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INDONESIA
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE
Published by Yayasan Pena Cendekia Insani
ISSN : 27985377     EISSN : 27985156     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Science, Education, Social,
Humanities Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science (IJCSS) is an International Journal covering various social science fields, including culture, sociology, communication, politics, and information literacy. All articles submitted in the English language.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 627 Documents
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NAHDLATUL ULAMA’S POLITICAL NEUTRALITY AND EDUCATIONAL ROLE IN THE 2024 NORTH SUMATRA GUBERNATORIAL ELECTION Febriani Br Ginting; Wirman Wirman; Aminuddin Aminuddin
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i3.1627

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of institutional neutrality by the North Sumatra Regional Board of Nahdlatul Ulama (PWNU) during the 2024 North Sumatra gubernatorial election, distinguish institutional neutrality from the individual political preferences of NU members, and identify the educational role of NU autonomous bodies in strengthening political literacy among Nahdliyin communities. The study employed a qualitative approach informed by a political sociology perspective. Data were collected through document analysis and in-depth interviews with informants representing PWNU, Muslimat NU, Fatayat NU, GP Ansor, and members of the Nahdliyin community. The findings indicate that PWNU North Sumatra sought to maintain institutional neutrality by reaffirming the principles of the 1926 NU Khittah, prohibiting the use of organizational symbols, attributes, facilities, and authority for campaign purposes, and requiring structural officials involved in campaign teams to temporarily suspend their organizational positions. These findings demonstrate that NU’s neutrality operates at the institutional level, while individual members retain the right to exercise their personal political preferences, provided that such choices are not made on behalf of the organization. At the same time, NU autonomous bodies perform an educational role through religious gatherings, voter education, anti-hoax initiatives, participatory election monitoring, civic-oriented cadre development, and value-based political outreach grounded in Aswaja an-Nahdliyah. However, the effectiveness of these educational activities is constrained by pressures from local political elites, tensions between NU’s cultural and structural dimensions, vote-buying practices, voters’ economic pragmatism, and disparities in democratic quality between urban and remote areas. This study contributes to the literature on local Islamic political sociology by demonstrating that religious mass organizations can simultaneously function as guardians of institutional neutrality and agents of political education within society. Nevertheless, the findings are limited to the experiences of the informants included in this study and therefore cannot be generalized to all NU organizational structures and Nahdliyin communities across North Sumatra.
PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES IN CHILDREN’S MORAL DEVELOPMENT AT AN ORPHANAGE Riska Aulia Firdianti; Mailin Mailin
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i3.1631

Abstract

Daarul Hamid Assalam Integrated Orphanage is a socio-religious institution that focuses on the care, education, and moral development of orphans through the internalization of Islamic values. This study aims to describe the persuasive communication approaches employed by orphanage administrators in instilling moral values, particularly among children who exhibit inappropriate behavior outside the orphanage environment. Persuasive communication is one of the approaches commonly applied in the moral development process. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that persuasive communication is implemented through role modeling, the provision of religious advice, and emotionally supportive, family-oriented approaches. These approaches were found to be effective in shaping the children’s character, although significant challenges remain, particularly the negative influence of the social environment outside the orphanage. The success of moral development is strongly influenced by the consistency of communication between the administrators and the children, as well as by the support provided by the children’s broader social environment.
TRI HITA KARANA-BASED SCHOOL LEADERSHIP: AN ENDIGENOUS FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP Adris Paulina Ahinoam
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i3.1613

Abstract

Contemporary educational leadership remains heavily influenced by Western technocratic and managerial paradigms that prioritize standardization and efficiency, often at the expense of cultural relevance, social cohesion, and ecological responsibility. This conceptual article addresses this lacuna by introducing Tri Hita Karana (THK) a Balinese philosophical triad as an endogenous and sustainable framework for school leadership. Grounded in the cosmological principles of harmony, THK posits that human well-being emerges from the balanced cultivation of three interconnected relationships: with the spiritual/moral realm (Parhyangan), with fellow human beings (Pawongan), and with the natural environment (Palemahan). We theorize these philosophical tenets into three actionable leadership dimensions moral stewardship, relational community-building, and ecological governance offering a holistic alternative to reductionist management models. The article's central theoretical contribution lies in its articulation of THK's endogeneity, whereby its deep cultural rootedness ensures authentic stakeholder engagement and contextual relevance, and its multidimensional sustainability, which simultaneously fosters ecological resilience, social equity, and cultural continuity. By challenging the universalist assumptions of imported reform agendas, the framework provides a values-driven, context-sensitive response to contemporary crises of educational alienation and environmental degradation. Ultimately, this article argues that THK-based leadership not only revitalizes indigenous wisdom but also enriches global leadership discourse by demonstrating how non-Western epistemologies can generate rigorous, actionable, and sustainable solutions for schools worldwide.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MERDEKA BELAJAR (FREEDOM TO LEARN) CURRICULUM POLICY AT SMP NEGERI 1 AIR BATU, ASAHAN REGENCY Yunita Sari Sirait; Yanhar Jamaluddin; Walid Musthafa Sembiring
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i3.1626

Abstract

The Merdeka Belajar (Freedom to Learn) Curriculum is a national education policy that grants schools flexibility to design learning oriented toward strengthening students' competencies and character. This article examines the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at SMP Negeri 1 Air Batu, Asahan Regency, in reference to Asahan Regent Regulation No. 1 of 2023. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Research informants consisted of the school principal, the vice principal, subject teachers, students, administrative staff, and parents. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification within the framework of Edward III's four implementation variables: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings indicate that implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at SMP Negeri 1 Air Batu has proceeded reasonably well, marked by a shift from teacher-centered to student-centered learning, the adoption of project-based learning, and the strengthening of the Pancasila Student Profile. Policy dissemination has been carried out through training and workshops, yet a number of teachers still encounter technical difficulties in preparing teaching modules and assessments. Learning-technology facilities remain unevenly distributed, implementers generally display a positive attitude, and school coordination is fairly supportive, although the flexibility inherent in the curriculum produces variation in its application across classrooms. The study recommends strengthening continuous mentoring for teachers and equalizing the distribution of learning-technology facilities.
COMPLIANCE ANALYSIS OF PROCUREMENT PLANNING (RUP) INPUT INTO THE GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT PLANNING INFORMATION SYSTEM (SIRUP): A STUDY OF MEDAN CITY GOVERNMENT (2023-2026) Jaka Priatama Ginting; Rudi Salam Sinaga; Indra Muda
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i3.1628

Abstract

Government procurement is one of the largest components of public expenditure and, as such, one of the fields most exposed to inefficiency, abuse of authority, and corruption. Indonesia has responded to this vulnerability by reforming its procurement system through digitalization, most notably the General Procurement Plan (RUP) and its electronic publication platform, the Procurement Planning Information System (SiRUP). This article examines the compliance of Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) within the Medan City Government in inputting and announcing RUP data into SiRUP over the 2023–2026 period, and identifies the factors that shape this compliance. Using a descriptive qualitative design informed by field observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed through Tom R. Tyler's (1990) compliance theory, the study finds that RUP announcement rates rose steadily from 94.97 percent in 2023 to 99.48 percent in 2026, alongside growth in the number of procurement packages and the value of published budget ceilings. Compliance is shown to be shaped by four interacting factors legitimacy, moral obligation, procedural justice, and social influence rather than by sanctions alone. The article concludes that sustaining high compliance requires continuous regulatory socialization, human-resource capacity building, a fair and accessible input procedure, and strong leadership and organizational support, coordinated by the Procurement Unit (UKPBJ).
JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE QUALIFICATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR CYBER CHILD GROOMING IN INDONESIA Magdalena Purbaningrum; Aristoteles; Yurika F Dewi; Putri Fransiska Purnama Pratiwi
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i3.1641

Abstract

Cyber child grooming is a form of modern sexual crime that develops along with the advancement of information technology, particularly through social media, messaging applications, and online games. This crime is carried out through a gradual approach to build emotional relationships, gain children’s trust, and lead to sexual exploitation. This study aims to analyze the juridical qualification of cyber child grooming in Indonesian legislation and to formulate the construction of criminal liability for perpetrators based on sentencing theory oriented toward child protection. The research method used is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results show that Indonesian positive law has not explicitly regulated cyber child grooming as an independent criminal offense. Its regulation is still scattered in the New Criminal Code, the Child Protection Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and the Sexual Violence Crime Law. This condition creates normative ambiguity, regulatory fragmentation, and legal uncertainty, especially at the early stage of grooming which mainly involves psychological manipulation. Perpetrators can still be held criminally responsible because they fulfill the elements of fault in the form of intent (dolus), unlawful acts, capacity for responsibility, and the absence of justification or excuse. Based on Article 51 of the New Criminal Code, punishment must be directed toward preventive, rehabilitative, and restorative purposes by placing child protection as the main priority. Therefore, national criminal law reform is needed to specifically regulate cyber child grooming as an independent offense in order to provide optimal legal protection for children in the digital space.
JURISDICTION FOR EXAMINING CASES IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE COURTS OF INDONESIA AND THAILAND Fatrisya Hadinda Sari; Benito Asdhie Kodiyat
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i3.1685

Abstract

The authority to examine cases in administrative courts serves as a benchmark for the extent to which a state can provide legal protection for citizens harmed by government actions or decisions. This study aims to analyze and compare the case-examination authority of the State Administrative Court (PTUN) in Indonesia with the Administrative Court in Thailand. This research employs a normative-juridical method with a statutory and comparative approach, supported by secondary data consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed descriptively-analytically. The results show that Indonesia's PTUN, based on Law Number 5 of 1986 in conjunction with Law Number 51 of 2009, adheres to a formal-adversarial mechanism within a tiered court structure under the Supreme Court, whereas Thailand's Administrative Court, based on the Act on Establishment of Administrative Courts and Administrative Court Procedure B.E. 2542 (1999), stands separate from the ordinary courts and adopts a more flexible inquisitorial examination style. In terms of effectiveness, the Indonesian system excels in procedural certainty and layered review, while the Thai system excels in the speed of dispute resolution and the breadth of legal protection for citizens. These differences are influenced by normative regulation, institutional structure, procedural approach, and pre-litigation requirements in each country. These findings are expected to serve as a consideration for reforming Indonesia's state administrative court procedural law toward a more responsive direction without sacrificing legal certainty.

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