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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KONSENTRASI SUSU SAPI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP KUALITA`S SOYGHURT Jayanti, Septi; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Iswari, Retno Sri
Life Science Vol 4 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Pembuatan tempe yang memerlukan banyak air menyebabkan banyaknya limbah cair yang dihasilkan, salah satunya yaitu rebusan kedua kedelai. Limbah cair tersebut masih mengandung banyak senyawa-senyawa organik seperti protein, karbohidrat, lemak, dan minyak., sehingga masih dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar minuman seperti yoghurt kedelai atau soyghurt. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh konsentrasi susu dan waktu fermentasi terhadap kadar total asam laktat, jumlah bakteri asam laktat soyghut, dan tingkat kesukaan masyarakat. Konsentrasi susu sapi yang digunakan yaitu 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Sedangkan waktu fermentasinya yaitu 4, 6, 8, dan 10 jam. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan 12 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar asam laktat tertinggi terdapat pada soyghurt dengan penambahan susu sapi sebanyak 30% dengan waktu fermentasi 10 jam. Jumlah bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dari tiap perlakuan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Hasil uji organoleptik didapatkan soyghurt dengan penambahan susu sapi 30% dengan waktu fermentasi 10 jamÂ paling disukai oleh panelis.Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi susu sapi dan waktu fermentasi berpengaruh terhadap kadar asam laktat dan tingkat kesukaan masyarakat tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah bakteri asam laktatÂ Making tempe that require a lot of water caused many wastewater produced, one of which is both soybean stew. The liquid waste still contains a lot of organic compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and oils., So that they can be used as a basic ingredient of beverages such as soy yogurt or soyghurt. This study aims to determine how the effect of milk concentration and time of fermentation on total levels of lactic acid, the amount of lactic acid bacteria soyghut, and the level of community preferences. Concentration of cow's milk used are 10%, 20%, and 30%. While the fermentation time is 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours. The method used in this research is experimental research with 12 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that the highest levels of lactic acid found in cow's milk soyghurt with the addition of as much as 30% with a fermentation time of 10 hours. Moderate to BAL number of every treatment there is no significant difference. From the results obtained soyghurt organoleptic test by the addition of 30% cow's milk fermentation time of 10 hours panelis. From most favored by these results we can conclude that the addition of cow's milk concentration and fermentation time effect on lactic acid levels and A levels of society but does not affect the amount of lactic acid bacteriaÂ Making tempe that require a lot of water caused many wastewater produced, one of which is both soybean stew. The liquid waste still contains a lot of organic compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and oils., So that they can be used as a basic ingredient of beverages such as soy yogurt or soyghurt. This study aims to determine how the effect of milk concentration and time of fermentation on total levels of lactic acid, the amount of lactic acid bacteria soyghut, and the level of community preferences. Concentration of cow's milk used are 10%, 20%, and 30%. While the fermentation time is 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours. The method used in this research is experimental research with 12 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that the highest levels of lactic acid found in cow's milk soyghurt with the addition of as much as 30% with a fermentation time of 10 hours. Moderate to BAL number of every treatment there is no significant difference. From the results obtained soyghurt organoleptic test by the addition of 30% cow's milk fermentation time of 10 hours panelis. From most favored by these results we can conclude that the addition of cow's milk concentration and fermentation time effect on lactic acid levels and A levels of society but does not affect the amount of lactic acid bacteria

TOKSISITAS LETAL AKUT LIMBAH CAIR TENUN TROSO TERHADAP IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio L.) Nuha, Agus Ulin; Martin H. B, F. Putut; Mubarok, Ibnul
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Tenun Troso merupakan salah satu industri tekstil di Jepara yang cukup dikenal dan produktif. Selama ini banyak di antara home industry yang tidak mengolah limbah dan langsung membuang limbah yang dihasilkan ke parit-parit dan sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai derajat toksisitas LC50-96 jam limbah cair tenun Troso terhadap ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L.). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, sampel limbah cair tenun Troso diuji toksisitas LC50-96 jam pada ikan mas. Data toksisitas LC50-96 jam diambil dengan menghitung mortalitas ikan mas pada setiap konsentrasinya, kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis Probit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai LC50-96 jam limbah cair tenun Troso terhadap ikan mas sebesar 2,3%. Besarnya konsentrasi limbah cair mempengaruhi jumlah mortalitas ikan mas. Kematian ikan ditandai dengan adanya perubahan perilaku seperti perubahan aktivitas gerak, keseimbangan tubuh, ram jet ventilation, produksi mukus, perubahan warna morfologi. Troso woven is one of the textile industry at Jepara which well-known and productive. During this time many of the home industry did not treat waste and dispose of the waste directly into ditches and rivers. This study aims to determine the degree toxicity (LC50-96 hours) of tenun Troso waste water against carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). This study was an experimental study, samples of tenun Troso waste water tested the toxicity LC50-96 hours on carp. The data of LC50-96 toxicity taken with counting carp mortality at each concentration, and then analyzed with probit analysis. Based on the results, the value LC50-96 hours tenun Troso waste water against carp is 2.3%. The concentration of waste water affects the amount of mortality of carp. The death of fish can be marked by behavioral changes such as changes in motor activity, balance, ram jet ventilation, mucus production, morphologic changes color.

ANALISIS PROSES PEMBUATAN TEMPE MELALUI CARA PRODUKSI HIGIENIS DAN PENDEKATAN MOLEKULER Nugraini, Anisa Ratna; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Mustikaningtyas, Dewi
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Hampir semua tahapan pembuatan tempe merupakan tahap kritikal, sehingga dalam pembuatannya perlu menerapkan prinsip hieginis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ada tidaknya kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli pada tempe segar dan untuk memprediksi kemungkinan faktor penyebab kontaminasi tersebut di sentra industri tempe Semarang Barat. Observasi dilakukan pada 17 industri tempe di Semarang Barat. Pengujian molekuler secara berturut-turut dilakukan dengan isolasi DNA, analisis DNA menggunakan primer 16E1/E2, dan uji mikrobiologi menggunakan medium Endo Agar. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, 16 industri tempe teridentifikasi ada bakteri E.coli. Satu industri tempe tidak teridentifikasi ada bakteri E.coli. Hal ini ada hubungannya terhadap diterapkannya cara produksi higienis. Hasil yang diperoleh dari isolasi DNA, 17 sampel menghasilkan konsentrasi DNA sebesar 26,250-903,350 ng/Âµl pada kemurnian DNA sebesar 1,521-1,946. Hasil analisis DNA menggunakan primer 16E1/16E2 pada elektroforesis gel agaros, 16 sampel menunjukkan pita DNA sebesar 584 bp. Hasil uji mikrobiologi pada medium Endo Agar, 16 sampel positif E.coli dengan menunjukkan koloni merah metalik. Kontaminasi bakteri E.coli pada tempe segar diduga berasal dari proses produksi tidak dengan dua kali perebusan, lingkungan sekitar dan pekerja. Almost all phases in tempe production is critical stage, so it is need to apply the hygienic principle. This study attempts to identify the presence of Escherichia coli contamination in fresh tempe and to predict the possibility of factor that responsible in E.coli contamination in fresh tempe produced by tempe industry in Western Semarang. This research started with isolating DNA sample, and then analyzing the DNA with PCR method using 16E1/E2 primer, and later, microbiologically confirmation test using Endo Agar medium. The observation is conducted in 17 industries in Western Semarang. The results from isolating the DNA of 17 tempe samples produce DNA concentration of 26,250-903,350 ng/Âµl, while the DNA purity is 1,521-1,946. The results of DNA analysis using 16 E1/E2 primer showed that 16 tempe samples displayed DNA tape of 584 bp.The results of microbiologic test showed that 16 tempe samples positively E.coli-contaminated which identified by having a metallic pink colony in Endo Agar medium. Based on the results from observation, 16 industries is identified by having E.coli in the producted tempe because yet to apply hygienic production. As described above, E.coli contamination came from the environment, the worker, and the production process is not with boiling twice.

PENGGUNAAN EM4 DAN MOL LIMBAH TOMAT SEBAGAI BIOAKTIVATOR PADA PEMBUATAN KOMPOS W, Deasy Amalia; Widiyaningrum, Priyantini
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Penggunaan bioaktivator dalam proses pengomposan berfungsi untuk mempercepat degradasi bahan organik, sehingga diharapkan mempercepat waktu terbentuknya kompos dengan kriteria yang diinginkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk : (a) mengetahui fluktuasi suhu, kelembaban dan pH harian pada proses pengomposan menggunakan bioaktivator MOL limbah tomat dan EM4, serta (b) mengetahui kualitas fisik dan kimia kompos yang dihasilkan. Penelitian didesain eksperimen lapang menggunakan rancangan acak dua perlakuan dengan 10 ulangan pengamatan. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah penggunaan bioaktivator MOL limbah tomat dan EM4. Bahan baku kompos terdiri dari sampah daun dan kotoran kambing dengan perbandingan 3:2, dan proses pengomposan berlangsung selama 3 minggu. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter fisik kompos kedua perlakuan memperoleh skor 30 pada masing-masing kriteria warna,bau dan tekstur. Parameter kimia (kadar air, pH, C/N rasio, P2O5 dan K2O) pada kompos dengan MOL limbah tomat berturut-turut : kadar air 58,3%; pH 7,26, C/N rasio 13,98, P2O5 0,38 dan K2O 0.05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan grafik fluktuasi suhu, kelembaban dan pH harian menunjukkan proses pengomposan berlangsung normal, Dalam waktu 3 minggu, parameter fisik (warna, bau, tekstur) dan parameter kimia khususnya C/N rasio kompos telah memenuhi standar kualitas menurut kriteria SNI 19-7030-2004. Utilization of bioactivator in the composting process aims to accelerate the degradation of organic materials, so the compost is mature more quickly and according to the criteria expected. The purpose of this study was to: (a) know the daily fluctuations in temperature, humidity and pH on the composting process using local microorganisms (MOL) of tomatoes waste and EM4, and (b) know the physical and chemical quality of the compost produced. This study was field experiment using randomized design with two treatments and 10 replications. The treatment is applied is the addition of bioactivator MOL of tomatoes waste and EM4. Compost material consisting of leaves garbage and goat manure with ratio of 3 : 2. The composting process is conducted for 4 weeks. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that physical parameters of compost (colour, smell and texture) of both treatment obtained a score of 30 on each criteria. The chemical parameters on the compost with MOL of tomatoes waste, respectively: water content 58.3%; pH 7.26, C/ N ratio 13.98, P2O5 0.38%. and K2O 0.05%). The study concluded based on the graph daily fluctuations in temperature, humidity and pH, indicating that the composting process is running normally. Within 4 weeks, the physical and chemical parameters of the compost has fulfilled quality standards according to the criteria of SNI 19-7030-2004.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TEPUNG IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) TERHADAP BAKTERI PATOGEN PANGAN Sari, Dewi Eka; Primiani, Cicillia Novi; ., Pujiati
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya aktivitas antibakteri Tepung Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) terhadap bakteri patogen pangan. Metode penelitian eksperimen, menentukan aktivitas antibakteri metode sumur difusi. Konsentrasi tepung ikan gabus yang digunakan yaitu 0,5%, 0,75%, dan 1% menggunkan 2 bakteri patogen pangan E.coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dan kontrol. Indikator antibakteri dilihat melalui diameter zona hambat yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan zona hambat pada pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli dan Staphylococcus aureus diameter 1mm konsentrasi tepung ikan gabus 1%. Hasil analisis data menggunakan SPSS Versi 16 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, menunjukkan uji aktivitas antibakteri tepung ikan gabus (Channa striata) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri patogen E.coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Simpulan penelitian yaitu perlakuan konsentrasi 1% tepung ikan gabus (Channa striata) lebih efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen pangan E.coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dibandingkan dengan perlakuan konsentrasi 0,5% dan 0,75%. The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not the antibacterial activity of Fish Meal Cork (Channa striata) against pathogenic bacteria of food. Experimental research methods, determine the antibacterial activity of the well diffusion method. The concentration of fish meal cork used are 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% use the 2 food pathogenic bacteria E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus and control. Antibacterial indicator seen through the resulting inhibition zone diameter. The results showed inhibition zone on the growth of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus 1mm diameter cork concentrations of fish meal 1%. The results of data analysis using SPSS version 16, with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05, showed antibacterial activity test flour catfish (Channa striata) significantly affects the growth of pathogenic bacteria E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The conclusions of research that the treatment concentration of 1% fishmeal cork (Channa striata) is more effective in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus food compared to the treatment concentration of 0.5% and 0.75%.

STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN VEGETASI EKOSISTEM GUNUNG PASCA KEBAKARAN DI UNGARAN, INDONESIA Armanda, Dian Triastari; Saputro, Andi Rahajo; Khoir, Anni Zulfatul
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Kebakaran pada area vegetasi Gunung Ungaran pada Agustus 2015 dilaporkan sebagai kebakaran terbesar dari lima kali kebakaran yang terjadi 16 tahun terakhir. Kebakaran tersebut merusak sedikitnya 15 hektar kawasan vegetasi yang merupakan habitat berbagai satwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman vegetasi pada suksesi vegetasi ekosistem Gunung Ungaran pasca kebakaran tersebut serta menganalisis strategi pengelolaan vegetasi Gunung Ungaran yang bisa dikembangkan di masa depan dengan mempertimbangkan tiga pilar pembangunan berkelanjutan, yaitu aspek lingkungan, ekonomi, dan sosial masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran (kuantitiatif dan kualitatif) melalui analisis vegetasi, faktor lingkungan vegetasi, serta wawancara masyarakat. Karakter bioekologi pada lokasi terbakar yang menampilkan indeks keanekaragaman tumbuhan tingkat tinggi (Spermatophyta dan Pterydophyta) maupun tumbahan tingkat rendah (Bryophyta) yang sangat rendah (Hâ€™1=-1,162 dan Hâ€™2=-0,00021) membuktikan suksesi masih terus berlangsung. Secara lingkungan, berkurangnya debit air menjadi dampak berkurangnya vegetasi pasca kebakaran. Secara sosial, masyarakat terdekat dengan hutan yang terbakar tergolong masyarakat yang memiliki keterbatasan strata pendidikan namun masih menjunjung tinggi kearifan lokal. Secara ekonomi, masyarakat ini tergolong pada ekonomi lemah. Skenario strategi yang paling mungkin dikembangkan pada area kebakaran adalah percepatan pemulihan dampak pasca kebakaran melalui percepatan suksesi vegetasi. Percepatan suksesi dapat dilakukan dengan reboisasi dengan jenis-jenis tumbuhan kayu menahun yang mampu menyediakan cadangan air dalam jumlah tinggi serta reboisasi area batas hutan dengan pemukiman dengan jenis-jenis tumbuhan bernilai ekonomisekaligus mampu menghalau kehadiran hewan liar ke rumah penduduk. Fire in the Mount of Ungaran vegetation area in August 2015 was reported as the biggest of five fires occurred in the last 16 years. The fire damaged at least 15 hectares of vegetation whereas habitat for various animals. This study aims to determine the level of vegetation diversity on vegetation succession in the Ungaran Mount ecosystems and analyze the post-fire vegetation management strategies which could be developed in the future. It compromise the three pillars of sustainable development, namely environmental, economic, and social community aspect. This study used a mixed-method approach (quantitative and qualitative) through the analysis of vegetation and its environmental factors, as well as community interviews. Bioecological character of the burned site displayed the very low level of diversity index of higher plants (Spermatophyta and Pterydophyta) and lower plants (Bryophyta) (H'1= -1.162 and H'2= -0.00021). It proved the initial stage of natural succession and the need of succession acceleration in this area. Environmental impacts of the fire was reduced water discharge and the lost of vegetation area which was animals habitat. Most local people who lived near the burned area had insufficient educational background and financial power. But, they still uphold local wisdom. The most desirable scenario strategy developed in the fire area is accelerating recovery after the impact of the fire through the acceleration of vegetation succession. Acceleration can be done with the reforestation using the species of chronic timber plants which capable to provide abundant amounts of water reserves. Reforestation also needed in the forest border area near the settlements using some types of economic valuable plants which also able to banish the wild animals.

ANALISIS MORFOMETRIK DAN MERISTIK HASIL PERSILANGAN IKAN PELANGI BOESEMANI (Melanotaenia boesemani) DAN IKAN PELANGI MERAH ABNORMAL (Glossolepis incisus) Afini, Irsyah; Elfidasari, Dewi; Kadarini, Tutik; Musthofa, Siti Zuhriyyah
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Ikan pelangi merupakan jenis ikan hias air tawar yang diminati masyarakat, diantaranya adalah ikan pelangi boesemani dan ikan pelangi merah. Kedua jenis ikan tersebut merupakan ikan endemik yang berasal dari Irian Jaya dan termasuk kelompok ikan yang terancam punah. Tingginya minat masyarakat terhadap ikan pelangi menyebabkan breeder melakukan usaha budidaya dengan cara persilangan. Ikan hasil persilangan memiliki karakter fenotip yang khas meliputi, warna, bentuk, morfometrik dan meristik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variasi morfologi, karakter morfometrik dan meristik serta pola pertumbuhan individu ikan hasil persilangan antara ikan pelangi boesemani normal (jantan) dan ikan pelangi merah abnormal (betina). Pengukuran 30 karakter morfometrik dan meristik dilakukan terhadap ikan dewasa (hidup) yang berusia 9 bulan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis komponen utama (PCA), analisis perbandingan karakter meristik, analisis hubungan panjang-berat. Hasil PCA menunjukkan perbedaan karakter dan ciri khas morfometrik tertentu antara ikan hasil persilangan yang normal dan abnormal. Hasil analisis perbandingan karakter meristik menunjukkan bahwa kisaran nilai setiap karakter meristik tidak berbeda jauh dengan hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil analisis hubungan panjang-berat menunjukkan bahwa ikan jantan normal bersifat allometrik positif, sedangkan ikan jantan abnormal dan ikan betina (normal-abnormal) bersifat allometrik negatif. Perbedaan dalam setiap parameter ini disebabkan oleh perbedaan bentuk dari tubuh ikan akibat keabnormalan. Rainbow fish is species of freshwater fish that interest the public, such as the boesemani rainbow fish and red rainbow fish. Both of these fishes are endemic fish from Irian Jaya and includes a group of endangered fish. The high of public interest cause a rainbow fish breeders to do cultivation by crossing way. The fish from crosses have distinctive phenotypic characters include, color, shape, morphometric and meristic. This study aims to analyze morphological variation, morphometric and meristic characters and growth patterns of individual fish from crosses between normal boesemani rainbow fish (males) and abnormal red rainbow fish (females). 30 characters of morphometric and meristic measurement were conducted on adult fish (live) 9 month old. Analysis of data by using principal component analysis (PCA), comparative analysis of meristic characters, analysis of the length-weight relationship. PCA results showed the characteristic differences in morphometric characters and certain fish from crosses between normal and abnormal. The results of comparative analysis of meristic characters show that the range of values â€‹â€‹of each character was not much different from the previous results of the study. The results of the analysis of the length-weight relationship showed that the normal male fish are positively allometric whereas, abnormal male fish and female fish (normal-abnormal) are negatively allometric. Differences in each parameter was caused by differences in the shape of a fish's body as a result of abnormality.

EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTOR EKSTRAK BUAH PEDADA (Sonneratia caseolaris) PADA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) ., Istikhomah; ., Lisdiana
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuiefek hepatoprotektor ekstrak buah pedadaterhadap kerusakan sel hepar tikus putih setelah dipapar dengan CCl4. Desain yang digunakan yaitu Post Test Randomized Control .Tikus Wistar jantan sebanyak 25 ekor dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu K (aquades dan pakan biasa), KP (CCl4 1,5 ml), P1 (dosis 28 mg/ BB, CCl4 1,5 ml), P2 (dosis 56 mg/ BB, CCl4 1,5 ml), P3 (dosis 112 mg/ BB, CCl4 1,5 ml) selama 7 hari. Tikus kemudian diambil darahnya untuk diuji kadar SGOT/SGPT dan dibedah diambil heparnya kemudian dibuat preparat histologi. Perubahan struktur mikroanatomi yang diamati berupa degenerasi parenkimatosa, degenerasi hidropik dan nekrosis. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik One Way Anovadilanjutkan dengan analisis Post hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak buah pedada tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar SGOT/SGPT pada serum darah tikus dan pada kerusakan hepar jenis degenerasi hidropik. Namun pada kerusakan degenerasi parenkimatos dan nekrosis terdapat perbedaaan yang bermakna antara kelompok. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak buah pedada tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar SGOT dan SGPT pada serum darah tikus. Dan pemberian ekstrak buah pada struktur mikroanatomi hepar menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan pada jenis kerusakan degenerasi hidropik namun menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna pada jenis kerusakan degenerasi parenkimatosa dan nekrosis. This study aims to determine the effect of the pedada fruit extract hepatoprotector against white rat liver cell damage after being exposed to CCl4. Designs were used that post randomied control design. The sample used 25 male wistar rats were devided into 5 groubs, K (normal control), KP (CCl4 1,5 ml), P1 (dose 28 mg/BB + CCl4 1,5 ml), P2 (dose 56 mg/BB + CCl4 1,5 ml), P3 (dose 112 mg/BB + CCl4 1,5 ml) for 7 days. Rat were then taken blood drawn for testing SGOT/SGPT and taken dissected liver histology then made preparations. Microanatomi structural changes observed in the form of parenkimatosa degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis. The result was analyzed by One Way Anovafollowed by analyzed Post hoc. The results showed that administration pedada fruit extract has no effect on levels of SGOT/SGPT in the blood serum of mice and the liver damage types hydropic degeneration. But the damage parenkimatos degeneration and necrosis are significant differences between the groubs. Based on this study it can be concluded that the administration pedada fruit extract has no effect on the levels of SGOT/SGPT in blood serum of mice. And the provision of fruit extracts on liver mikroanatomi structure showed no difference in the type of damage hydropic degeneration however showed significant differences in the type of damage parenkimatosa degeneration and necrosis.

ISOLASI BAKTERI HETEROTROF DI SITU CIBUNTU, JAWA BARAT DAN KARAKTERISASI RESISTENSI ASAM DAN LOGAM Kurnia, Kesi; Sadi, Nina Hermayani; Jumianto, Syafitri
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Bakteri heterotrofik sangat berperan penting dalam sistem perairan karena kemampuan aktivitas metabolismenya. Mereka berinteraksi dengan logam dan mineral dalam lingkungan alam dan sintetis, mengubah keadaan fisik dan kimianya, logam dan mineral tersebut juga dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas, pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri resisten logam dan asam di Situ Cibintu, Cibinong, Jawa Barat. Sampel air diambil dari 3 titik di Situ Cibuntu dan dianalisa distribusi bakteri haterotrofiknya. Isolat bakteri ditanam di media Triptone Glucose Yeast (TGY). Selanjutnya dilakukan resistensi terhadap logam timbal (Pb) dan asam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumah bakteri heterotrof di Situ Cibuntu sebanyak 3.5x103 cfu mL-1. Mayoritas (73%) isolat bakteri resisten terhadap logam dan sebanyak 47% resisten terhadap asam (pH 4). Bakteri yang resisten didominasi oleh Gram negatif. Penelitian ini memberikan pengetahuan mengenai kemampuan adaptasi bakteri heterotrof pada lingkungan logam dan asam. Heterotrophic bacteria play an important role in aquatic systems because of their ability of metabolic activities. They interact with metals and minerals in natural and synthetic environments, altering their physical and chemical state, with metals and minerals also able to affect activity, microbial growth and survival. The study aim to isolate and characterize the lead (Pb) and acid resistant of heterotrophic bacteria strains isolated from pond Cibuntu, Cibinong, West Java. Water samples were collected from three points around pond Cibuntu and analyzed the distribution of heterotrophic bacteria. The bacterial isolates were screened on Triptone Glucose Yeast (TGY) agar plates. Lead (Pb) metal and acidic tolerance were tested. In the present study, the population density of heterotrophic bacteria were recorded 3.5x103 cfu mL-1. The majority (73%) of bacteria isolates were resistant to lead and 47% to acid (pH 4). The most abundant type of bacteria resistant was Gram negative. This experiment provides the base to link the adaptation capabilities of heterotrophic bacteria in metal and acid environment.

KEEFEKTIFAN Metarhizium anisopliae YANG DIBIAKKAN DI MEDIA BERAS DAN YANG DISIMPAN DI MEDIA KAOLIN TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Oryctes rhinoceros Indriyanti, Dyah Rini; ., Masitoh; Priyono, Bambang
Life Science Vol 5 No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Jumlah kerapatan dan viabilitas spora jamur Metarhizium anisopliae merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keefektifan jamur M. anisopliae terhadap mortalitas larva Oryctes rhinoceros. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji keefektifan dan mengetahui dosis efektif jamur M. anisopliae di media beras dan kaolin terhadap mortalitas larva O. rhinoceros. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua stadialarva O. rhinocerosyang terdapat di lapangan. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 105 larva O. rhinoceros instar 3. Pengujian dilakukan dengan masing-masing perlakuan berisi 3 kg pupuk kandang, 7 larva O. rhinoceros dan pemberian berbagai macam dosis yaitu 0 gr (kontrol), 0,25 gr, 0,5 gr, 1 gr, 2 gr, 4 gr, 8 gr dan 16 gr. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 5 hari setelah aplikasi dengan mencatat waktu, faktor abiotik dan jumlah larva yang mati akibat terinfeksi jamur M. anisopliae. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jamur M. anisopliae di media beras lebih efektif dalam menyebabkan mortalitas larva O. rhinoceros dan dosis jamur M. anisopliae di media beras dan kaolin yang tercepat mematikan larva O. rhinoceros yaitu pada dosis 16 gr. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu jamur M. anisopliae di media beras lebih efektif daripada jamur M. anisopliaedi media kaolin terhadap mortalitas larva O. rhinoceros. The number density and viability of the spores of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is one of the factors that influence the effectiveness of the fungus M. anisopliae against larvae of Oryctes rhinoceros mortality. The purpose of this research was to test the effectiveness and determine the effective dose of the fungus M. anisopliae in rice and kaolin media against O. rhinoceros larvae mortality. The research using Completely Randomized Design. The population in this research were all stadia O. rhinoceros larvae contained in the field. The samples used were 105 third instar larvae of O. rhinoceros.Tests conducted with each treatment containing 3 kg of manure, 7 larvae of O. rhinoceros and the provision of a wide range of doses ie 0 g (control), 0.25 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 2 g, 4 g, 8 gr and 16 gr.Observations were made every 5 days after application to record the time, abiotic factors and the number of infected larvae die from the fungus M. anisopliae. The results showed that the fungus M. anisopliae on rice media more effective in causing larval mortality O. rhinoceros and a dose of fungus M. anisopliae in media rice and kaolin fastest O. rhinoceros larvae are lethal at a dose of 16 g. The conclusions of this research that the fungus M. anisopliae on rice media was more effective than fungus M. anisopliae in media kaolin against O. rhinoceros larvae mortality.

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Contact Name Life Science

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Editorial Address Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

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Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Life Science

Contact Email
unnes.lifescience@mail.unnes.ac.id

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
unnes.lifescience@mail.unnes.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA