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Journal of Social Research
Published by CV. International Journal Labs
ISSN : 28279832     EISSN : 2828335x     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55324
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Science, Education, Social,
Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences
The Journal of Social Research is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly by International Journal Labs. The Journal of Social Research provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. The journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of social sciences, ranging from Management, Economics, Culture, Law, Public Health, and Education that belong to the social context.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,565 Documents
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Analysis of The Implementation of The Cirebon City Regulation on Local Taxes and Local Fees Patmawati Patmawati; Siti Khumayah
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3231

Abstract

Local Own-Source Revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah/PAD) is a key fiscal component of a region, as it reflects the socioeconomic conditions of the community as well as the region's growth and self-reliance. In an effort to increase PAD, the Cirebon City Government issued a new policy regarding local tax and retribution rates through Cirebon City Regional Regulation (Peraturan Daerah/Perda) No. 1 of 2024. However, the implementation process has not proceeded as anticipated; social unrest has emerged as a result of the substantial increase in Land and Building Tax (Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan/PBB-P2), which reached 1,000% and has been perceived as an excessive burden on the community. This study aims to analyse the implementation of this policy using William N. Dunn's policy evaluation theory, which encompasses six criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy. The methodology employed is qualitative descriptive, utilising direct observation, documentation, and interviews with the Regional Revenue and Finance Agency (Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Pendapatan Daerah/BPKPD) and taxpayers. The research results indicate that this policy effectively increased local own-source revenue (PAD) by 20.09% in 2025; however, it remains suboptimal with respect to the criteria of responsiveness, accuracy, and equity. Challenges in implementation also persist in relation to effectiveness, adequacy, and efficiency. In response to escalating social unrest, the local government ultimately revised the regulations pertaining to PBB-P2 by the end of 2025. It is recommended that the government increase the intensity of public outreach, ensure equitable access to technology, and strengthen the competencies of implementing staff in order to balance fiscal interests with public welfare, and that a formal complaint-handling mechanism be established to serve as a basis for periodic policy improvements.
Gen Z’s Perceptions of Masculinity and Violence in the Series “Weak Hero Class 2” Elmira Zachra Putri Hamidun
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3232

Abstract

The development of digital platforms has made it easier for audiences to access and watch Korean drama series, including the series “Weak Hero Class 2.” This study aims to understand how Indonesian Gen Z responds to and interprets the portrayal of masculinity and violence in the series, as well as to explore their perspectives. The method used was descriptive qualitative, and data analysis was conducted through reception analysis based on Stuart Hall's theory. The results show that audiences interpret representations of masculinity and violence in various ways. The decoding process and audience interpretation reveal both positive and negative views of the depiction of violence, which is not straightforward. The presence of both acceptance and rejection among Gen Z viewers presents a paradox. Violence is viewed as part of social dynamics, and, on an individual level, masculinity is closely linked to violence, specifically physical aggression. Three types of meaning dominant-hegemonic, negotiated, and oppositional emerge in how audiences receive representations of masculinity and violence in “Weak Hero Class 2.” Audience background influences interpretation and affects how they accept or reject the portrayals of masculinity and violence in the series.
A Comparison of Public Perceptions of Mangrove Ecotourism Management in Urban Coastal Areas: A Case Study of Tangerang, Jakarta, and Bekasi Salman Rafi; Gatot Yulianto; Fery Kurniawan
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3233

Abstract

Mangrove ecotourism is one of the efforts to manage coastal areas based on conservation involving local communities. This study aims to analyze and compare public perceptions of mangrove ecotourism management in Ketapang Urban Aquaculture, TWA Angke Kapuk, and Saung Alas. The study used a descriptive quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 135 respondents using the Likert scale. The data were analyzed descriptively to determine the level of public perception of the management, knowledge, participation, and attitude of the community towards mangrove ecotourism. The results of the study showed that Ketapang Urban Aquaculture obtained the highest perception value of 72.96%, followed by Saung Alas at 72.29%, and TWA Angke Kapuk at 70.89%. All three regions are included in the high perception category. The public generally has a positive perception of mangrove conservation, the ecological function of mangroves, and the development of sustainability-based ecotourism. However, community involvement in decision-making is still relatively low in some areas. In general, the high public perception shows support for sustainable mangrove ecotourism management in urban coastal areas.
Convergence and Challenges in the Management Policy of Vocational High School Education in Depok City, West Java, 2019–2023 Ono Rusyono
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3235

Abstract

This study examines the convergence points and policy challenges in the management of Vocational High School (SMK) education in Depok City, West Java, during the 2019–2023 period. The research is motivated by the increasing demand for vocational education, which has not been adequately supported by school capacity, policy integration, and governance effectiveness. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and institutional analysis based on Rational Choice Institutionalism, this study analyzes the interactions among policy actors, including the central government, the West Java Provincial Government, the Depok City Government, vocational schools, and industry stakeholders. Data were collected through the analysis of laws, regulations, policy documents, and educational governance reports. The findings reveal several policy convergence points, including shared commitments to improving human resource quality, strengthening link-and-match programs with industry, curriculum development, teacher competency enhancement, educational quality assurance, and infrastructure improvement. However, significant policy challenges remain, including overlapping authority between provincial and municipal governments, limited school enrollment capacity, implementation issues related to Educational Operational Cost Assistance (BPOP), concerns regarding honorary teachers and PPPK recruitment, and weak industry partnerships. The study concludes that the effectiveness of vocational education management is strongly influenced by governance quality, particularly in terms of policy integration, inter-institutional coordination, accountability, stakeholder participation, and data-driven decision-making. An ideal governance model should emphasize policy integration, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and evidence-based educational planning to improve the quality and relevance of vocational education.
Understanding Self-Esteem Holistically: Integrating Ontological, Epistemological, and Axiological Perspectives Nur Kistin Kamalia; Wiryo Nuryono
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3237

Abstract

Self-esteem is one of the fundamental concepts in psychology that relates to an individual's assessment of his or her own worth. This article aims to examine self-esteem from a philosophical perspective that includes three main dimensions, namely ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The approach used is a literature study by examining various contemporary psychological and philosophical literature. Ontologically, self-esteem is understood as a psychological construct that is subjective but is formed through interaction between individuals and their socio-cultural environments. Epistemologically, knowledge of self-esteem is acquired through a variety of approaches, both empirical and reflective, which include psychometric measurements, behavioural observations, as well as the subjective experiences of individuals. Meanwhile, axiologically, self-esteem holds an important value in human life because it plays a role in the formation of self-identity, mental health, and the individual's ability to adapt and make decisions. The results of the study show that the understanding of self-esteem cannot be separated from the philosophical context behind it, so an integrative approach between psychology and philosophy is needed to understand this concept more comprehensively. Thus, the philosophical study of self-esteem makes an important contribution to the development of psychological theories and practices that are more reflective, contextual, and oriented towards human values.
Exploring The Essence of CBT: an Ontological, Epistemological, and Axiological Analysis, and The Contributions of The Thoughts of Aaron T. Beck and Albert Ellis to Guidance and Counseling Rochiyatin Rifai; Wiryo Nuryono
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3238

Abstract

This research is motivated by the increasing need for counselling approaches that are not only practically effective, but also grounded in a strong philosophical foundation. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), as the dominant approach in modern guidance and counselling practice, needs to be studied in depth through the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and axiology so that it is not understood merely as an intervention technique. The purpose of this research is to explore the essence of CBT and to identify the contributions of Aaron T. Beck and Albert Ellis to the development of guidance and counselling. This study employs a philosophical qualitative approach using a literature study method that analyses various relevant scientific sources. The results of the study show that ontologically, CBT views humans as rational beings capable of changing their mindset and behaviour through cognitive processes. Epistemologically, CBT is grounded in empirical evidence and systematic scientific validation. Axiologically, CBT is oriented toward adaptive behavioural change and the improvement of individual well-being. Beck's contribution lies in the development of an empirically based cognitive model, while Ellis emphasises rationality and the modification of irrational beliefs. The study concludes that CBT makes a significant theoretical and practical contribution to improving the effectiveness of guidance and counselling services.
Effectiveness of the Nutmeg Flower Dryer Monitoring Module in Improving Students’ Digital Literacy Comprehension Andro Tuuk; Andrew Makaingate; Novlin Sadja; Leony Ariesta Wenno; Doostenreyk Niala kantohe
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3239

Abstract

The rapid advancement of technology has emphasized the need for digital literacy among vocational students, particularly in technology-intensive sectors. However, learning modules that effectively integrate vocational content with digital literacy skills remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Nutmeg Flower Dryer Monitoring Module in improving students' digital literacy comprehension within a vocational education context. A quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control groups was employed, involving 60 eleventh-grade vocational students in electronics engineering programs. The experimental group (n=30) received instruction using the IoT-based monitoring module, while the control group (n=30) engaged in conventional textbook-based learning. Data were collected using a 40-item digital literacy test and a 20-item student response questionnaire, then analyzed through N-gain calculation and independent samples t-tests. Results revealed a significant improvement in the experimental group's digital literacy, with an overall N-gain of 0.71, categorized as highly effective. The greatest gains were observed in communication literacy, indicating enhanced competencies in interpreting and interacting with real-time digital systems. Students also reported high satisfaction and perceived relevance to vocational tasks. The findings confirm that contextualized, hands-on IoT modules effectively bridge theoretical knowledge and practical digital skills. Future work should explore multi-site implementation, longitudinal retention, and adaptation to other vocational domains to further optimize digital literacy outcomes.
Understanding Academic Grit: A Philosophical Study of Existence, Truth, and Values in Education Riza Melinda; Wiryo Nuryono
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3240

Abstract

Academic grit has become an important construct in education as students increasingly face academic pressure, learning loss, motivational decline, and difficulties in maintaining perseverance toward long-term educational goals. However, most previous studies have examined grit through quantitative measurement, while its deeper philosophical meaning remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to analyze academic grit from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and axiology in order to understand its existence, the construction of its truth, and its value orientation in education. A qualitative Systematic Literature Review approach was employed using the PRISMA 2020 framework. Data were collected from relevant publications indexed in Scopus, Google Scholar, Garuda, and SINTA, focusing on studies published between 2020 and 2025 concerning academic grit, education, philosophy, qualitative inquiry, and collectivist culture. The data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings show that academic grit is not merely a psychological trait, but a mode of being reflected in students' perseverance during academic challenges. Epistemologically, grit is constructed through experience, failure, reflection, and social interaction. Axiologically, grit embodies values such as responsibility, purpose, patience, and commitment. This study concludes that academic grit should be understood as a philosophical, cultural, and educational phenomenon.
A Web-Based Vector Reporting Information System Using Decision Trees for Risk Classification (Case Study: Manado Class 1 Health Quarantine Office, Manado Seaport Working Area) Fernanda Grety Panese; Eliezer Mangoting Rongre; Doostenreyk Niala Kantohe
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3241

Abstract

Vector-borne diseases remain a critical public health challenge, particularly in tropical port cities where international maritime traffic increases the risk of introducing infected vectors. At the Class 1 Health Quarantine Center of Manado (BKKK Manado), traditional paper-based vector reporting workflows have caused delays, transcription errors, and inconsistent risk assessments, hindering timely and evidence-based decision-making. This study aims to develop and evaluate a web-based vector reporting information system integrated with a C4.5 Decision Tree classifier to automate risk classification and improve operational efficiency. An applied research approach using a research-and-development (R&D) methodology was employed, involving system design, implementation, and empirical evaluation at the Manado seaport. Data were collected from 312 historical vector surveillance records, field observations, and officer interviews. System performance was assessed through classification accuracy, functional testing, usability evaluation (System Usability Scale), and a time-efficiency comparison with paper-based reporting. The resulting system achieved 92.1% classification accuracy, a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.91, a 100% functional test pass rate, and an 80.7% reduction in reporting time, while usability was rated “Excellent” by officers. The study concludes that the web-based system effectively enhances vector surveillance and decision-making. Future research should focus on expanding datasets, integrating with national health platforms, and exploring alternative classifiers to improve scalability and robustness for broader vector-borne disease monitoring.
A Model of Cultural Appropriation Through The Indonesian Cultural Festival in Guilin, China Silvester Rilo Pangestu; Nanang Endrayanto
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3242

Abstract

The Indonesian Cultural Festival (FKI) is an annual activity organised by Indonesian students in Guilin, China. This annual event features various forms of Indonesian cultural performance, including dance, music, drama, traditional games, and culinary arts. The festival not only showcases Indonesian art and tradition, but also creates a space for interaction that facilitates cultural exchange. This study examines the model of cultural appropriation through the Indonesian Cultural Festival in Guilin, China. The theoretical framework draws on Richard Schechner's Performance Theory and Homi Bhabha's concept of the "third space," or the space in-between. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to international students who had attended or watched the event. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling, selected on the basis of respondent availability. The results of the study show that the festival has a considerable influence in fostering curiosity, understanding, and appreciation for Indonesian culture. Furthermore, this activity also strengthens relationships and interactions among international students, and opens a broader space for cross-cultural communication.

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