, while the unemployed who have no least work experience who are interested to become entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs to be developed by ex-migrant workers are relatively small. This is indicated by the effort that has been or is being done by the ex- migrant worker for entrepreneurship only collecting capital and looking for business location, and no one to take care of business license. Similarly, unemployed ex-migrant workers who have received job training and certified are also the fewest. Therefore, efforts to develop the potential of unemployed ex-TKI to become successful entrepreneurs need special attention.
Dampak Upah Minimum terhadap Employment: Pendekatan Difference in Spatial Difference Ardhian Kurniawati
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

Most studies on the impact of minimum wages on employment resulted in a negative impact of minimum wages on employment in the formal sector. However, there are indications of bias because the results of these studies assume that the labor market between observation units are independent, whereas the labor market between observation units are dependent on each other. This study aims to estimate the impact of minimum wages on employment considering that between observation units are dependent on each other. Using a difference in spatial difference this study estimate the impact of minimum wages on employment using data Sakernas year 2010-2015 in Java. The estimation results a positive impact of the increase in the minimum wage on employment in the formal sector and negatif impact on employment in the informal sector. 100% increase in the real minimum wage is assosiate with approximately a 0.41%-0.47% increase in employment in the formal and decrease employment in informal sector approximately 0.22%-0.35%.
Pengaruh Upah Minimum terhadap Employment Transition: Analisis Level Individu di Pulau Jawa Beni Teguh Gunawan
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

The objectives of the study is to determine the effect of minimum wages on employment transition, especially in Java as the majority of the Indonesian region set a minimum wage in district/city level. Previous similar studies carried out in developed countries that do not take the informal sectors. The analysis was performed using individual data sourced from Sakernas BPS 2010 and 2015 are seen as a form of longitudinal t-1 and t for each year. Empirical analysis used is multinomial logit with markov chain approach. In addition to a real minimum wage as an primary independent variable, other independent variables used were age, gender, educational level, and marital status as individual characteristics, as well as the GRDP, the share of themanufacturing sector in the GRDP, coverage of the minimum wage, and the ratio of working age population to total population as regional characteristics. Minimum wage has a significant and negative impact on the transition from the informal to the formal (F to I), formal to not employed (F to N), and not employed to not employed (N to N). In addition, the minimum wage is also positive and significant impact on the transition fromformal to formal (F to F) and informal to informal (I to I). While the transition from not employed to informal (N to I) are not affected by the minimum wage. Empirical evidence shows that the impact of minimum wage on employment transition pattern in Indonesia is closest to monopsony market.
Peran Sektor Publik dalam Akumulasi Human Capital dan Kapasitas Research & Development Sanjoyo Sanjoyo
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

Economic growth of a country is influenced by various factors, such as natural resources, capital, savings, and technological development. The wealth of natural resources will help a country's economy, but must be supported by natural resource exploration skills. Capital, savings and technology are the dominant elements of economic growth for the future. With technology allows manufacturers to produce more with the same input level. Technological development depends on the ability of science and the quality of education of a country and how much attention to research and development. The dynamic relationship between economic growth and human resources and research & development can be explained since 1980 when Romer and Lucas described the relationship with the growth model of endogenous or new growth theory. In this paper I will try to explain briefly the history of the economic development of growth theory and briefly review the core of the neoclassical model and the endogenous growth model. Then, this paper will explain the role of human capital accumulation and research & development in economic development. Finally, this paper will review the role of the public sector and policy implications in the process of human capital accumulation and research & development investment to contribute to economic growth.
Determinan Bekerja Tidak Penuh di Indonesia Nikhen Pratiwi Sekar Tanjung
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

This study is intended to find out the profile of part-time workers and the factors which affecting part-time workers in Indonesia with Sakernas Agustus 2016. Part-time workers are female, living in the rural areas, 35-44 years old, married, have less of human capital, non-disabilities persons, do not have household members under 10 years old, works in the agricultural sector, unpaid workers, informal sector, and monthly wages less than 500 thousand rupiahs. The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that female workers, living in rural areas, aged above 55, unmarried, low-educated persons, never attending job training, having work experience, disabled-persons, having household members under 10 years old, and working in agricultural sectors have greater opportunity to become part-time workers in Indonesia.
Karakteristik Desa Migran Produktif yang Mempengaruhi Banyaknya TKI Bekerja ke Luar Negeri Suryadi Suryadi
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

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Abstract

The decrease of Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) working abroad, brings its own problems. One of the problems faced is the emergence of new unemployment as a result of the lack of existing jobs. For that, the government seeks to create new jobs in the country through the formation of Desmigratif. This research aims to determine the effect of productive migrant village characteristics on the number of migrant workers who work abroad. The influence of each independent variable such as variable of X 6 (existence of cooperative), variable of X 13 (number of types of economic means in the village), variable of X 15 (population of productive age) and variable of X 18 (territorial, Java and outside Java) to the dependent variable Y (the number of migrant workers working abroad). Resources, facilities and infrastructure of economic activities in productive migrant villages are very heterogeneous. The village government must have seriousness in making development policy to support community empowerment program, so that people will stay in the village, get a job or economic business, have income and prosperous, so do not leave their village to work abroad become TKI. All stakeholders in this program need to cooperate in identifying problems, mapping the potential of natural resources, people, culture, and village economics to become capital for development of productive migrant village.

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