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Jufriadif Na`am
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AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment)
Published by Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy
ISSN : 25810405     EISSN : 25810405     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29165
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) publishes papers on innovative applications, development of new technologies, and efficient solutions in agriculture, engineering, computing, economic, social, information technology, food, energy, and scientific research to improve knowledge and practice in the field of purposive community change: Rural and community development, geography and regional planning, rural cooperatives, community health; capacity building, social work, community empowerment, sustainable development, human resource development; social capital, economic development, urban studies, student community service activities, and relevant subjects. The Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food, and Energy (SAFE-Network) is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment). The objective of AJARCDE is to provide a forum for studying and applying research in community development and empowerment studies. This unique interdisciplinary journal covers a range of research methods, including: - Case studies - Comparative studies - Community-based participatory or action research - Examine community problem - Policy Analysis - Program evaluation - Survey research - Theory and model development
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,074 Documents
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Optimization of Patchouli Oil Extraction Using Microwave-Assisted Extraction: Effect of Particle Size and Power Nabilah Mukhni Syaviq; Azrifirwan; Omil Charmyn Chatib
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1118

Abstract

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) oil is Indonesia's flagship essential oil export commodity, yet its extraction faces persistent challenges of low yield, substandard quality, and high energy consumption. This study optimized patchouli oil extraction using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) through a completely randomized factorial design examining two particle sizes (fine: <5 mm; coarse: 20–50 mm) and two extraction power levels (700 W and 800 W), each replicated three times. Particle size significantly affected oil yield (p = 0.006) and working capacity (p = 0.006), while extraction power showed no significant effect. The coarse particle–800 W combination yielded the highest average yield (4.88%) and the lowest production cost (IDR 8,716.53/ml), while fine particle–800 W achieved the highest patchouli alcohol (PA) content (39.14%). All treatments exceeded the SNI 06-2385-2006 minimum PA requirement of 30%. A regression model was derived: y = 4.657 + 0.040x=0.001x2 (R² = 0.5983). The coarse particle–800 W treatment is identified as the technically and economically optimal condition for MAE-based patchouli extraction. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic GrowthSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
Empowerment of the Younger Generation through the Application of Stem Cutting Technology and the Four Pillars of Robusta Coffee Cultivation in Pupuan Village, Tabanan Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang; I Gede Pasek Mangku; Ni Luh Putu Indiani; Naori Miyazawa
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1123

Abstract

Robusta coffee productivity in Pupuan Village, Tabanan Regency, has not yet reached its optimal potential. The main obstacle lies in the use of conventional seed-based seedlings, which cause high genetic variability due to the self-incompatible nature of Robusta coffee. To address this, the Community Engagement program focuses on empowering the younger generation by transferring vegetative propagation technology (stem cuttings) and implementing the Four Pillars of Cultivation Technology. This program involved 30 students from SMA Negeri 1 Pupuan as target partners. Quantitative evaluation using pre- and post-test instruments showed significant changes in knowledge, with students' technical understanding scores increasing by 33.87% (p < 0.001) after the intervention. As a tangible result, participants demonstrated a deep understanding of the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for stem-cutting propagation, including orthotropic shoot selection, the application of natural Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) such as shallot extract, and microclimate regulation. To ensure sustainability, a collective Action Plan is needed that engages the younger generation in selecting and implementing this technology. This step is expected to encourage increased coffee plantation productivity in the future while strengthening the regeneration of young farmers. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG   2: Zero HungerSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate ActionSDG 15: Life on Land
Study of Methanol Concentration and Refining Temperature on the Characteristics of Methyl Ester Sulfonate from Waste Cooking Oil Hanjani Putri; Neswati -Neswati; Lisa Rahayu
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1135

Abstract

Waste cooking oil is often disposed of carelessly, causing environmental pollution. Waste cooking oil still contains high levels of triglycerides, so it can be used in making surfactants. One environmentally friendly surfactant that can be derived from waste cooking oil is methyl ester sulfonate (MES). MES produced from the sulfonation process still contains di-salt. Di-salt can be reduced through a purification process. This research aimed to obtain the best methanol concentration and purification temperature for the characteristics of waste cooking oil. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) factorial. The study used methanol concentrations of 40 %, 45 %, and 50 %, with purification temperatures of 45 °C, 50 °C, and 55 °C. The best outcome was obtained at a methanol concentration of 50% and a purification temperature of 55 °C, with characteristics including density 0.8626 g/mL, viscosity 2.3739 mPs, acid number 1.04 mg KOH/g, saponification number 152.87 mg KOH/g, and emulsion stability of 100%.
Role of pH and Kepok Banana Peel Pectin in ?--Tricalcium Phosphate Formation from Windowpane Oyster (Placuna placenta) Shells Muhammad Taqiyyuddin; Fransisca Adya Zahiroh; Luluk Edahwati; Nur Ikhtiarini; Srie Muljani; Reva Edra Nugraha
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1137

Abstract

?--tricalcium phosphate (?--TCP) has potential as a bone material because it is biodegradable, biocompatible, bioresorbable, and osteoconductive. This study aims to synthesize ?-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP) from windowpane oyster shells and to determine the effect of adding kepok banana peel pectin on particle size and pH on the Ca/P ratio. Synthesis was performed with pH variations ranging from 9 to 11 and pectin concentrations of 0.08-0.16%, using a sintering time of 3 hours at 1100ºC via the precipitation method. The resulting ?-tricalcium phosphate was characterized using XRF, FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses. XRF results showed that variations in pH and pectin concentration affected the Ca/P ratio. All samples had a Ca/P ratio higher than the ?-TCP standard (1.5). XRD analysis revealed the formation of peaks identical to the JCPDS ?-TCP standard no. 09-0169. However, the formation of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), hydroxyapatite (HAp), and calcium oxide (CaO) phases was also observed in the results of this study. XRD analysis yielded an average crystal size of 37.48 nm and a degree of crystallinity of 53.55%. FTIR results for all samples showed characteristic phosphate group bands consistent with the ?-TCP phase. SEM characterization showed that at pH 10 with the addition of 0.12% pectin, the morphology ranged from semi-spherical to granular with relatively uniform particle size and low agglomeration, with an average particle size of 1.8237 ?m and a PDI of 0.08. The sample at pH 10 and a concentration of 0.12% exhibited the highest crystallinity and the smallest particle size. Although the Ca/P ratio did not meet the standard, it was 2.03, the XRD and FTIR test results confirmed the presence of phases and groups identical to those found in ?-TCP. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 3: Good Health and Well-BeingSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate ActionSDG 14: Life Below Water
Hydrolysis of Banana Stems with Sulfuric Acid Catalyst Muhammad Dhafa Putra Alansyah; Caecilia Pujiastuti; Sani Sani; Suprihatin Suprihatin
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1141

Abstract

Banana stems are agricultural waste with high lignocellulose content, making them a potential raw material for glucose production. This study aimed to determine the effect of sulfuric acid (H?SO?) concentration and hydrolysis time on the resulting glucose content. Prior to hydrolysis, delignification was performed using a 15% hydrogen peroxide (H?O?) solution. Hydrolysis was conducted at 100°C, varying H?SO? concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%) and hydrolysis times (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes). The hydrolysis products were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while the hydrolysate was analyzed using a refractometer to determine total solids (°Brix) as an estimate of sugar content. The results indicated that increasing both hydrolysis time and H?SO? concentration generally led to higher glucose yields. The highest glucose content, 15.2%, was achieved at an H?SO? concentration of 7% with a hydrolysis time of 20 minutes. Further increases in acid concentration or hydrolysis time did not result in higher estimated glucose levels, likely due to glucose degradation. The findings demonstrate that H?SO? concentration and hydrolysis time play a crucial role in the conversion of cellulose to glucose, highlighting the potential of banana stems as an alternative raw material for glucose production. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 2: Zero HungerSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate ActionSDG 15: Life on Land
Glycolysis-Mediated Depolymerization of Plastic Waste to Terephthalic Acid: Mechanisms and Technological Benchmarks Adisti Putri Armadi; Kun Prasasti Tungga Dewi; Silvana Dwi Nurherdiana; Sintha Soraya Santi; Srie Muljani; Lilik Suprianti
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1152

Abstract

This review systematically evaluates glycolysis-mediated depolymerization configurations to establish kinetic benchmarks for terephthalic acid (TPA) recovery, comparing conventional thermal heating against microwave-assisted routes utilizing Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES). Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we analyze the operating parameters, degradation mechanisms, monomer yields, and carbon emission profiles to map the thermodynamic and mass transport boundaries of both pathways. The synthesized data reveals that microwave-assisted configurations achieve intense kinetic acceleration, enabling 100% polymer conversion within a highly compressed duration of 3.5 to 10 minutes by delivering uniform volumetric heating that bypasses traditional conductive resistance. Furthermore, integrating DES systems utilizing thiourea-based hydrogen bond donors optimizes charge density and coordination, pushing peak TPA yields up to 80.66%, which significantly outperforms conventional urea-based alternatives. However, from an environmental standpoint, the microwave-assisted system generates a higher carbon footprint of 0.364 tons of CO? per year compared to the 0.269 tons of CO? per year produced by simpler thermal techniques. While microwave-assisted DES glycolysis offers an expedited pathway for circular resource recovery, its practical industrial scale-up remains constrained by severe technical trade-offs, localized electrical arcing risks, thermal tracking lags, and elevated carbon loads. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure|SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate Action
Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Phosphate-Based Material Containing P and K Based on Acetylene Gas Waste Raw Material Using Dissolution and Precipitation Methods Citra Siwi Estiningtyas; Apprinda Wahyudyah Winali; Srie Muljani; Suprihatin Suprihatin; Ely Kurniati
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1154

Abstract

Acetylene gas waste possesses considerable potential for reutilization because of its high calcium content, although inadequate management may lead to adverse environmental effects. This research was conducted to synthesize and characterize multinutrient phosphate-based materials derived from acetylene gas waste through dissolution and precipitation techniques. The synthesis involved reacting calcium hydroxide obtained from acetylene gas waste with phosphoric acid (H?PO?), followed by a precipitation process using NH?OH and KOH solutions. The experimental variables included pH values ranging from 7 to 11 and H?PO? concentrations between 15% and 55%. Characterization of the synthesized products was performed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to evaluate elemental composition, crystal morphology, and crystalline structures. The findings revealed that higher pH values and increased H?PO? concentrations had a significant influence on both the yield and quality of the precipitated products. The maximum yield of 90% was achieved at an H?PO? concentration of 55% and pH 10. SEM observations revealed that the products exhibited a finer, more homogeneous crystal morphology, while XRF analysis confirmed that calcium was the dominant element, accompanied by phosphorus and potassium, indicating the successful synthesis of calcium phosphate-based materials. Furthermore, XRD analysis confirmed the formation of crystalline calcium phosphate compounds. Overall, the study highlights the potential application of acetylene gas waste as an alternative raw material for the production of sustainable and environmentally friendly phosphate fertilizers. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate Action
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Modified Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract for Mercury (Hg2+) Colorimetric Sensing Arah Guntur Guntur; Akmalia Dinda Oktavianta Oktavianta; Ketut Sumada; Sani Sani; Caecilia Pujiastuti
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1156

Abstract

Mercury (Hg2+) contamination is a serious environmental issue due to its toxicity and persistence. This study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a capping agent, and evaluates their application as a colorimetric sensor for Hg2+. detection. AgNPs were synthesized using varying AgNO3 (0.5–2.5 mM) and PVA (0.1–1.0%) concentrations and characterized by FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy. FTIR confirmed functional groups involved in the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0, while UV–Vis spectra showed LSPR peaks at 411–448.5 nm, indicating successful nanoparticle formation. The optimum condition was obtained at 2 mM AgNO3 and 0.4% PVA, with a maximum absorbance of 0.710 at 435.5 nm. The AgNPs exhibited a clear colorimetric response to Hg2+, changing from yellowish-brown to colorless. These results highlight the potential of A. paniculata-based AgNPs as an eco-friendly and cost-effective sensor for mercury detection.
Physicochemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Fruit Leather Made from Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) and Soursop (Annona muricata Linn) Juice with the Addition of Hydrocolloids Rachmawati Nurma Fatikhah Nur; Ulya Sarofa; Hadi Munarko
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1164

Abstract

Fruit leather is a semi-moist, fruit-based food product in the form of thin, rollable sheets, produced through the drying of fruit pulp or juice. The use of kecombrang and soursop fruits with the addition of hydrocolloids is expected to enhance the functional value while improving the texture of fruit leather. This study aims to determine the effect of the proportions of kecombrang and soursop juices with the addition of hydrocolloids on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of fruit leather. This study used a two factor Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with two replicates. Factor I was the ratio of kecombrang and soursop juices (70:30, 60:40, and 50:50), while Factor II was the addition of hydrocolloids (1% CMC, 0.3% ?-carrageenan, and 1.5% gum arabic). The results of this study show that the proportions of kecombrang and soursop juices with the addition of hydrocolloids, affect the physicochemical characteristics of fruit leather. The best treatment analysis was conducted by assigning the highest weight to tensile strength and the highest level of panelist acceptance of the fruit leather’s texture. The best treatment was obtained with a 60:40 ratio of kecombrang and soursop juice with the addition of 1% CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose). Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 2: Zero HungerSDG 3: Good Health and Well-beingSDG 9: Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
Chemical and Sensory Characteristics of Chicken and Purple Yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Snack Bars with Added Seaweed Feby Salsabilla; Dedin F. Rosida
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1175

Abstract

Snack bars are a type of ready-to-eat food product that is convenient, compact, and suitable as a snack. Snack bars are generally made from plant-based ingredients such as grains, nuts, and dried fruit, while the use of animal protein sources remains relatively limited. In addition, purple yam can be used as a source of carbohydrates that is rich in fiber and contains antioxidants beneficial to health. The production of snack bars requires a binding agent, one of which is seaweed containing carrageenan, which serves to improve texture quality, making the product more compact. This study aims to determine the effect of the proportions of purple yam flour and dried chicken meat, with the addition of seaweed, on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of snack bars. This study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors: Factor I—the ratio of purple yam flour to dried chicken meat (55:45, 40:60, 25:75)—and Factor II—seaweed content (20%, 30%, 40%). The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by a DMRT post-hoc test at the 5% significance level. The optimal treatment was found in the treatment with a 45:55 ratio of purple yam flour to dried chicken meat and 40% seaweed. This treatment resulted in snack bars with a moisture content of 14.58%, ash content of 4.4%, fat content of 16.12%, protein content of 28.17%, carbohydrate content of 35.99%, and dietary fiber 8.74%. The hedonic organoleptic characteristics were as follows: color 3.5; aroma 4.0; texture 3.7; and flavor 3.9. The snack bars produced are expected to serve as a highly nutritious, functional snack alternative made from local food ingredients. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 2: Zero HungerSDG 3: Good Health and Well-beingSDG 9: Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

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