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INDONESIA
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE
Published by Yayasan Pena Cendekia Insani
ISSN : 27985377     EISSN : 27985156     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Science, Education, Social,
Humanities Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science (IJCSS) is an International Journal covering various social science fields, including culture, sociology, communication, politics, and information literacy. All articles submitted in the English language.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 404 Documents
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INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION AS A STRATEGY FOR ENHANCING THE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS OF LOCAL HAND-DRAWN BATIK Vita Fajariani, Sukma; Utama, Mahendra Pudji
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1312

Abstract

This study examined the forms of international recognition within the Wukirsari hand-drawn batik ecosystem. The research identified multiple avenues through which artisans and small-scale producers gained global acknowledgment, including participation in international exhibitions, cooperation with foreign buyers for small-scale exports, coverage by foreign media and digital platforms, and recognition as intangible cultural heritage. Data were collected through qualitative observation and interviews with local batik stakeholders and analyzed using a theory-driven framework that linked recognition practices to social, economic, and cultural dimensions. The findings revealed that international exhibitions enhanced visibility and legitimacy, export cooperation strengthened economic resilience and network ties, media coverage amplified symbolic prestige, and heritage recognition preserved cultural identity while providing global validation. The study concluded that these interconnected forms of recognition collectively contributed to both the sustainability of local craftsmanship and the global positioning of Wukirsari batik. The results provide insights for policymakers, cultural institutions, and small-scale artisans seeking to strategically leverage international platforms for cultural and economic advancement.
ANALYSIS OF LAND OWNERSHIP RESTRICTIONS FOR FOREIGNERS ACCORDING TO INDONESIAN LAW AND THAILAND LAW Athaya, Syarifah Khaira; Astuti, Mirsa
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1317

Abstract

Land is a strategic resource closely linked to state sovereignty, public welfare, and economic stability. In the context of globalization and increasing foreign investment, Southeast Asian countries face the challenge of opening their property markets without undermining national interests. This study aims to analyze restrictions on foreign land ownership under Indonesian and Thai law and to compare the legal approaches of both countries. This research applies a normative legal method using statutory and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that Indonesia allows limited foreign access through use rights and condominium ownership, whereas Thailand maintains a stricter prohibition on direct land ownership by foreigners, allowing only narrow exceptions. Both countries seek to protect national land sovereignty but differ in their level of openness to foreign property investment.
OPTIMIZATION OF WITNESS AND VICTIM PROTECTION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF ACCESS TO JUSTICE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PROGRESSIVENESS OF INDONESIAN AND THAI LAW Tarigan, Gema Akbar; Rahmi , Atikah
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1319

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and compare the witness and victim protection systems in the criminal procedural law of Indonesia and Thailand. The main focus of this research is to understand how both countries regulate the protection of witnesses and victims and identify significant differences in their legal frameworks and implementation practices. In Indonesia, witness and victim protection is regulated by Law No. 13 of 2006, later amended by Law No. 31 of 2014, which provides rights to physical and psychological protection, legal assistance, and restitution. Despite having a clear legal framework, the implementation of protection in Indonesia faces significant challenges, such as limited resources for the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK), insufficient coordination among law enforcement agencies, and low public awareness of the rights of witnesses and victims. In contrast, Thailand, through the Witness Protection Act B.E. 2546, offers more participatory rights to victims by allowing them to engage in private prosecution, enabling victims to play an active role in the prosecution process. However, Thailand also faces similar challenges related to inter-agency coordination and resource limitations. This study concludes that although both countries have strong legal frameworks, witness and victim protection on the ground remains limited by practical and institutional factors. Recommendations for both countries include enhancing institutional capacity, improving inter-agency coordination, and expanding victim participation in the legal process to improve the effectiveness of witness and victim protection.
INTERFAITH MARRIAGE FROM A LEGAL PERSPECTIVE INDONESIA AND THAILAND: BETWEEN REGULATION AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION Pratiwi, Dea; Rahmi, Atikah
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1321

Abstract

Interfaith marriage is a social phenomenon that continues to grow in multicultural societies, but still raises legal debates regarding legal certainty and freedom of religion. This article aims to analyze the implementation of legal norms regarding interfaith marriage in social and institutional practices in Indonesia and Thailand, as well as to assess the extent to which legal regulations in both countries reflect a balance between legal certainty and freedom of religion. This study uses a normative legal research method with a regulatory, conceptual, and comparative approach. Data was obtained through a literature study of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which were then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study show that in Indonesia, interfaith marriages face significant legal obstacles because the marriage law system still uses religion as the basis for the validity of marriage, as stipulated in Law Number 1 of 1974. This condition creates legal uncertainty and encourages couples to pursue alternative strategies, such as applying for a court ruling or getting married abroad. In contrast, Thailand implements a more secular and administrative marriage law system, where the validity of marriage is determined through civil registration without requiring religious similarity, although in Muslim communities the role of the Islamic Religious Council remains influential socially and religiously. This study concludes that the regulation of interfaith marriage in Thailand is relatively more capable of balancing legal certainty and religious freedom compared to Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to reformulate marriage law policies in Indonesia to be more adaptive and inclusive in order to respond to the social reality of a pluralistic society without neglecting constitutional and social values.
THE LEGAL DILEMMA OF SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE ON THE PROTECTION OF WOMB RENTAL IN INDONESIA AND THAILAND Kusuma, Nadya Sandrina; Rahmi, Atikah Rahmi
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1322

Abstract

The practice of surrogacy is one of the implications of reproductive technology developments that raises complex legal issues, particularly regarding the validity of agreements and the legal status of children born as a result. In Indonesia, this practice is not specifically regulated in legislation, creating legal uncertainty for the parties involved. This study aims to analyze the legal status of surrogacy agreements and their legal implications for the status of the child born according to the perspectives of Indonesian and Thai law. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative and comparative law approach. Data were obtained through a literature study of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which were then analyzed qualitatively. The results show that in the Indonesian legal system, surrogacy agreements are considered contrary to the valid requirements for agreements in the Civil Code, the provisions of the Health Law, and the norms of morality and public order, and are therefore considered null and void. As a result, the legal status of children born from such practices is uncertain and they tend to be recognized only as the children of the woman who gave birth. In contrast, Thailand, through the Protection for Children Born through Assisted Reproductive Technologies Act B.E. 2558 (2015), has provided specific regulations that recognize surrogacy agreements under strict conditions and guarantee the legal status of children as legitimate children of the couple undergoing surrogacy. This study concludes that comprehensive legal regulations are needed in Indonesia to provide legal certainty and protection for the rights of children born through surrogacy practices.
CONTRIBUTION OF ACADEMIC SELF-CONCEPT, STUDENT DISCIPLINE AND LEARNING MOTIVATION TO STUDENTS' MATHEMATICS LEARNING OUTCOMES Suardiani, Ni Putu; Ardana, I Made; Suastika, I Nengah
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1325

Abstract

This study aims to describe and analyze the contribution of variables: (1) academic self-concept, (2) student discipline, (3) learning motivation, and (4) academic self-concept, student discipline, and learning motivation both simultaneously to the learning outcomes of Mathematics students in grade V of SDN Cluster II, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency. The sample in this study amounted to 124 students. The sample determination technique uses probability sampling/random sampling techniques. This research was designed in the form of ex post facto research. Data were collected using questionnaires on academic self-concept, student discipline, learning motivation and learning outcome documents. The data were analyzed by simple and multiple linear regression. Research results: (1) academic self-concept makes a positive and significant contribution to Mathematics learning outcomes with a regression coefficient of 0.449; (2) student discipline makes a positive and significant contribution to Mathematics learning outcomes with a regression coefficient of 0.379; (3) learning motivation makes a positive and significant contribution to Mathematics learning outcomes with a regression coefficient of 0.540; and (4) simultaneously, academic self-concept, student discipline, and learning motivation make a significant contribution to Mathematics learning outcomes with a determination coefficient of 96.6%, while the remaining 3.4% is influenced by other factors outside the research model. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that academic self-concept, student discipline, and learning motivation are factors that significantly contribute to Mathematics learning outcomes.
COMPARISON OF NATIONAL LAWS IN INDONESIA AND THAILAND REGARDING AIRLINE LIABILITY FOR FLIGHT DELAYS Sulastri; Riza, Faisal
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1327

Abstract

The aviation industry is one of the most important sectors to support mobility and increase economic growth, the tight flight schedule causes the emergence of several new problems, one of which is flight delay. For this reason, further research is needed regarding the airline's responsibility to passengers if a flight schedule delay occurs, in this case the researcher focuses on the regulations in force in Indonesia and Thailand. The purpose of this study is to determine the regulations in force in Indonesia and Thailand, and to find similarities and differences between the two regulations. This study uses a normative juridical research type with a Statute Approach, and a comparative approach (Comparative Approach). Data sources include revelation data (QS. Al-Mudassir: 38) and secondary data covering the schedule of flight accuracy and delays that occur in Indonesia and Thailand. The results of this study indicate that the regulations in force in Indonesia are regulated in Law Number 1 of 2009 and Regulation of the Minister of Transportation Number 89 of 2015 and Law Number 8 of 1999 while in Thailand it is regulated in the Civil Aviation Council Regulation No. 101 and the Consumer Protection Act (B.E. 2522 (1979)). Of the several similarities, the most important is that delays of more than 2 hours in Indonesia and Thailand both provide compensation in the form of free food and drinks for passengers, and the most important difference is that in Thailand for delays of more than 2 hours the airline is required to provide equipment for communication, while in Indonesia it is not required to provide communication equipment such as telephone or email.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR HEIRS IN CONTROL OF DIGITAL ASSETS IN THE FORM OF ELECTRONIC WALLET (E-WALLET) BALANCES Lumban Gaol, Parida; Wardhani, Novea Elysa; Istani; Evi
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i2.1328

Abstract

This research focuses on analyzing the status of e-wallet balances as part of inherited assets in the Indonesian inheritance law system amidst the rapid development of the digital economy. The main issues examined are the suitability of the concept of e-wallet balances with the construction of assets in civil law and the legal and technical obstacles faced by heirs in the process of acquiring them. This research uses a normative legal research method with a statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approach. Data were obtained through a literature review of laws and regulations, expert doctrines, court decisions, and relevant legal literature, then analyzed qualitatively and systematically. The results show that conceptually and legally, e-wallet balances qualify as intangible assets with economic value and are under the legal control of the heir, thus deserving of their status as part of inherited assets. However, the lack of explicit regulations regarding the inheritance of digital assets, coupled with strict personal data protection regimes and account security systems, creates legal uncertainty and practical obstacles for heirs in accessing e-wallet balances. The implications of this research emphasize the need for updating and harmonizing inheritance law regulations with personal data protection laws and digital financial services regulations, in order to create a digital asset inheritance mechanism that provides legal certainty, protects heirs' rights, and is responsive to technological developments.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE INHERITANCE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN BORN OUT OF WEDLOCK UNDER INDONESIA AND THAILAND LAW Zahra, Haura Kamila; Simatupang, Nursariani
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1334

Abstract

Illegitimate children are a social phenomenon that still occurs frequently and raises legal issues, particularly regarding the civil status and inheritance rights of children. Differences in legal systems between countries lead to differences in the treatment of illegitimate children, especially in determining their legal relationship with their parents and inheritance rights. This study discusses the criteria and inheritance rights of illegitimate children according to Indonesian and Thai law through a comparative legal approach. In Indonesian law, the status of children born out of wedlock is determined by their birth outside of a legal marriage and initially only has a legal relationship with the mother, while the relationship with the biological father only arises after recognition or proof of blood relations (Article 43 of Law No. 1 of 1974, Civil Code, and Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010). Meanwhile, Thai law automatically recognizes children born out of wedlock as legitimate children of the mother (Section 1546 CCC), but legal relations with the father and inheritance rights only arise through strict legitimation (Sections 1547–1548 CCC). This study uses a normative legal research method with a legislative approach, literature review, and qualitative analysis. The results of the analysis show that the main difference between the two legal systems lies in the mechanisms of recognition and legitimation: Indonesia emphasizes proof of descent and recognition to obtain inheritance rights, while Thailand requires formal legitimation for children born out of wedlock to obtain status and inheritance rights equal to legitimate children. Although different, both legal systems seek to protect the inheritance rights of children born out of wedlock.
BEYOND PROMOTION: CULTURAL PARADIPLOMACY AS A STRATEGY FOR BETAWI CULTURAL RESILIENCE IN JAKARTA Lagena, Ageu; Alam, Gilang Nur; Dermawan, Windy
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i2.1337

Abstract

Betawi culture in Jakarta faces accelerating marginalization due to globalization, urbanization, and digital homogenization, threatening its continuity. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using document analysis of policy papers, foreign cooperation reports, and digital archives, with content analysis and source triangulation to examine how the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta employs cultural paradiplomacy to strengthen the resilience of Betawi culture. The findings identify three mutually reinforcing mechanisms: representational that build international visibility and symbolic legitimacy; collaborative that mobilize multi-actor partnerships for community-based preservation; and transformational engagement that embeds cultural protection into urban governance through policy learning and institutional reform. Together, these mechanisms show that cultural paradiplomacy operates not only as city branding but as a multi-layered strategy for protecting vulnerable local heritage, offering lessons for other regions within Indonesia’s centralized foreign policy system.

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