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Utsaha: Journal of Entrepreneurship
Published by JF Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28098501     DOI : https://doi.org/10.56943/joe
Core Subject : Economy,
UTSAHA is Scientific Journal of Entrepreneurship that has specificities in fields of Management and Entrepreneur such as: Entrepreneurship and Ethics Entrepreneurship and Administration Entrepreneurship Education Corporate Entrepreneurship Social Entrepreneurship Sustainable Entrepreneurship SMEs Entrepreneurship Business Education Development on Learning Materials, Teaching models, and Learning Media Management (such as Marketing Management, Financial Management, HR Management, Operation/Production Management, Business Management, etc.) Economic Entrepreneurship Technopreneur etc
Articles 116 Documents
An Integrated Governance Framework for SME Performance and Socio-Economic Development: The Bora SME Performance System in Cambodia Bora Khath
UTSAHA: Journal of Entrepreneurship Vol. 5 Issue 2 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56943/joe.v5i2.998

Abstract

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a significant role in economic growth, employment generation, and business development, particularly in emerging economies. However, many SMEs continue to face governance, performance management, and human capital development challenges that limit long-term sustainability and competitiveness. This study proposes the Bora SME Performance System (BPS) as an integrated governance framework designed to support SME performance and organizational capability development. The framework consists of five core dimensions: Profit Engine, Process Discipline, Performance Control, People Accountability, and Potential Development. In addition, the study conceptually introduces a balanced integration between Human Resource Management (HRM) and Human Capital Management (HCM) to strengthen both operational performance and workforce capability development. Drawing on the Resource-Based View, Human Capital Theory, and contemporary governance literature, this study develops a conceptual model linking governance structures, organizational capability, and SME performance outcomes. The framework contributes to SME governance literature by offering a simplified and context-relevant model for emerging economies. The study also provides practical implications for SME leaders, consultants, and policymakers seeking to improve organizational sustainability and competitiveness. Future research is recommended to empirically validate the proposed framework across different industries and institutional contexts.
Efficiency is the Goal, Workload is the Reality: Organizational Restructuring, Job Description, and KPI Misalignment at PT WKB Indonesia Zahrannisa Nur Tresnantari; Trias Setiawati
UTSAHA: Journal of Entrepreneurship Vol. 5 Issue 2 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56943/joe.v5i2.1004

Abstract

constraints, yet its human consequences at the operational level remain underexplored, particularly in small-to-medium-sized enterprises within developing economies. This study examines the restructuring implemented at PT WKB, an Indonesian edutech company, focusing on employee perceptions of the restructuring process, job description adjustments, and the post-restructuring key performance indicator system. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through a single case study design, with data collected from six purposively selected informants via semi-structured interviews, internal documents, and observation, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. Findings indicate that while the restructuring achieved structural efficiency through workforce reduction and hierarchy flattening, it simultaneously produced workload intensification, role ambiguity, and a persistent misalignment between formal performance indicators and employees' actual contributions. Employees demonstrated adaptive tolerance rather than overt resistance, absorbing expanded responsibilities while experiencing strain from volatile directives and diminished autonomy. The study introduces adaptive tolerance as a distinct behavioral response in resource-constrained restructuring contexts and identifies the temporal lag between structural change and performance framework revision as the primary mechanism of KPI misalignment, offering practical implications for human resource practitioners managing organizational transitions.
CSR and Corporate Sustainability: The Mediating Roles of Financial Performance and Legitimacy Linda Yuliani Hutadjulu
UTSAHA: Journal of Entrepreneurship Vol. 5 Issue 2 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56943/joe.v5i2.1007

Abstract

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has evolved from a philanthropic obligation into a strategic instrument through which firms pursue long-term sustainability. Despite growing scholarly interest, the mechanisms connecting CSR to sustainability outcomes remain insufficiently examined, particularly in developing economy contexts. This study investigates how CSR contributes to corporate sustainability through two parallel mediating pathways, financial performance and social legitimacy, drawing on legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, and positive accounting theory as an integrated analytical framework. A systematic literature review of Scopus-indexed publications from 2021 to 2025 was conducted, with findings synthesised through classification, thematic analysis, and critical evaluation. The results confirm that CSR positively influences corporate sustainability, financial performance, and institutional legitimacy, supporting all three hypotheses proposed. These effects are conditional on implementation quality and the institutional environment in which firms operate. In emerging markets, including Indonesia, firms frequently adopt CSR in response to regulatory pressure rather than genuine strategic commitment, which constrains the financial and legitimacy gains that substantive engagement would otherwise generate. This study extends prior research by showing that financial performance and legitimacy function as simultaneous and mutually reinforcing mediators rather than independent channels, and it challenges the assumption that a positive CSR-sustainability relationship is universally applicable. The findings offer practical guidance for firms and policymakers in developing economies navigating rapidly expanding sustainable finance regulations.
Factors Influencing Student Satisfaction and Loyalty: A SEM-Based Study in Phnom Penh Universities Chanbolin Heng; Sophearith Yeun; Ratha Sor
UTSAHA: Journal of Entrepreneurship [IN PRESS] Vol. 5 Issue 3 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56943/joe.v5i3.1010

Abstract

Student satisfaction and loyalty are important indicators of institutional success in higher education. This study empirically validated a conceptual model of student satisfaction and loyalty in Phnom Penh universities, Cambodia. Building upon the structured literature review, the study identified five key determinants of student satisfaction, namely teaching quality, college administration, campus life and social integration, infrastructure facilities, and institution reputation. A quantitative research design was employed using online survey data collected from 450 of year 2 to year 4 students in two private universities in Phnom Penh. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SPSS Amos 23 was applied to test the hypothesized relationships between constructs. The measurement model was assessed using reliability and validity tests, while the structural model was evaluated through path coefficients, t-statistics, and R2 analysis. The results indicated that teaching quality was the most significant factor affecting student satisfaction, followed by institution reputation, infrastructure facilities, and campus life and social integration, while college administration had a positive but an insignificant impact on student satisfaction. Moreover, student loyalty was significantly influenced by student satisfaction. This study contributes to theoretical framework regarding to student satisfaction and loyalty under the context of tertiary education in Cambodia. In practice, the findings can help university managers develop strategies for attracting and retaining students in the increasingly competitive higher education environment.
Business Strategy, Technological Capability, and MSME Performance: The Mediating Role of Competitive Advantage King Abdul Aziz; Sunu Puguh Hayu Triono
UTSAHA: Journal of Entrepreneurship [IN PRESS] Vol. 5 Issue 3 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56943/joe.v5i3.1017

Abstract

Micro, small, and medium enterprises operating within free trade zones face intensifying competitive pressures that demand both strategic clarity and technological readiness to sustain business performance. Despite growing scholarly attention to strategy and technology as performance drivers, their simultaneous examination within a mediated structural model remains limited in open industrial zone contexts. This study investigates the influence of business strategy and technological capability on MSME business performance in Batam City, Indonesia, with competitive advantage as a mediating variable. A quantitative explanatory design was employed, with data collected from 350 MSME respondents through a structured Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS 4.1. All seven hypotheses were supported. Both constructs significantly and positively affect competitive advantage and business performance, with technological capability producing the strongest path coefficient in the model, particularly toward competitive advantage. Competitive advantage partially mediates both the strategy-performance and technology-performance relationships. The findings extend the Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities Theory to the MSME free trade zone setting and offer guidance for practitioners and policymakers seeking to support technology-driven competitive development.
Strategic Human Resource Management Responses to Teacher Shortage in Indonesian Rural Vocational Schools Fitriatul Maqfiroh; Anindya Prastiwi Setiawati; Nugrahini Susantinah Wisnujati
UTSAHA: Journal of Entrepreneurship [IN PRESS] Vol. 5 Issue 3 (2026)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56943/joe.v5i3.1021

Abstract

The shortage of qualified teachers in private vocational schools located in rural and remote regions of Indonesia represents a persistent structural challenge that directly undermines educational continuity and institutional sustainability. This study investigates the factors contributing to educator shortages at SMKS Al Fajar Parenggean, East Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan, and analyses the strategic human resource management responses adopted by the school in addressing these conditions. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews with the school principal, productive teachers, and Dapodik operators, complemented by participatory observation and documentation review. Data were analysed using the Miles, Huberman, and SaldaƱa interactive model, with validity established through source and theoretical triangulation. Three principal causal factors were identified: teacher migration to government institutions through ASN/PPPK recruitment, the exclusionary provisions of the Dapodik registration system, and the absence of certified Dayak language instructors following mandatory regional language policy enforcement. The school responded by implementing five integrated SHRM elements, namely adaptive leadership, community-based alumni recruitment, cross-disciplinary staffing collaboration, strategic workforce planning, and performance review, supported by social media-based digital literacy development. The findings demonstrate that locally grounded SHRM, anchored in community networks and indigenous cultural competencies, constitutes a viable and replicable adaptive governance framework for rural vocational schools confronting structural human resource constraints.

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