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Automotive Experiences

AutomotiveExperiences
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Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

ISSN : 26156202 EISSN : 26156636 DOI : 10.31603/ae

Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

Automotive experiences invite researchers to contribute ideas on the main scope of Emerging automotive technology and environmental issues; Efficiency (fuel, thermal and mechanical); Vehicle safety and driving comfort; Automotive industry and supporting materials; Vehicle maintenance and technical skills; and Transportation policies, systems, and road users behavior.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Otomotif

Articles 221 Documents

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Engine Performances of Lean Iso-Octane Mixtures in a Glow Plug Heated Sub-Chamber SI Engine Willyanto Anggono; Soen Peter Stanley; Ferdinand Ronaldo; Gabriel J. Gotama; Bin Guo; Emir Yilmaz; Mitsuhisa Ichiyanagi; Takashi Suzuki
Automotive Experiences Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Due to the difficulty to directly study ammonia, the present work investigated the engine performance of lean iso-octane/air mixture to approximate ammonia combustion behaviour. The study was conducted using a single cylinder modified diesel engine that features a spark plug and glow plug in the sub-chamber. The investigations varied the engine speeds (1000 and 1500 RPM), glow plug voltages (6 and 10 volts), excess air ratios (1.4 to 1.8), and ignition timings (-2 to -5 °BTDC). The results suggested improved engine performances with a lower excess ratio and higher glow plug voltage due to more complete and stable combustion. By increasing the engine speed, the lean burn limit was extended and improved the engine performances. Because of the sub-chamber feature, delaying the ignition timing improved the engine performances. A larger excess air ratio was found to increase the sensitivity of the engine performances with the ignition timing. The brake mean effective pressure for all conditions has a coefficient of variation of less than 7%, indicating stable combustion. The results suggested that the current setup can be used to investigate ammonia blended fuel and direct ammonia combustion in future works.

Resin-based Brake Pad from Rice Husk Particles: From Literature Review of Brake Pad from Agricultural Waste to the Techno-Economic Analysis Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto; Dwi Fitria Al Husaeni; Risti Ragadhita; Tedi Kurniawan
Automotive Experiences Vol 4 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

A brake pad is the most crucial component in motorized vehicles. Many ways have been done and reported on how to prepare resin-based brake pads, but information relating to the economic analysis of resin-based brake pads on a large-scale production is still rare. This study aimed to report a literature review of brake pad production from biomass and agricultural wastes, optimal design of brake pad, and techno-economic analysis of resin-based brake pad production from rice husk. In the techno-economic analysis, we focused on engineering and economic perspectives. Engineering analysis was conducted by calculating the mass balance in the resin-brake pad production process. To support the analysis, economic parameters including gross profit margin (GPM), payback period (PBP), break-even point (BEP), cumulative net present value (CNPV), profitability index (PI), internal rate return (IRR), and return on investment (ROI) were calculated to predict the feasibility of project under ideal condition. We also calculated the techno-economic analysis for the worst cases in the project, calculating the internal problems (i.e., raw materials, sales, utility, labor, employee, fixed cost, variable cost, and production capacity) and the external issues (i.e., taxes and subsidiaries). Based on the engineering evaluation, the resin-based brake pad project is prospective. From economic evaluation, GPM, PBP, BEP, CNPV, PI, and ROI showed positive results, indicating that the project is potential for the large-scale production. This work has demonstrated the importance of the projects for further development and can be used as a reference for further production of brake pads made from agricultural waste.

Aerodynamics of Bus Platooning under Crosswind Aan Yudianto; I Wayan Adiyasa; Afri Yudantoko
Automotive Experiences Vol 4 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

The aerodynamic benefits of a vehicle in a platoon could be distracted by an imposed crosswind on it. The study aims to investigate the alteration of aerodynamic coefficient comprising drag force coefficient, lift force coefficient, side force coefficient, and pressure coefficient of buses traveling in a platoon by considering crosswind. A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation was carried out on a detailed bus model. Proposed meshing techniques were also offered. The investigation considered the yaw angle from 0° to 30° and inter-bus distances by proposed coefficient X/L from 0.05 to 1.25. The results in the changes in the aerodynamic performance of both buses were presented. The advantages of platoon configuration were described in more detail when no crosswind was considered in terms of the generated turbulence kinetic energy of the leading and following bus. The results indicated that a crosswind deteriorates aerodynamic benefits during the platoon. The inter-bus distance determines how the airflow around the bus behaves, leading to the variation in aerodynamic advantages experienced by buses. Comparison between the numerical study and experiment indicated a satisfactory correlation of results validation.

Design and Experiment of a Prototype Electronic Control Unit Direct Injection Fuel System Arduino-Based for 2-stroke Spark Ignition Engine Darwin Rio Budi Syaka; Ade Tiya Purwoko; Sopiyan Sopiyan
Automotive Experiences Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

The development of technology on the 2-stroke direct-injection spark-ignition engine is expected to be a solution to optimize engine performance and reduce exhaust pollution. The fuel injection system in the operation of the spark-ignition engine is controlled by the Electronic Control Unit (ECU), so this study aims to design and experiment with a prototype of an Arduino-based direct injection fuel injection electronic control unit for 2-stroke spark-ignition engines. This research method begins with the design of an electronic control unit prototype that is selected for easy setup and low cost. Then, experiments were conducted on variations in injection timing and injection duration, which are the two main parameters of the fuel system to determine their effect on engine performance. This data is then used as a basis for setting the amount of fuel injected. The results show that there is an optimal performance under certain conditions from setting the injection timing and injection duration which is easily applied to the open-source code setting of this electronic control unit.

Distribution of a Taxi Fleet: The Problem of Arranging Repair and Maintenance in the Absence of Centralized Management Eugeniu Cozac; Mikhail Gordienko; Mikhail Bogdanov; Tatyana Sakulyeva; Ilia Aksenov
Automotive Experiences Vol 4 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

The article presents a mathematical model for distributed taxi fleet operations. A technological approach based on mathematical models of transport systems using the Hungarian algorithm was used to model the arrangement of repair and maintenance in the absence of centralized management. The literature review on taxi fleet robotics has shown that central management is the cause of increasing transport service costs up to 30%. The results of approximating the cases of repairing and maintaining the taxi fleet in the absence of centralization to the lognormal and Gaussian distributions are provided based on 2019-2020 data. A blockchain scheme for work organization and maintenance of the taxi fleet within the decentralization framework is developed. The statistical analysis of repair and emergency maintenance cases in the distributed taxi fleets calculated per 1000 cars was 3.6 to 15%. Pearson's criterion c2 was from 0.001 to 0.17. Statistical significance values of the results were p≤0.005. A multivariate cluster analysis of the accident or technical failure occurrence among the distributed taxi fleet vehicles was conducted in months, taking statistical data for the last two years. An algorithm that allows performing optimal assignments for a distributed taxi fleet is developed in this work. A sample calculation of the optimal allocation for taxi fleet vehicles distributed in the state of minimum vehicle repair cost based on the Hungarian algorithm was provided. The application of this algorithm also makes it possible to determine the optimal destinations for vehicles in the taxi fleet.

A Review on the Disposal Methods with Intrinsic Environmental and Economic Impacts of Scrap Tyres in Nigeria Francis Boluwaji Elehinafe; Yebtemiya Judith Hassan; Queen Eddidong Ebong-Bassey; Adewole Johnson Adesanmi
Automotive Experiences Vol 5 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

The rapid increase in the amount of tyres discarded yearly leads to the problem of scrap tyres littering the country, Nigeria thereby leading to environmental pollution. This paper looks at the extent of the menace scrap tyres has caused, the methods of their disposal and the effects on the environment. The study calls for a concerted effort from researchers, industry operators and regulatory bodies to be up and doing in the disposal of scrap tyres in Nigeria to check the degradation of the environment in its three compartments: air, water and land, with a view to upholding environmental sustainability and embedded economic advantages.

The Effects of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Concentration and Reaction Temperature on The Properties of Biodiesel from Philippine Tung (Reutealis Trisperma) Seeds Slamet Supriyadi; Purwanto Purwanto; Didi Dwi Anggoro; Hermawan Hermawan
Automotive Experiences Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Philippine Tung (Reutealis trisperma) is an indigenous nut that is a relatively new feedstock for producing biodiesel in Indonesia. The nature of NaOH base catalyst and reaction temperature plays an important role in the method of biodiesel production. This study aimed to assess the effects of different percentages of NaOH base catalyst and reaction temperature on physicochemical properties of Philippine Tung biodiesel. Transesterification process was carried out by reacting Philippine Tung oil with methanol and NaOH catalyst. NaOH weight to oil weight was at 0.25%, 0.5%,0.75% and 1%, the reaction temperature set up were at 60°C and 70°C, while methanol-oil molar ratio was set at 6:1. Yield, acid value, saponification value, density, and viscosity of biodiesel were significantly influenced by NaOH catalyst concentrations. Meanwhile reaction temperature had no effect on the yield and viscosity. Philippine Tung biodiesel produced using 0.25% NaOH catalyst met the SNI 04-7182-2015 biodiesel standard of the properties investigated in this study (yield: 96.18%, acid value: 0.466 mg KOH/g, saponification value: 200.083 mg KOH/g, density: 0.889 g/mL, viscosity: 5.276 cSt).

Propane (HC – 290) as an Alternative Refrigerant in the Food Transport Refrigeration Sector in Southern Africa – a Review Thomas Kivevele
Automotive Experiences Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Most of the food transport trucks in Sothern Africa are equipped with refrigeration and air conditioning systems filled with fluorocarbon refrigerants such as R404A to facilitate the heat transfer process. These refrigerants are synthetic chemicals and have high potential to cause global warming and damage to the ozone layer. Currently, natural refrigerants are considered as alternatives to these man-made refrigerants to mitigate some of the environmental risks. The natural refrigerants are the substances that occur in nature such as hydrocarbons (HC), ammonia, and carbon dioxide. These type of refrigerants have been in the market for many years, but in some applications such as domestic refrigerators, heat pumps, chillers, and air conditioners, whereas fluorocarbons are the mostly used in the food transport refrigeration systems. Natural refrigerants such as propane (HC – 290) are now penetrating the market in food transport refrigeration systems where previously fluorocarbons were the favoured option. Therefore, this work reports the possibilities of using non-fluorinated hydrocarbon/natural refrigerant (propane – R290) in the food transport refrigerated systems in Southern Africa; a case study of South Africa. R290 has the potential to lower greenhouse gases emissions compared to hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) which are widely used in most of the existing food transport refrigeration systems in South Africa. R290 has negligible Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 3 which is well below the global threshold value of 150. The review revealed that refrigeration capacity of R290 is in the average of 10 – 30% higher than commonly used fluorocarbon refrigerants such as R404A and R134A. Since R290 is labeled as a flammable refrigerant, the present study also reviews its flammability safety measures.

Natural Fiber Composites from Coconut Fiber, Wood Powder, and Shellfish Shell of Centrifugal Clutch Materials Ahmad Kholil; Riyadi Riyadi; Siska Titik Dwiyati; Eko Arif Syaefuddin; Randika Hadi Pratama; Yuda Dwi Rama Putra
Automotive Experiences Vol 5 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Natural fiber materials are the sustainable sources used for future automotive elements, where the centrifugal clutch utilizes the frictional force on the clutch pads to transfer kinetic energy from the rotating crankshaft to the transmission and the wheels. These pads are produced from several natural composites, such as coconut fiber, as well as wood and shellfish powder, whose characteristics are being investigated for hardness, microstructure, and wear properties. Based on this study, performance analysis was carried out on the samples of composite centrifugal clutch applied to automatic motorcycles. As a comparison, subsequent analysis was conducted on the genuine clutch pad materials, where the results showed differences in the characteristics of each mixture composition of the natural fiber composites. This indicated that the addition of wood powder composition to the clutch pad increased the hardness and special wear values by an average of approximately 12.9 and 1.16%, respectively. Furthermore, the composite content was observed in the microstructure, as the maximum power and torque on the natural fiber materials were 10.7 hp and 17.17 N.m, respectively. The value was found to be closely similar to the genuine parts with maximum power and torque of 10.8 hp and 16.02 N.m, respectively.

Experimental Investigation of Cooling Performance in Automotive Radiator using Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 Nanofluids Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan; Wan Hamzah Azmi; Rizalman Mamat; Ery Diniardi; Tri Yuni Hendrawati
Automotive Experiences Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

The use of nanoparticle coolant fluid in the car radiator increases the rate of heat transfer and facilitates the reduction of the overall radiator size. In this study, heat transfer characteristics of tri-hybrid nanofluids-based water/EG (60:40) were analyzed experimental and compared with water/EG (60:40). Four different nanofluids concentrations were prepared by adding 0.05 to 0.3 vol.% of tri-hybrid nanofluids dispersed a mixture of water/ethylene glycol (60:40). Experiments were carried out by varying the flow rate of coolant between 2 to 12 LPM for working temperature of 70 °C, the velocity of airflow remained at an average of 4 m/s, to understand the effect of coolant flow rate on heat transfer. The results showed that the thermal performance of tri-hybrid nanofluids in a water/EG (60:40) mixture has been investigated for volume concentrations of up to 0.3% and working temperature of 70 °C. The maximum enhancement of heat transfer coefficient for air side is observed up to 23.8% at 0.05% volume concentration meanwhile for coolant side is observed at 39.7% at 0.3% volume concentration. The pressure drop and pumping power have the same pattern which increasing in volume concentrations.

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Muji Setiyo

Contact Email muji@unimma.ac.id

Phone +6282330623257

Journal Mail Official autoexp@unimma.ac.id

Editorial Address Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, Jl. Bambang Soegeng KM. 4 Mertoyudan Magelang, Telp/Faks : (0293) 326945

Location Kab. magelang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Muji Setiyo

Contact Email
muji@unimma.ac.id

Phone
+6282330623257

Journal Mail Official
autoexp@unimma.ac.id

Editorial Address
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, Jl. Bambang Soegeng KM. 4 Mertoyudan Magelang, Telp/Faks : (0293) 326945

Location
Kab. magelang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA