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Asian Journal of Health Research
Published by Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur
ISSN : 28292979     EISSN : 28289269     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Asian Journal of Health Research (AJHR) is an open access journal published by Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur and launched in 2022. This journal is peer reviewed publishing to communicate high quality research, general articles, and all fundamental research/ clinical studies relevant to health science. The journal publishes articles Medical Sciences scope including (Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pediatrics, Internal medicine, Ophthalmology, Surgery, Neurology, Otolaryngology, Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Dermatovenerology, Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Urology, neurosurgery, Cardiothoracic surgery, Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Plastic Reconstructive Surgery and Aesthetics, Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Forensic Medicine, and Medicolegal, Psychiatry Medicine and Rehabilitation). AJHR journal is published three times per year in April, August, and December.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 160 Documents
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Case Report: Radical Vulvectomy V-Y Flap Surgical Procedure in a Woman with Vulva Cancer Dionisius Christian Bria Seran; Yahya Irwanto; Arif Satria Hardika
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Volume 3 No 2 (August) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i2.172

Abstract

Introduction: Vulva cancer is one of the relatively rare malignancies, accounting for only 4% of all malignancies in gynecologic organs. Vulva cancer is often asymptomatic. Surgery is the basic management in patients with earliest-stage vulvar cancer and frequently requires a combined radical vulvectomy followed by inguinal LN dissection through a separate incision. Therefore, the author hopes this case can add insight into the knowledge related to early detection and comprehensive management of vulva cancer. Case Presentation: A woman, 67 years old, referred from Gambiran General Hospital Kediri with a vaginal biopsy result of vulva cancer, came to the Saiful Anwar General Hospital oncology clinic. The patient complained of pain in the pubic area accompanied by tissue growth around the pubic area since August 2023. History of weight loss (+) 10 kg in the past year. History of menopause since 18 years ago. The examination results obtained vital signs: BP 132/79 mmHg, pulse 128x/min, RR 20x/min, temperature 36.5C, height 155 cm, weight 40kg, and BMI 16.64 kg / m2 (underweight). Physical examination of external genitalia revealed a 12x8 cm mass on the right vulva, odour (+). The results of the vulvar biopsy examination on 25/08/2023 were found to be squamous cell carcinoma, well differentiated. The patient is planned for elective-wide excision. The management performed was radical vulvectomy with V-Y flap reconstruction surgery. Conclusion: In this case, it can be concluded vulva cancer is a relatively rare malignancy. The subtype often found is SCC (90-95%). This patient planned for radical vulvectomy using the V-Y flap reconstruction technique with SAB.
Endometriosis and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review Pande Putu Firsta Widyaning
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Volume 3 No 2 (August) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i2.173

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic condition characterized by the aberrant distribution of functional tissue outside of the uterus, such as endometrial ducts and stroma. It is dependent on estrogen. Cardiovascular disease may be more prevalent in women who have endometriosis. Materials/Methods: Using the following keywords: "atherosclerosis," "cardiovascular disease," "cardiovascular risk," "chronic inflammation," "dyslipidaemia," "endometriosis," and "endothelial dysfunction," we searched for publications published between 2017 and 2022. A thorough literature search was conducted using a variety of search engines, such as PubMed, Cochrane, Springer, Science Direct, Nature, and Google Scholar. The literature selection was conducted using the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P).. Results: In women with endometriosis, four studies reported an elevated risk and incidence of cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease. A study reported a substantial increase in the lipid profile value of patients with endometriosis, a known risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease is more likely to strike women who have endometriosis.
Effectiveness of Flavonoids as Osteoporosis Prevention in Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Rulitasari; Ariq Fadhil Athalah; Fida Nabila Purnomo; Muhammad Azri Ismail; Raihan Ilyasa Rizkullah
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Volume 3 No 2 (August) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i2.176

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis impacts over 200 million people globally, especially those aged 70 and above, with a prevalence of 18.3% worldwide and 10.3% in Indonesia. Diagnosis is based on WHO criteria of -2.5 SD or lower BMD, often caused by aging or medications like glucocorticoids. Treatment includes lifestyle changes, supplements, and drugs like HRT and bisphosphonates despite HRT's risks. Flavonoids from plants have shown potential in bone health through RCTs, explored in this review via serum biomarkers. This systematic review seeks to investigate the potential effectiveness of flavonoid in managing osteoporosis in patients by analyzing serum bone biomarkers Materials/Methods: A literature search across six databases assessed changes in BMD and other serum bone biomarkers in studies using flavonoid interventions like extracts, genistein, resveratrol, and isolated soy protein. Study quality was evaluated with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2, and 12 articles were included in the review. Results: Twelve studies revealed that the intervention group experienced significantly greater mean changes in BMD and BAP values compared to the control group following flavonoid treatment (P<0.05). The studies also showed that flavonoid notably increased several bone formation markers, such as osteocalcin, and reduced bone resorption markers, including DPD, TRACP-5b, and bCTX. Conclusion: Flavonoid intervention has been shown to effectively enhance bone mineral density and improve serum bone biomarkers. This study highlights the potential of flavonoids as a treatment option for patients with osteoporosis.
A Pilot Study to Unveiling the Link Between Physical Fitness and Cognitive Health in Early Vs. Late Diagnosed Diabetic Patients Arbind Kumar Choudhary; Yogendra Raj Singh; Pramod Kumar; Altaf Ahmad Mir; Ashutosh Kumar Mishra
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Volume 3 No 2 (August) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i2.178

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic health condition that adversely affects various organ systems. However, its influence on physical fitness and cognitive health has yet to be thoroughly investigated, especially the timing of diagnosis. Material and Methods: For our analysis, we examined 40 diabetic patients and divided them into two groups based on how long they had been diagnosed: early (≤ 5 years) and late (≥ 6 years). Participants were subjected to a battery of physical fitness tests, including evaluations of upper and lower body strength, Coordination, and aerobic endurance. Additionally, cognitive assessments such as the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were administered. The data were analyzed by conducting independent sample t-tests to compare the two groups. Results: The study revealed notable disparities between the groups diagnosed early and those diagnosed late. Individuals who were diagnosed later experienced less favorable results in physical fitness evaluations, including handgrip strength, 6-minute walk distance aerobic endurance, and heart rate variability, as well as lower scores in all cognitive assessments. These findings suggest that a prolonged period of untreated diabetes can have detrimental effects on both physical and cognitive health outcomes. Conclusion: To preserve both physical and cognitive functions, it is crucial to diagnose and manage diabetes early. The significance of prompt intervention has the potential to shape future recommendations on the treatment and detection of diabetes to enhance health outcomes.
KRAS Inhibition in Colorectal Cancer: Current Insights, Clinical Successes, and Ongoing Challenges Memon, Furqan; Nadeem, Momina; Bah, Chernor Sulaiman; Sulaiman, Muhammad; Hani, Umm-E; Silumbwe, Ceaser Wankumbu; Khan, Muhammad Ali Amin; Mulumba, Julius; Zou, Jianjun; Yuan, Shengtao
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Volume 3 No 3 (December) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i3.180

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent advancements in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment have been significantly impacted by KRAS-targeted therapies, notably sotorasib and adagrasib, which specifically inhibit the KRAS G12C mutation. Despite these advancements, challenges persist, such as the rare occurrence of the KRAS G12C mutation in some tumors and complex resistance mechanisms. This review aims to assess recent developments in KRAS-targeted therapies, address ongoing challenges, and explore innovative strategies to improve treatment outcomes. Material and Methods: The review examined recent studies on KRAS-targeted therapies, focusing on sotorasib and adagrasib’s efficacy and resistance mechanisms. It explored emerging strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors, RAS-related pathway inhibitors, PROTACs, and CRISPR interventions, and assessed personalized, multidisciplinary approaches integrating surgery, chemotherapy, and tailored therapies. Results: Sotorasib and adagrasib have demonstrated effectiveness in targeting KRAS G12C, although success varies with individual patient profiles. Resistance to these therapies often involves secondary mutations or activation of alternative pathways. Innovative strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and PROTACs, hold promise for overcoming these resistance challenges. Personalized, multidisciplinary approaches that incorporate KRAS mutation profiles and tissue-specific characteristics are proving beneficial. Conclusion: KRAS-targeted therapies, such as sotorasib and adagrasib, represent significant advancements in CRC treatment, though challenges like mutation rarity and resistance persist. Emerging strategies and personalized, multidisciplinary treatment plans offer hope for overcoming these obstacles and improving patient outcomes. Continued research and innovation are essential for addressing these challenges and enhancing treatment efficacy.
Lutetium-Specific Prostatic Membrane Antigen (LuPSMA) Treatment for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Paixão, Sanna Verena Moreira; Silva, Carlos Danilo Cardoso Matos
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Volume 3 No 3 (December) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i3.182

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, with the majority of cases occurring in low-income countries. There are more than a hundred types, divided into sarcomas and carcinomas. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men and is usually asymptomatic. Treatment depends on the stage of the disease and may include surgery, hormone therapy, and radiation therapy. In advanced stages, new treatments such as the radiopharmaceutical LuPSMA are investigated to improve patients' quality of life. Material and Methods: An exploratory-descriptive literature review was conducted using qualitative methods. Data collection spanned 2019–2024, sourcing relevant studies from LILACS, SciELO, and PubMed. Search terms included "Prostate Neoplasms," "Lutetium," and "Positron Emission Tomography combined with Computed Tomography," using both Portuguese and English with the boolean operator "AND." After screening 189 articles for relevance, 30 met the inclusion criteria. Results: Theranostic treatment with LuPSMA demonstrated significant improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival in mCRPC patients. The therapy was well-tolerated, with manageable adverse effects. However, challenges remain in predicting outcomes for patients with low PSMA expression. Conclusion: LuPSMA therapy has shown promise in enhancing survival rates and quality of life for mCRPC patients, offering a well-tolerated alternative to conventional treatments. However, there are uncertainties about the therapeutic response and prognosis in patients with low PSMA expression, indicating the need for further research. The study has contributed to imaging and oncology, offering new perspectives on alternative therapies for metastatic cancer and serving as a basis for future investigations into imaging-guided radionuclide therapies.
Radiology Finding of Endometriosis Malignant Transformation into Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Case Soetanto, Astri; Mardiyana, Lies
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Volume 3 No 3 (December) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i3.184

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: One of the risk factors for ovarian cancer is endometriosis. The most prevalent type of ovarian cancer linked to endometriosis is ovarian clear cell carcinoma. The CT scan examination helps identify the type of treatment for each mass lesion and distinguishes endometriomas from other lesions. Case Presentation: MSCT was done on a 42 years old female with abdominal pain and distention over a year; showed a cystic mass (16HU) with solid component (36HU) partly unclear borders, irregular edges, with dimensions ± 14.3 x 16.8 x 16.3 cm in the pelvic and abdominal cavity, impression originates from the adnexas, when administered contrast shows an increased enhancement in contrast (83HU), also found free fluid density(17HU) in abdominal cavity, suggestive malignant ovarian mass. A pathology anatomy examination was done and confirmed clear cell carcinoma of the left ovary, endometriotic cyst in the right ovary, and external endometriosis in the omentum. Conclusion: Endometriosis rarely develops into clear ovarian cell carcinoma; the preoperative characterization of an ovarian cyst and the CT appearance of ruptured endometriotic cysts are comparatively distinct from those of burst functional cysts.
Economic Burden of Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Yuspa, Ripandi
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Volume 3 No 3 (December) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i3.185

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis, marked by uterine-like tissue growth outside the uterus, causes severe pelvic pain and infertility. Delayed diagnosis contributes to its significant global economic burden, especially in Europe and the USA. Despite treatment advances, managing endometriosis remains challenging. Comprehensive strategies are urgently needed to reduce its economic impact and improve patient outcomes. Material and Methods: We searched for English-language full-text literature from PubMed, Cochrane, Wiley Library, and ScienceDirect databases from January 2013 to January 2024. Total of 951 studies were identified, and 14 studies were included, providing comprehensive data on the economic burden of endometriosis, including direct healthcare costs and productivity losses. Results: The economic burden of endometriosis, based on 14 studies, is substantial, reflecting both direct healthcare costs and productivity losses. Average annual costs per woman ranged from EUR 8,768 in Sweden to Int $16,970-$20,898 in Australia. Non-surgical treatments in the USA were more cost-effective than surgery, costing $100,000 per QALY. In the UK, the LNG-IUS was the most expensive treatment at £650.94. Costs in China for various therapies ranged up to $10,728 with differing ICERs. Conclusion: These findings underscore the significant economic impact and the need for cost-effective management strategies: costs and productivity losses. Effective management strategies are essential to mitigate these costs.
Prevalence of Endometriosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review Ghinantia Athaya Putri; Emiliana Da Costa Margarida; Muhammad Faisal Azis
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Volume 3 No 3 (December) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i3.192

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is generally known as a condition that occurs in reproductive-age women, but cases in menopausal women have also been reported, especially in those who have received postmenopausal hormone therapy. The prevalence of endometriosis in menopausal women can reach 2.2% of all diagnosed cases of endometriosis. Material and Methods: There are 4 articles included from 3 databases. Several databases used included PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis. The sample population included postmenopausal patients with endometriosis. Exclusion criteria included non-peer-reviewed journals, non-human research study designs, and grey literature. 4 articles are showing that endometriosis can occur in postmenopausal women. The articles show that the prevalence of endometriosis in postmenopausal women is around 2-20% where the diagnosis is made based on a combination of laparoscopic visualization and histological confirmation. Results: The occurrence of endometriosis in postmenopausal women can occur due to various risk factors, including the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and obesity because it can increase estrogen levels, which results in the development of endometriosis. Therefore, it is important to recognize that endometriosis is not only limited to women of productive age but can also occur in those who have passed menopause because they are often suspected of being malignant. Conclusion: In general, patients with endometriosis have a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer. But, the clinical picture of endometriosis in menopausal patients is nonspecific. This makes endometriosis often experience a delay in diagnosis, especially in elderly patients. Postmenopausal women with endometriosis should be treated with surgery.
Comparison between The Efficacy of Concurrent Chemo-Radiation with Gemcitabine Followed by Intracavitary Radiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Cervical Carcinoma Tania, Afroja Begum; Alam, Sarwar; Ghosh, Ashim Kumar; Quader, Rezwanul; Mahmud, Tasnim
Asian Journal of Health Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Volume 3 No 3 (December) 2024
Publisher : Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Wilayah Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55561/ajhr.v3i3.193

Abstract

Introduction: Commonest threatening cancer in our Asian round is Cervical cancer. Currently, platinum-based concurrent chemo-radiation therapy is the standard of care for locally advanced cervical cancer but treatment results are disappointing, particularly for women with bulky tumors. To improve this result, several non-platinum-based agents with concurrent chemo-radiation have been evolved. Material and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study, where 33 patients with untreated invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix of stage IIB to stage IVA were enrolled in the study from the Radiation Oncology Department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from April 2019 to March 2020. Duration of the study was 2 years. All patients received 150 mg/m² of Gemcitabine weekly along with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). EBRT dose was 50 Gy in 25 daily fractions followed by intracavitary radiotherapy (ICRT) of 21 Gy in 3 fractions. Results: The mean patient age was 45.4 years. Most patients were in stage IIB (59.1%) with moderately differentiated tumors (62.1%). After three months of treatment, 81.8% showed complete response, 12.1% partial response, and 6.1% disease progression. Grade 2 and 3 hematological toxicities were common, including anemia (60.6% grade 2; 24.2% grade 3) and neutropenia (24.2% grade 2; 6.1% grade 3). Other side effects included diarrhea (42.4%), proctitis (36.4%), skin toxicity (45.5%), mild renal toxicity (3%), and grade 2 cystitis (9.1%). Conclusion: Gemcitabine-based concurrent chemo-radiation is a potential alternative for patients contraindicated for Cisplatin. However, larger randomized studies are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy.

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