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International Journal of Social Service and Research
Published by Ridwan Institute
ISSN : 2807839X     EISSN : 28078691     DOI : 10.46799
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Education, Social,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
International Journal of Social Service and Research is a double-blind, peer-reviewed academic journal with open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly by Ridwan Institute. International Journal of Social Service and Research provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal, which can be examined empirically. The journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of Social Sciences, Contemporary Political Science, Educational Sciences, Religious Sciences, Economics, Engineering Sciences, Health Sciences and Design Arts Sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,047 Documents
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Rejection of Bankruptcy/PKPU Petitions Against Apartment Developers Following Sema No. 3 Of 2023: An Analysis of Legal Protection, Substantive Justice, and Legal Certainty for Unsecured Creditors Rusdinah Rusdinah; Evi Kongres
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1433

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the application of the simple evidentiary principle in bankruptcy cases and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) against apartment developers after the issuance of the Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 3 of 2023, as well as examine legal protection for concurrent creditors due to the rejection of bankruptcy applications or PKPU. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach through the analysis of Decision Number 10/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2022/PN Niaga Smg, Decision Number 320/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2022/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst, and Supreme Court Decision Number 1349 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2023. The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of the shift in the meaning of the simple evidentiary principle for apartment developers reviewed from the perspective of substantive justice and legal certainty and its implications for the protection of concurrent creditors. The results of the study show that before the enactment of Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 3 of 2023, the application of the simple proof principle focused on the fulfilment of the elements of the existence of more than one creditor and debts that have matured and can be collected as stipulated in Law Number 37 of 2004. However, after the enactment of Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 3 of 2023, the complexity of the legal relationship between developers and apartment buyers has become the main consideration, so that bankruptcy applications or PKPU tend to be considered as not meeting the simple evidentiary requirements.
Abuse of Authority in Tax Collection Through the Application of Tax Seizure (Gijzeling) by the Directorate General of Taxes Seselia Ongso; Evi Kongres
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1434

Abstract

This study discusses the authority of the Directorate General of Taxes (Direktorat Jenderal Pajak, Dirjen Pajak) in the process of tax collection through the application of tax hostage taking (gijzeling) and the legal consequences of its application if it is carried out based on tax collection that contains deviations of authority. The formulation of this research problem includes: how is the authority of the Director General of Taxes in the tax collection process through the application of gijzeling, and what are the legal consequences of the implementation of gijzeling carried out through tax collection which contains deviations of authority, in terms of legal certainty and legal protection of taxpayers. This study uses normative-empirical legal research methods with legislative, conceptual, and case study approaches. The results of the study show that the authority of the Director General of Taxes in implementing gijzeling is attribution authority given by laws and regulations as a tax collection instrument that can only be used after all material and procedural requirements determined by law are met. This condition results in legal uncertainty, reduced legal protection for taxpayers, and opens up the possibility of legal liability for government actions carried out illegally. This study concludes that the effectiveness of tax collection through gijzeling must be balanced with compliance with the principles of legality, proportionality, and accountability so that the implementation of tax authority does not develop into a form of abuse of authority that is detrimental to taxpayers.
Electricity Theft as an Economic Crime: Legal and Policy Analysis in Indonesia Martha Damita Palilu; Hendrik Salmon; Hadibah Wadjo
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1436

Abstract

This study examines electricity theft as an economic crime within the Indonesian legal framework, focusing on its legal implications, enforcement challenges, and impact on state financial interests. The background of this research is rooted in the increasing occurrence of electricity theft, which not only causes financial losses to PT PLN (Persero) but may also contribute to broader state financial losses due to its status as a state-owned enterprise managing public assets. The objective of this study is to analyze the criminal liability of electricity theft offenders and to evaluate the effectiveness of legal enforcement under Law Number 30 of 2009 concerning Electricity. The method used is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively to examine relevant legal norms, doctrines, and judicial interpretations. The results show that electricity theft is explicitly regulated as a criminal offense and should be treated as an economic crime affecting the public interest. However, enforcement practices in Indonesia tend to rely more on administrative sanctions through the Electricity Usage Control Program (P2TL), which reduces the deterrent effect of criminal law. The study concludes that stronger criminal enforcement, clearer legal interpretation of state financial loss, and the integration of modern monitoring technologies are necessary to improve electricity theft prevention and strengthen energy governance in Indonesia.
Implementation of Personal Data Protection Against Wrongful Ticketing in The Electronic Law Enforcement System Anthony Setiawan Eddy; Fajar Sugianto
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1437

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of artificial intelligence-based Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) in Indonesia and its implications for personal data protection, particularly in cases of wrongful ticketing. The background highlights the increasing use of automated decision-making systems in traffic law enforcement, which aims to improve efficiency and road safety, but also raises concerns regarding data accuracy, algorithmic errors, and citizens' privacy rights. This research aims to analyze the legal protection of personal data subjects within the ETLE system and evaluate the effectiveness of Undang-Undang No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection in addressing system-related errors. The research employs a normative juridical and empirical legal approach by analyzing statutory regulations, scholarly literature, and field-based implementation issues related to ETLE practices in Indonesia. The findings indicate that while ETLE has a strong legal foundation under traffic and data protection laws, its implementation still produces wrongful ticketing due to system inaccuracies, database mismatches, and limited algorithmic transparency. These weaknesses result in potential violations of personal data rights, including issues of accountability and fairness in automated enforcement. The study concludes that although the ETLE system is legally recognized, its operational framework requires stronger institutional oversight, improved data accuracy mechanisms, and enhanced transparency to ensure compliance with personal data protection principles. Strengthening regulatory enforcement, establishing an independent supervisory authority, and integrating correction and deletion mechanisms are essential to safeguard citizens' rights in AI-based law enforcement systems in Indonesia.
System Shift and Stress Testing a Systems Reading Tool for Detecting Pre Shift Vulnerability in Complex Organizations Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1438

Abstract

Organizations invest significant resources in measuring how well they are performing. However, almost no investment is made in measuring how close they are to the conditions under which that performance collapses. This research argues that this gap is not accidental but rather a structural feature of measuring normal conditions, which is epistemologically blind to the dynamics that precede systemic transitions. Drawing on process ontology and the Systems Shift Framework, we develop a cross-domain stress testing methodology the Systems Shift Stress Testing Framework (SS-STF) oriented not so much on scenario simulation as on the interrogation of assumptions: identifying the structural conditions that hold a system in its current configuration, the thresholds at which those conditions fail, and the organization's current proximity to those thresholds. The framework was developed across three organizational domains manufacturing, finance, and human capital and integrated through a composite instrument, the Transition Proximity Index (TPI). Governance implications are outlined, including reframing stress testing as an epistemological obligation at the board level rather than a mere compliance exercise. This paper contributes to systems theory, the organizational resilience literature, and governance studies.
Legal Study of Null Verdicts in the Context of Narcotics Abdul Azis Mustofa; Endang Sutrisno
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1439

Abstract

A court verdict is a statement issued by a judge in an open hearing, which is a guilty verdict, acquittal, acquittal, legal pardon, or an order to commit certain actions. These types of decisions or verdicts are regulated in Articles 65 and 66 of the 2023 Criminal Code. A null verdict or verdict is not explicitly contained in any law, so it is questionable about its legal certainty. This study aims to analyze judges' considerations in null verdicts to achieve legal certainty and analyze null verdicts based on the 2023 Criminal Code. The method applied was normative juridical by utilizing primary and secondary data as well as legal material triangulation validation techniques. The results of this study are that the decision is null and void starting from the judge's interpretation in interpreting article 67 of the Criminal Code, which if in the 2023 Criminal Code is in article 129. However, legal reform and harmonization need to be carried out to build more substantive legal certainty because it will have implications for legal systematics.
Legal Protection of Trade Secrets in a Business Portfolio Against Misuse by Former Employees: An Analysis of Judgment No. 1035/Pdt.G/2022/Pn.Jkt.Pst Henni Wijayanti; Syaela Rizkiah
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 6 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v6i6.1440

Abstract

In the rapidly evolving digital economy, business information such as marketing strategies, product designs, customer databases, and project portfolios possesses significant economic value due to its capacity to provide competitive advantages for business actors. This study analyzes the legal protection of Trade Secrets concerning the Van Houten Portfolio owned by PT Flux Asia Solusindo, which was unlawfully used by its former employee, as well as examines the application of law by the judges in Decision Number 1035/Pdt.G/2022/PN.Jkt.Pst. This research employs a normative juridical method using a statutory and case approach. The findings indicate that the defendant’s actions fulfilled the elements of trade secret infringement as stipulated under Article 13 of Law Number 30 of 2000 on Trade Secrets, as well as the elements of an unlawful act pursuant to Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code. However, the judges’ consideration, which relied solely on Article 1365 of the Civil Code as the legal basis for the decision, does not fully reflect the application of the principle of lex specialis derogat legi generali, whereby specific legal provisions should prevail over general provisions.

Page 105 of 105 | Total Record : 1047

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