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Awareness of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) in young adult female university students from Lahore Pakistan Riaz, Muhammad Waseem; Ashraf, Shiza; Azam, Muhammad Saad; Butt, Nauman Ismat; Waris, Barak; Ghoauri , Muhammad Sohail Ajmal
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026143

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, associated with menstrual irregularities, infertility, and long-term metabolic risks. Despite its common occurrence, awareness and understanding of PCOS remain inadequate among young women. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness, common misconceptions, and sources of information about PCOS among young adult female university students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan. One hundred female students aged 18–25 years were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling after obtaining informed consent. Participants with a current or past diagnosis of PCOS were excluded. Data on demographics, knowledge and perceptions of PCOS were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings. All participants (100%) had heard of PCOS. Knowledge accuracy was limited: 71% recognized irregular menstrual cycles as a common symptom, only 47% correctly identified PCOS as a hormonal disorder, and 38% considered it treatable. Emotional and perception responses were predominantly worry (67%) and fear (24%), with 57% associating PCOS with infertility. The majority perceived lifestyle modification (54%) as the preferred treatment. Main sources of awareness were educational settings (46%) and TV/social media (30%). Notably, just over half (52%) indicated they would seek medical consultation, highlighting a key behavioral implication for campus health education. While awareness of PCOS was high, misconceptions about its hormonal basis and management persist, and emotional responses indicate considerable concern among students. Targeted health education programs are needed to improve knowledge, address misconceptions, and promote timely help-seeking behaviors in university settings.

A Systematic Review of Regional Practices and Nutraceutical Management Strategies in the treatment of Dengue Fever Sazu, MD. Hassan; Chowdhury, Atikah Islam; Iqbal, Hrishik; Hassan, Md Abul; Devi, Joti; Syrmos, Nikolaos
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026145

Dengue fever (DF), one of the common mosquito-borne viral diseases in humans, is still a serious public health problem throughout the world with special emphasis on tropical and subtropical areas. Though there are significant morbidity and mortality, treatments are mainly supportive; thus, additional approaches that may decrease disease severity are warranted. There is accumulating evidence that micronutrient status may potentially affect immune responses and clinical outcome in DF, thus supporting more general observations of nutritional modulation of susceptibility to, disease progression or outcome from infectious diseases. To assess this possibility, we considered the literature on micronutrient supplementation for DF patients. Vitamin C, Vitamin D, vitamin E and zinc were reported in some studies to potentially reduce recovery time, improve platelet trends and decrease severity of illness. In contrast, folic acid did not have any significant effects on clinical end points. However, as the available literature is fraught with obvious weaknesses such as small sample size, differing results between studies and an inadequate assessment of patients' nutritional status at the outset, any clinical recommendations are weakened. Although vitamins D and E have shown promise in preliminary trials, the existing body of evidence is not clear and coherent. This review addresses the increasing attention on micronutrient interventions in DF as well as the necessity of good quality randomized controlled trials that provide better exposure about their therapeutic effects and evidence-based recommendations.

Adherence to Dietary Recommendations and Associated Factors Among Adults Aged 40 Years and Older with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study at Kericho County, Kenya Wanzala, Joel; Wandia, Florence; Chepngetich, Irine
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026146

Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem globally. There are limited data on adherence to dietary recommendations and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes patients, especially in Kericho, Kenya. Therefore, this study assessed the level and factors associated with adherence to dietary recommendations among type 2 diabetes patients aged 40+ years in Kericho County. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Kericho County Referral Hospital in Kericho County, involving 414 type 2 diabetes patients aged 40+ years. Data was collected using validated and standardized structured questionnaires. SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with dietary adherence. Out of 414 participants, only 43.5% had good adherence to dietary recommendations. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that participants aged 70 years and above (AOR: 10.99, 95% CI: 1.61 – 25.08, p = 0.014), attained tertiary/college education (AOR: 8.20, 95% CI: 1.61 – 19.04, p = 0.021), no comorbidity (AOR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.30 – 5.93, p = 0.008), had not experienced any complication (AOR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.37 – 6.99, p = 0.007) had higher odds of good adherence to the recommended diet. Additionally, respondents with over 10 years since being diagnosed with diabetes (AOR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.27 – 0.78, p = 0.024), had not received diabetes nutritional education (AOR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08 – 0.59, p <0.001), and lived with more than five family members (AOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19 – 0.87, p < 0.001) had a lower likelihood of good adherence to dietary recommendations. The rate of dietary adherence was found to be relatively low in Kericho County, and significantly influenced with age, education level, comorbidity, diabetes-related complications, exposure to diabetes nutritional education and family structure. Provision and the implementation of structured and culturally tailored nutrition education using routine clinic-based counseling, standardized meal-planning guides, peer support groups, and regular dietitian follow-up to strengthen adherence and improve glycemic outcomes.

How Family and Health Cadres Enable Routine Integrated Antenatal Care (ANC) Attendance Among Pregnant Women: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study in Jombang, Indonesia Azizah, Ninik; Annuchasari, Helmi; Rahmawati, Vivin Eka; Wulandari, Dewi Triloka
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026147

Integrated Antenatal Care (ANC) depends on sustained attendance across pregnancy, yet routine participation remains uneven. This study explored how pregnant women interpret family and health cadre support for maintaining routine Integrated ANC at the Jarak Kulon Primary Health Care Center, Jombang. Routine was defined as attending scheduled Integrated ANC contacts (PHC/Posyandu) and rescheduling any missed appointment within the same month. Using descriptive phenomenology, purposive sampling recruited pregnant women residing in the catchment area who had attended Integrated ANC in the current pregnancy, along with health cadres and key family supporters. Data were collected in March 2025 through in-depth semi-structured interviews (10 pregnant women, 4 cadres, 3 family members), supported by participatory observation and document review, and analyzed iteratively using Miles and Huberman’s reduction–display–verification procedures with NVivo. Two interrelated themes were identified. Cadre support functioned mainly as informational and instrumental support—education on ANC and danger signs, schedule reminders (including WhatsApp), home follow-up after missed visits, and assistance navigating access constraints. Family support operated primarily as emotional and instrumental support—reassurance, accompaniment, financial prioritization, and household task adjustments that made attendance feasible. Overall, participants described support as strengthening confidence and capability to keep visits on schedule, consistent with House’s (1981) social support dimensions. Abstrak. Pelayanan Antenatal Terpadu (ANC) memerlukan kehadiran yang berkelanjutan sepanjang kehamilan, namun partisipasi rutin masih belum merata. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana ibu hamil memaknai dukungan keluarga dan kader kesehatan dalam mempertahankan kunjungan ANC Terpadu yang rutin di Puskesmas Jarak Kulon, Jombang. “Rutin” didefinisikan sebagai menghadiri kontak ANC Terpadu yang terjadwal (Puskesmas/Posyandu) dan menjadwalkan ulang setiap kunjungan yang terlewat dalam bulan yang sama. Dengan menggunakan fenomenologi deskriptif, teknik purposive sampling merekrut ibu hamil yang tinggal di wilayah kerja dan telah mengikuti ANC Terpadu pada kehamilan saat ini, serta kader kesehatan dan anggota keluarga pendukung utama. Data dikumpulkan pada Maret 2025 melalui wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur (10 ibu hamil, 4 kader, 3 anggota keluarga), didukung observasi partisipatif dan telaah dokumen, lalu dianalisis secara iteratif menggunakan prosedur reduksi–penyajian–verifikasi Miles dan Huberman dengan NVivo. Ditemukan dua tema yang saling terkait. Dukungan kader terutama berfungsi sebagai dukungan informasional dan instrumental—edukasi tentang ANC dan tanda bahaya, pengingat jadwal (termasuk WhatsApp), tindak lanjut ke rumah setelah kunjungan terlewat, serta bantuan menavigasi kendala akses. Dukungan keluarga terutama berfungsi sebagai dukungan emosional dan instrumental—penguatan, pendampingan, prioritas pembiayaan, dan penyesuaian tugas rumah tangga sehingga kunjungan menjadi mungkin. Secara umum, partisipan memaknai dukungan sebagai penguat kepercayaan diri dan kemampuan untuk menjaga kunjungan tetap sesuai jadwal, selaras dengan dimensi dukungan sosial House (1981).

How Family Assistance Teams Support Maternal-Child Nutrition Behavior Change for Stunting Prevention: A Qualitative Comparative Case Study in Kampar Regency, Indonesia Mitra, Mitra; Rany, Novita; As Syifa, Ervira Dwiaprini; Dewi, Oktavia
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 2: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026139

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem with long-term impacts on child development and future productivity. The Family Assistance Team (FAT) plays a crucial role in community-based interventions by providing education and mentoring to at-risk families. This study aims to explore the role of FAT in supporting behavioral changes to prevent stunting in maternal and child nutrition. A qualitative case study approach was used. The primary informants, including FAT members and supporting informants, were the Head of the Community Health Center, nutritionists, the Head of Population Control, field coordinators for the Family Planning Program, and mothers of children under five years old. Purposive sampling was employed to select informants. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, Focus Group discussions, and document review. Data validity was ensured through source and method triangulation. Thematic analysis was used to identify key findings. Five major themes emerged: (1) FAT’s role in health education and growth monitoring; (2) collaboration across programs; (3) risk factors for stunting; (4) challenges in mentoring; and (5) behavioral changes in mothers and children. FAT reported changes in mothers' behavior, particularly in toddler feeding patterns, which were supported through regular monitoring using WhatsApp messaging. However, program implementation still faces various obstacles, requiring capacity building for cadres, policy support, and cross-sector collaboration to ensure the sustainability of the stunting reduction program. Abstrak. Stunting adalah masalah gizi kronis yang berdampak jangka panjang terhadap perkembangan anak dan produktivitas di masa depan. Tim Pendampingan Keluarga (TPK) memainkan peran penting dalam intervensi berbasis masyarakat melalui pendidikan dan pendampingan keluarga berisiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran TPK dalam mendukung perubahan perilaku terkait gizi ibu dan anak untuk mencegah stunting. Pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Informan utama yaitu TPK dan informan pendukung terdiri dari Kepala Puskesmas, ahli gizi, Kepala Pengendalian Penduduk, koordinator lapangan Program Keluarga Berencana, dan ibu balita. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, Fokus Grup Diskusi, dan tinjauan dokumen. Validitas data melalui triangulasi sumber dan metode. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi temuan kunci. Lima tema utama yaitu: (1) peran TPK dalam pendidikan kesehatan dan pemantauan pertumbuhan; (2) kolaborasi lintas program; (3) faktor risiko stunting; (4) tantangan dalam pendampingan; dan (5) perubahan perilaku ibu dan anak. TPK melaporkan adanya perubahan perilaku ibu, khususnya dalam pola makan balita, yang didukung melalui pemantauan rutin menggunakan media perpesanan WhatsApp. Namun demikian, implementasi program masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan, sehingga diperlukan penguatan kapasitas kader, dukungan kebijakan, serta kolaborasi lintas sektor guna menjamin keberlanjutan program penurunan stunting.

Child Stunting in Papua, Indonesia: Determinants and Pathways from a UNICEF Framework–Guided Narrative Review Ahmar, Hamdiah; Yulidia, Herlina; Andriany, Alia; Pesurnay, Yanti; Sianturi, Sintong Halomoan; Lilis, Lilis
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026152

Stunting remains a major public health problem in Papua, Indonesia, with burdens concentrated in remote and rural communities. This narrative review synthesized evidence on determinants of stunting among children under five and organized findings using the UNICEF framework (immediate, underlying, and basic/enabling causes). A structured Google Scholar search (2015–2025) identified 39 records; after deduplication and screening, 11 studies were included for thematic narrative synthesis. Across included studies, infection pathways—especially maternal malaria and early-life malaria exposure—were consistently associated with stunting. Case-control evidence also linked adverse birth outcomes (low birth weight and short birth length) to higher odds of later stunting. Nutrition-related determinants included inadequate diet quality, micronutrient gaps (iron and iodine), and maladaptive caregiver feeding practices during complementary feeding, while breastfeeding indicators showed mixed associations across settings. Environmental constraints, notably poor sanitation and limited access to safe water, repeatedly co-occurred with structural disadvantages such as low maternal education, poverty, rural residence, and restricted access to primary health services. The evidence supports integrated, Papua-specific action: combine malaria prevention and treatment in pregnancy with the first-1,000-days nutrition agenda, strengthen WASH infrastructure, expand routine growth monitoring and counseling, and deliver family-centered support for feeding and timely care-seeking. Abstrak: Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Papua, Indonesia, terutama di wilayah terpencil dan perdesaan. Tinjauan naratif ini mensintesis bukti determinan stunting pada anak di bawah lima tahun dan menata temuan dengan kerangka UNICEF (segera, mendasar, dasar/pemungkin). Pencarian terstruktur di Google Scholar (2015–2025) menemukan 39 rekaman; setelah deduplikasi dan seleksi, 11 studi diinklusi dan dianalisis secara naratif tematik. Jalur infeksi—khususnya malaria pada kehamilan dan paparan malaria awal kehidupan—secara konsisten berasosiasi dengan stunting. Bukti kasus-kontrol juga menunjukkan luaran kelahiran buruk (BBLR dan panjang lahir pendek) berkaitan dengan odds stunting lebih tinggi. Jalur gizi meliputi kualitas diet rendah, defisit mikronutrien (zat besi, yodium), serta praktik pemberian makan pengasuh yang kurang tepat pada periode MP-ASI; indikator menyusui menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi antar lokasi. Kendala lingkungan (sanitasi buruk, air minum tidak aman) sering muncul bersama kerentanan struktural seperti pendidikan ibu rendah, kemiskinan, tinggal di perdesaan, dan akses layanan primer terbatas. Temuan mendukung aksi terpadu spesifik Papua: integrasikan layanan malaria maternal dengan agenda gizi 1.000 HPK, perkuat WASH, perluas pemantauan pertumbuhan rutin dan konseling, serta dukungan keluarga untuk pemberian makan dan pencarian layanan tepat waktu, terutama di daerah endemis malaria dan distrik dengan hambatan geografis tinggi secara berkelanjutan.

Who Decides and Who Acts? Gender Roles in School-Age Immunization Decisions in Sorong City, Southwest Papua Kamilia, Nadiyah; Windesi , Sri Riyanti
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 2: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026154

School-based immunization in Indonesia (Bulan Imunisasi Anak Sekolah; BIAS) has declined in Sorong City, Southwest Papua, and household pathways behind low uptake remain unclear. This dyadic study compared fathers and mothers of the same child to examine whether gendered roles are reflected in immunization knowledge and decision-making/action. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two elementary schools and enrolled 151 father–mother pairs through school–primary care coordination. Parents completed a knowledge scale and a 10-item decision-making/action scale covering consent, scheduling, accompaniment, information seeking, and responses to adverse events following immunization. Within-couple differences were tested using paired-samples t tests. Knowledge did not differ between fathers and mothers (mean difference = −1.58, SD = 27.57; t(150) = −0.70, p = .483; Cohen’s dz ≈ −0.06). Decision-making/action differed markedly, with fathers scoring lower than mothers (mean difference = −38.46, SD = 18.07; t(150) = −26.16, p < .001; Cohen’s dz ≈ −2.13). Mothers scored higher on 9 of 10 items, while fathers more often endorsed refusal when side effects occur. Barriers therefore cluster in decision authority and task execution rather than information deficits. BIAS should strengthen couple-oriented consent and deliver father-targeted risk communication on expected reactions and care-seeking, and align school messages for both parents. Abstrak. Imunisasi berbasis sekolah di Indonesia (Bulan Imunisasi Anak Sekolah; BIAS) mengalami penurunan di Kota Sorong, Papua Barat Daya, dan jalur rumah tangga yang mendasari rendahnya cakupan masih belum jelas. Studi dyadik ini membandingkan ayah dan ibu dari anak yang sama untuk menilai apakah peran berbasis gender tercermin pada pengetahuan imunisasi serta pengambilan keputusan/tindakan. Survei potong lintang dilakukan di dua sekolah dasar dan melibatkan 151 pasangan ayah–ibu melalui koordinasi sekolah dengan layanan kesehatan primer. Orang tua mengisi skala pengetahuan dan skala pengambilan keputusan/tindakan berisi 10 butir yang mencakup persetujuan, penjadwalan, pendampingan, pencarian informasi, serta respons terhadap kejadian ikutan pascaimunisasi. Perbedaan dalam pasangan diuji menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Pengetahuan tidak berbeda antara ayah dan ibu (selisih rerata = −1,58, SD = 27,57; t(150) = −0,70, p = 0,483; Cohen’s dz ≈ −0,06). Sebaliknya, pengambilan keputusan/tindakan berbeda secara bermakna, dengan skor ayah lebih rendah dibanding ibu (selisih rerata = −38,46, SD = 18,07; t(150) = −26,16, p < 0,001; Cohen’s dz ≈ −2,13). Ibu memiliki skor lebih tinggi pada 9 dari 10 butir, sedangkan ayah lebih sering menyatakan kecenderungan menolak bila ada efek samping. Dengan demikian, hambatan lebih terkonsentrasi pada otoritas keputusan dan pelaksanaan tugas daripada defisit informasi. Program BIAS perlu memperkuat persetujuan yang mendorong diskusi pasangan, komunikasi risiko yang menarget ayah tentang reaksi yang diharapkan dan langkah mencari layanan, serta penyelarasan pesan sekolah kepada kedua orang tua.

Unpacking Caregiver Experiences in Positive Deviance Hearth Programs: Facilitators and Barriers to Sustainable Child Nutrition Interventions in Kenya Koskei, Gladys Chemutai; Karanja, Simon; Ndungu, Zipporah W.; Anino, Calvince Otieno
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 2: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026153

Child undernutrition remains a major and persistent public health problem in Kenya, especially among children under five years of age, despite the implementation of evidence-based community nutrition interventions. The positive deviance hearth programs have demonstrated effectiveness in rehabilitating and improving short-term nutritional outcomes through leveraging locally available foods and positive dietary or caregiving behaviors. However, caregivers' lived experiences and perspectives and factors influencing the sustainability of gains achieved after completion of PDH programs have remained underexplored, with no published evidence yet. The study aimed to fill this research gap by exploring caregivers’ experiences and perspectives regarding perceived barriers and facilitators of sustaining improved child nutrition practices following a six-month positive deviance hearth intervention conducted in Konoin Sub-County, Bomet county, Kenya, from July to August 2025. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted after completion of the PDH intervention in Bomet County among caregivers of children under five years involved in the program. Focused group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Discussions and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and inductive reflexive thematic analysis. NVivo version 14 software used in data analysis. A total of fourteen FDGs and IDIs were conducted. The discussions and interviews revealed two main major themes and several linked sub-themes: (i) facilitating factors (including improved nutrition knowledge and caregiving practices, observable child well-being improvement, and peer learning and community motivation) and (ii) barriers (such as food insecurity and economic limitations, caregiver workload and competing domestic roles, and cultural beliefs and intra-household resistance). The findings highlight that PDH programs are perceived as supportive in promoting nutrition knowledge, positive caregiving behaviors, and motivation to sustain improved practices. However, persistent food insecurity, economic constraints, competing household responsibilities, and cultural resistance were experienced as key barriers to adoption and sustainability of PDH-recommended practices. Therefore, integrating economic, social, and community-based support mechanisms and sustained community engagement is critical for sustaining post-PDH child nutrition practices.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Indonesia: Risk, Prognosis, and Implications for Integrated Care Andini, Jeane; Syakurah , Rizma Adlia; Misnaniarti, Misnaniarti
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 2: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026158

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major and increasingly overlapping public health problems in Indonesia. Evidence suggests that T2DM is associated with a higher risk of active PTB and less favorable treatment-related outcomes, yet Indonesian findings remain fragmented. This structured narrative review synthesized Indonesian studies published between 2020 and 2025 retrieved from Google Scholar and Garuda. Eligible studies examined the association of T2DM with PTB incidence or risk, glycemic control, bacteriological response, treatment duration, mortality, and related modifying factors. Of 442 records identified, 17 studies were included. Most of the included studies were observational and single-center, which limits causal inference and national representativeness. Across the reviewed evidence, T2DM was consistently associated with greater PTB occurrence, with several studies reporting an approximately two- to three-fold higher risk among people with diabetes. PTB incidence within a T2DM cohort was reported as 3.88%. Poor glycemic control, particularly elevated HbA1c, was associated with delayed sputum smear conversion, longer treatment duration, greater clinical severity, and higher mortality risk. Additional modifiers included smoking, poor nutritional status, low education, low income, and close contact with TB cases. In conclusion, in Indonesia, T2DM is strongly associated with increased PTB occurrence and poorer PTB prognosis. Integrated TB–DM screening, closer glycemic monitoring, and stronger continuity of care are needed to improve patient outcomes. ABSTRAK Tuberkulosis paru (TB paru) dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan dua masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama di Indonesia yang semakin banyak muncul secara bersamaan. Bukti yang ada menunjukkan bahwa DMT2 berasosiasi dengan risiko TB paru aktif yang lebih tinggi serta luaran pengobatan yang kurang menguntungkan, namun temuan di Indonesia masih terfragmentasi. Tinjauan naratif terstruktur ini mensintesis studi-studi di Indonesia yang dipublikasikan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2025 dan ditelusuri melalui Google Scholar serta Garuda. Studi yang memenuhi syarat menelaah hubungan DMT2 dengan insidensi atau risiko TB paru, kontrol glikemik, respons bakteriologis, durasi pengobatan, mortalitas, dan faktor-faktor pemodifikasi terkait. Dari 442 rekaman yang diidentifikasi, sebanyak 17 studi dimasukkan. Sebagian besar studi yang diikutkan bersifat observasional dan berasal dari satu pusat layanan, sehingga membatasi inferensi kausal dan keterwakilan nasional. Secara keseluruhan, bukti yang ditinjau menunjukkan bahwa DMT2 secara konsisten berasosiasi dengan kejadian TB paru yang lebih tinggi, dengan beberapa studi melaporkan risiko sekitar dua hingga tiga kali lipat lebih besar pada penderita diabetes. Insidensi TB paru dalam satu kohort DMT2 dilaporkan sebesar 3,88%. Kontrol glikemik yang buruk, terutama kadar HbA1c yang tinggi, berasosiasi dengan keterlambatan konversi sputum BTA, durasi pengobatan yang lebih panjang, keparahan klinis yang lebih tinggi, dan risiko kematian yang lebih besar. Faktor pemodifikasi lain meliputi merokok, status gizi yang buruk, pendidikan rendah, pendapatan rendah, dan riwayat kontak erat dengan pasien TB. Sebagai kesimpulan, di Indonesia, DMT2 berasosiasi kuat dengan meningkatnya kejadian TB paru dan prognosis TB paru yang lebih buruk. Skrining terpadu TB–DM, pemantauan glikemik yang lebih ketat, dan kesinambungan layanan yang lebih baik diperlukan untuk meningkatkan luaran pasien.

Hydration, Hygiene, and Health: Understanding Urinary Tract Infections Awareness in Female University Students Lamem, Md Faiazul Haque; Sahid, Muaj Ibne; Sadia, S; Islam, Tabassum
Journal of Current Health Sciences Vol. 6 No. 2: 2026
Publisher : Utan Kayu Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47679/jchs.2026155

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common among women and pose significant public health challenges, yet data on knowledge, behaviors, and risk factors among female university students in Bangladesh remain limited. This study assessed UTI prevalence, awareness, and related practices among 112 female pharmacy students at R. P. Shaha University. Participants were primarily aged 21–23 years (56.7%), unmarried (91.1%), and urban residents (88.4%). About 32.1% reported a prior UTI, and nearly half (46.4%) consumed 2–3 liters of water daily. While 69.6% correctly identified bacteria as the leading cause, only 37.5% recognized that UTIs can affect multiple urinary tract sites, and 58.3% correctly noted that skin rash is not a typical symptom. Risk behaviors were prevalent, with 81.3% carrying water bottles, 40.2% wearing tight clothing 3–5 hours weekly, 45.5% occasionally delaying urination, and 39.3% consistently consuming fluids before bedtime. Comfort in discussing UTIs with healthcare providers varied, with 32.1% least comfortable and 25.9% most comfortable. These findings reveal substantial knowledge–practice gaps and underscore the need for targeted educational interventions and health promotion strategies to improve UTI prevention and awareness among future healthcare professionals.

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Hamid Mukhlis

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Journal Mail Official jchseditor@gmail.com

Editorial Address UKInstitute Lucky Arya Residence 2 No. 18, Jalan HOS. Cokroaminoto Kab. Pringsewu Lampung - Indonesia, Postal code 35373

Location Unknown, Unknown INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Hamid Mukhlis

Contact Email
me@hamidmukhlis.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
jchseditor@gmail.com

Editorial Address
UKInstitute Lucky Arya Residence 2 No. 18, Jalan HOS. Cokroaminoto Kab. Pringsewu Lampung - Indonesia, Postal code 35373

Location
Unknown,

Unknown

INDONESIA