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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374888     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v11i1
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU merupakan jurnal elektronik yang mempublikasikan karya ilmiah di bidang teknik kimia yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal ini tidak terbatas pada mahasiswa dan dosen Universitas Sumatera Utara, tetapi terbuka untuk mahasiswa, dosen dan peneliti dari instansi lain.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 337 Documents
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Efektivitas Katalis Zeolit Alam Ende pada Pirolisis Polietilena dari Sampah Plastik Bani, Gregorio Antonny
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v12i2.11822

Abstract

The high amount of plastic waste in landfills will pollute the environment. Direct combustion releases pollutants into the air, and recycling is only possible in small quantities. One method to overcome this problem is pyrolysis. However, pyrolysis requires a catalyst such as zeolite to accelerate the reaction rate, lower the activation energy, and improve the basic properties of the pyrolysis liquid. This study aims to characterize the activated natural zeolite Ende and determine the effect of the catalyst from the activated natural Ende zeolite on the activation energy, as well as the quality of the liquid resulting from the pyrolysis. Based on the research results, the activation process could change the degree of crystallinity became 36.63%, the surface area became 74.57 m2/g, the average radius became 20,21 Ã…, the pore volume became 72.34 cm3/g, and the number of acid sites became 4.342 NH3/g zeolite. Ende's active natural zeolite catalyst in the polyethylene pyrolysis process from plastic waste reduced the activation energy to 4,371.1 cal/mol in treating 0.10% catalyst composition from 1 kg of plastic. Increasing the temperature and catalyst improves the quality of pyrolysis oil, but the composition of the catalyst ratio is 0.10% of 1 kg of plastic.
Analisis Kuat Geser Perekat Alami Berbahan Soy Protein Isolate dengan Variasi Natrium Sulfit dan Asam Oksalat Koesman, Steven; Budhijanto; Bennet, David; Pancasakti, Bima
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v12i2.11929

Abstract

Along with the technology development, the use of bioadhesive for medical purpose is a common thing. The purpose of this bioadhesive is to give support for the medication because it can be decomposed and ejected by human body. This research aims to analyze the quality of bioadhesive made of soy protein isolate (SPI) as main ingredient. SPI has food-grade level of safety thus it is safe for human body. This bioadhesive is made by two main processes: denaturation of protein dan acid crosslinking. The processes are done under condition of 55 °C dan atmospheric pressure for 30 minutes dan 10 minutes. Shear strength, wet shear strength, viscosity, solid content, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were done to find out the impact of oxalic acid addition. The best shear strength result obtained was 1.9051 MPa and wet shear strength result was 1.6093 MPa.
Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f.) dengan Pretreatment Microwave dan Distilasi Air-Uap Elvianto Dwi Daryono; Dwi Ana Anggorowati; Firyaal Putri Verdina; Vina Nur Laily
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v12i2.12923

Abstract

Lemon peel is a waste containing essential oils which can be used as an aroma enhancer in food and drinks as well as aromatherapy. This study aims to determine the effect of microwave pretreatment power and time on the extraction of lemon peel essential oil. The research phase began with microwave pretreatment, namely lemon peel was put into the microwave with pretreatment times of 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 6 minutes, 8 minutes, and 10 minutes with microwave power of 100 W, 200 W, and 300 W followed by water-steam distillation 150 g of lemon peel. Furthermore, the distillate is put in a separatory funnel for ± 12 hours to separate the essential oil and water. The top layer is essential oil added ± 5 g of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) to adsorb water. The best conditions for the extraction process of lemon peel essential oil was at 300 W microwave power and 2 minutes of pretreatment which produces clear yellowish lemon peel essential oil with a distinctive lemon smell with a yield of 4.88%, limonene content of 27.501%, and refractive index of 1.48.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pelarut NaOH dan Waktu Aging pada Pembuatan Silika Gel dari Fly Ash Batu Bara Fatimah; Turmuzi, Muhammad; Syam, Zanni Latifah; Yunita, Trisna Putri
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v12i2.13314

Abstract

Fly ash has the potential to be used as a raw material in the production of silica gel. This study aims to characterize fly ash and silica gel, determine the effect of NaOH concentration and aging time on the manufacture of silica gel, and determine the trapping power of silica gel. In this research, the production of silica gel begins with the washing of fly ash using HCl. Next, NaOH is added with varying concentrations of 1.5 N, 2.5 N, 3.5 N, and 4.5 N. The formed Na2SiO3 is then mixed with H2SO4 of 3 N concentration, with aging times of 12 hours, 15 hours, and 18 hours. The highest yield of silica gel is 49.61% at a NaOH concentration of 4.5 N and an aging time of 15 hours. The highest water vapor adsorption capacity of the silica gel is 883.00 mg/g at a NaOH concentration of 3.5 N and an aging time of 15 hours. SEM-EDX characterization results indicate a diverse morphology and size for both fly ash and silica gel. The SiO2 content in fly ash is 41.64%, while in silica gel, it is 41.42%. FTIR characterization of fly ash and silica gel reveals the presence of functional groups such as silanol (Si-O), siloxane (Si-O-Si), and hydroxyl (Si-OH) which are active sites in silica gel.
Pembuatan Sabun Transparan Berbasis Minyak Kelapa dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Buah Pedada (Sonneratia caseolaris) sebagai Bahan Antioksidan Sukeksi, Lilis; Destriadi, Ari; Nicholas, Kevin
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i2.10283

Abstract

Mangrove Apple (Sonneratia caseolaris) is a fruit native from tropical area that has antioxidant activity. This study aims to produce transparent soap with pedada fruit antioxidant enhancing agents and the observation of transparent soap quality in accordance with SNI 03-3532-1994 and antioxidant activity of transparent soap. Research began with pre-treatment process, namely extraction of mangrove apple enhancing agent by maceration and infundation method using methanol and water solvent. The obtained extracts were then added as variation of coconut oil soap production formula. The obtained soaps were then tested for free alkali rate, free fatty acid rate, moisture content, foam stability, pH and antioxidant activity by DPPH method. The antioxidant activity of the obtained soap shows that with the formulation by 0.5 g of methanol maceration extract of mangrove apple resulted in soap with IC50 antioxidant activity of 122.30 μg/mL.
Studi Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Garam Dapur (NaCl) sebagai Larutan Elektrolit dan pH Bahan Baku dalam Pembuatan Biobaterai Kering Berbasis Limbah Kulit Pisang Kepok Sarah, Maya; Zelfi, Elfina Rahmania; Kuswara, Marisa Pancar; Hasibuan, Isti Madinah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.11622

Abstract

Batteries are single-use energy. Battery waste disposed on the ground will produce waste that is difficult to decompose naturally. Batteries contain chemicals that are toxic to soil fertility, such as potassium and sodium. One way to utilize battery waste is to turn it into bio-batteries. This research aims to minimize the waste of batteries and kepok banana peels that are underutilized by making environmentally friendly bio-batteries. This study also determines the voltage, current, and power of kepok banana skin-based bio-batteries. The method used is to conduct biobattery trials using paste from kepok banana peels. The results showed that kepok banana peels could conduct electricity to be used as a paste for bio-battery. The most significant voltage generated is 1.38 volts, while the largest current generated is 0.95 A. This bio-battery can last an average of 3 days 8 hours or 92.5 hours.
Pengaruh Perlakuan Awal terhadap Karakteristik Bioetanol dari Limbah Kulit Singkong Karet (Manihot glaziovii) Yuniarti, Reni; Satria, Arysca Wisnu; Wiandini, Wandha; Zaezarini, Nabhila; Achmad, Feerzet; Yusupandi, Fauzi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.13174

Abstract

Rubber cassava peel waste (Manihot glaziovii) has a high carbohydrate content, so it is feasible to convert it into bioethanol. In general, bioethanol production consists of four steps, pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and purification. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitable treatment for obtaining bioethanol with the finest characteristics from rubber cassava peel using three treatment variations, the pretreatment process with variations in the dissolving ratio of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 0.5 M of 1:10; 1:12.5; and 1:15 (w/v), the hydrolysis process with various concentrations of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) of 0.15 N; 0.30 N; and 0.45 N, and the fermentation process with variations in the fermentation time for 3 days, 7 days, and 9 days. Based on the research results, the highest glucose content was 0.91%, with variations in dissolving NaOH 0.5 M 1:15 (w/v) in the pretreatment process and variations in the concentration of 0.30 N H2SO4 in the hydrolysis process, while the highest ethanol content was 68.05% at a fermentation time of 7 days.
Pengolahan Pati Rumbia menjadi Serbuk Glukosa secara Hidrolisis Enzimatis dengan Variasi Perbandingan Pati dan Air, Suhu Evaporasi, dan Suhu Pengeringan Az’zahrah, Nandyta Rizqi; Dewi, Erwana; Yerizam, Muhammad
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.13327

Abstract

Glucose is a simple sugar that can be used as an sucrose alternative. Rumbia starch is rich in carbohydrates and abundant in Indonesia, potentially being used as a raw material for the production of glucose powder. The process involves starch hydrolysis, evaporation, and drying. The purpose of this study was to obtain optimal conditions of reducing sugar content, evaporation, and drying temperature based on variations in starch and water ratio (1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6), evaporation temperature (100 °C and 115 °C), and drying temperature (50 °C, and 70 °C). From this study, the optimal ratio of starch and water was 1:4 with a reduced sugar content of 99,77%. The optimal evaporation temperature was 115 °C, the brix content obtained is 85%, and the optimal drying temperature was 70°C, the water content obtained is 3,60%. Based on SNI of glucose, the glucose powder products meet the standard for water content and ash content. However, only in the ratio of starch and water 1:4 and 1:5, the reducing sugar content met the SNI of glucose.
Karakterisasi Biofilm Selulosa Bakteri dengan Modifikasi Gliserol secara Ex Situ Panjaitan, Vera Diana; Iriany; Sukeksi, Lilis
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.13560

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is biomaterial from bacterial fermentation that contain high purity of cellulose, but 90% of BC pellicles retained water from the fermentation process. In this study, BC was modified with glycerol immersion in different concentrations (0%; 2,5%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%). For wide application, water content on BC must be removed by drying. Various oven drying condition are temperature 80 °C and 120 °C and time 60 minutes. The physical and mechanical properties of the dried BC biofilm were determined including tensile strength and elasticity. BC biofilm bound was identified by FTIR and EDX. The results showed that glycerol concentration was able to increase biofilm elasticity from 3.46% to 27.743%. However, glycerol immersion above 7.5% caused a decrease in the tensile strength of BC biofilm. The drying variation of 120 °C produces the highest tensile strength of 7.161 MPa when soaked in 7.5% glycerol. The drying variation of 80 °C produced a biofilm with the best elasticity of 27.473%. The results of FTIR and EDX analysis confirmed that there were differences in the contents of the modified BC.
Pengaruh Kenaikan Laju Alir Fluida Panas dan Arah Aliran terhadap Kinerja Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger Achmad, Feerzet; Naldi, Roy; Uzlifah Janah, Dikri; Sufra, Rifqi; Yuniarti, Reni
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.14321

Abstract

Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger (PFHE) is a plate and frame type heat exchanger that is efficient and effective in improving energy efficiency. Research using PFHE aims to determine the effect of increasing the flow rate of hot fluid on heat exchanger performance. This research was conducted at a flow rate variation of 0.7 L/min, 0.9 L/min, 1.1 L/min, 1.3 L/min, 1.5 L/min, 1.7 L/min, and 1.8 L/min with 180 seconds of testing each variation and recording data every 2 seconds. The cold fluid used is tap water and the hot fluid used is distilled water. The results showed that with the increase in hot fluid flow rate, the performance of PFHE also increased because the effectiveness of NTU (Ɛ-NTU) increased. The Ɛ-NTU value of unidirectional flow is 25.37% - 44.87% and in the opposite direction 37% - 68.39%. The largest Ɛ-NTU value in the countercurrent flow indicates that the countercurrent flow is more effective than the unidirectional flow. In addition, increasing the flow rate increases the Reynold's number (Nre) and Nusselt's number (Nu) which indicates the greatest convection heat transfer occurs at the highest flow rate.

Page 31 of 34 | Total Record : 337

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