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Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima
Published by Universitas Prima Indonesia
ISSN : 28289994     EISSN : 28289994     DOI : https://doi.org/10.34012/bkkp
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Media publikasi ilmiah di bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan yang terbit dua kali dalam setahun yaitu pada bulan Maret dan September. Berisi tulisan hasil penelitian lapangan atau laboratorium maupun studi pustaka dari bidang ilmu seperti kedokteran klinis, kedokteran tropis, kedokteran gigi, biomedis, farmasi klinis dan kesehatan masyarakat.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 252 Documents
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Vocal fold leukoplakia: Diagnostic approaches, risk stratification, and management of laryngeal premalignant lesions Farhat, Muhammad Fauzi
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8330

Abstract

Background: Vocal cord leukoplakia is a diverse epithelial condition with indeterminate biological characteristics, resulting in ongoing conflict between early oncological intervention and voice preservation. To integrate current knowledge about diagnostic methodologies, risk classification, and the management of vocal cord leukoplakia and associated laryngeal precancerous lesions. Method: This narrative literature review focused on English-language journal papers published from 2016 to April 2026, with the final selection restricted to studies published in Scopus-indexed publications. Primary cohort studies, diagnostic investigations, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and a 2021 position document from the European Laryngological Society were given top priority. Results: The most consistent message from recent research is that combining white-light laryngoscopy with stroboscopy, narrowband imaging, and histopathology makes diagnosis more accurate. Lesions that are rough, thick, hyperemic, and non-vibrating and have an unusual vascular pattern are more likely to lead to severe dysplasia or cancer. Histologic grade, on the other hand, is still the most important factor in determining whether a tumor will turn malignant over time. Conservative treatment seems best for certain modest lesions. On the other hand, suspicious, persistent, recurrent, or histologically progressed lesions usually need a biopsy or excision. Conclusion: Contemporary management options for vocal cord leukoplakia must be multimodal, risk-adapted, and explicitly associated with longitudinal surveillance. Future research should concentrate on standardized scoring systems, external validation of optical biopsy instruments, and biomarker-driven predictive models.
Risk factors and musculoskeletal disorder complaints among desk workers at PDAM Tirtanadi, Medan City Vanessa Gafar; Cristyn Renata Situmorang; Santy Deasy Siregar
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8358

Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent a major occupational health concern, especially among computer-based workers. This study examined individual and occupational risk factors associated with MSD complaint levels among workers at PDAM Tirtanadi in Medan City. Method: Using an analytical cross-sectional survey design, we recruited 150 respondents through purposive sampling. Data collection involved the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to assess MSD complaints and the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) to evaluate work postures. Analysis employed the chi-square test. Results: Most workers (64.0%) reported high MSD complaint levels. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations with work posture, age, and work tenure. High-risk work posture emerged as the dominant factor: 83.8% of workers in this category reported high MSD complaint levels. Older age (69.3%) and longer work tenure (69.4%) also associated with high MSD complaint levels. No significant associations appeared with gender (p=0.146) or body mass index (p=0.718). Conclusion: Non-ergonomic work postures, older age, and longer work tenure were the primary predictors of MSD complaints in this population. Management should implement an ergonomics program that addresses workstation design, posture training, and work scheduling to promote worker health.
Contamination with Escherichia coli in jumbo iced tea sold on Ayahanda Street, Medan: A Most Probable Number (MPN) approach Santa Ronauli Matondang; Edy Fachrial; Wienaldi Wienaldi
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8422

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal diseases are primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water, including ready to consume beverages like jumbo iced tea commonly sold by street vendors in urban areas. These beverages are highly susceptible to environmental contamination due to open air preparation and serving. This study aims to identify and quantify coliform bacteria in jumbo iced tea sold on Ayahanda Street, Medan. Method: A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, analyzing five samples selected via purposive sampling in February 2026. The microbiological contamination was evaluated using the Most Probable Number (MPN) approach, which consisted of presumptive, confirmed, and completed tests. Results: The results revealed that all samples tested positive for coliform bacteria, presenting MPN values ranging from 240 to greater than 1100 MPN/100 mL. These findings completely violate the microbiological quality standards for safe drinking water, which strictly require 0 MPN/100 mL. Furthermore, isolation on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar exhibited metallic green colonies, confirming the specific presence of Escherichia coli in all tested beverages. Conclusion: In conclusion, jumbo iced tea sold in this specific region is heavily contaminated with fecal coliforms, rendering it entirely unfit for human consumption. These findings highlight the critical necessity for strict implementation of food sanitation and hygiene practices during food processing and serving to mitigate severe public health risks.
Association between knowledge level, motivation, and family support and medication adherence among patients with diabetes mellitus at Hamparan Perak Community Health Center Eka Lolita Eliyanti Pakpahan; Risa Chairani; Dameria Dameria
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8438

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder requiring consistent medication adherence to prevent severe complications, including cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and lower-extremity amputation. Adherence is influenced by multiple factors, including patient knowledge, internal motivation, and family support. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between these three factors and medication adherence among diabetes mellitus patients at the Hamparan Perak Primary Health Center. Method: A descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. The population comprised 256 diabetes mellitus patients registered at the health center, from which 156 participants were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data were collected using validated structured questionnaires assessing knowledge, motivation, family support, and medication adherence. Data analysis included univariate analysis for frequency distributions and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test (α=0.05). Results: The results showed that most respondents demonstrated good medication adherence (35.9%), good knowledge (42.3%), high motivation (34.6%), and high family support (48.7%). Bivariate analysis revealed statistically significant relationships between medication adherence and knowledge (p<0.001), motivation (p<0.001), and family support (p<0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge, motivation, and family support with medication adherence among diabetes mellitus patients. These findings underscore the need for targeted educational programs, motivational counseling, and family-inclusive interventions at primary health care facilities to enhance therapeutic compliance and improve clinical outcomes.
Association between sleep patterns, dietary habits, and work stress and hypertension incidence at Medan Johor Community Health Center Septiani Anggraini Pertiwi Halawa; Eka Lolita Eliyanti Pakpahan; Dameria Dameria
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8439

Abstract

Background: Hypertension has emerged as a major public health challenge in urban settings such as Medan City, where modern lifestyle transformations have led to deteriorated sleep quality, imbalanced dietary patterns, and elevated work-related stress levels among the working-age population. This study aimed to analyze the association between sleep patterns, dietary habits, and work-related stress with the incidence of hypertension at the Medan Johor Community Health Center.  Method: A quantitative analytical observational study employing a cross-sectional design was conducted. The study population comprised all primary hypertension patients aged 20 to 40 years registered at the health center, from which 99 participants were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data collection utilized validated modified instruments including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Food Frequency Questionnaire, and Workplace Stress Scale, alongside direct blood pressure measurements using a sphygmomanometer. Univariate analysis described frequency distributions, while bivariate analysis employed the Chi-square test with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: The results revealed that the majority of respondents exhibited poor sleep quality (64.6%), moderate dietary habits (58.6%), moderate work-related stress levels (55.6%), and confirmed hypertension (62.6%). Bivariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant associations between sleep patterns and hypertension incidence (p<0.001), dietary habits and hypertension incidence (p<0.001), and work-related stress and hypertension incidence (p<0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that poor sleep quality, unhealthy dietary patterns, and elevated work-related stress are significantly associated with increased hypertension risk. The study concludes that multidimensional lifestyle interventions addressing sleep hygiene, nutritional balance, and workplace stress management are essential for hypertension prevention and control in primary health care settings.
Occupational stress and fatigue as risk factors for hypertension among employees at PT. Perkebunan Milano, Kebun Sei Daun Eva Ellya Sibagariang; Jesika Meyanti Saragih; Hartono Hartono
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8440

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a major public health problem with increasing prevalence and is a primary risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. Workers exposed to work stress and work fatigue are at higher risk. This study aimed to determine the relationship between work stress and work fatigue with the incidence of hypertension among employees at PT. Milano Kebun Sei Daun.  Method: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. The population comprised all 52 employees, and total sampling was used to include all as respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires, observation sheets, and blood pressure measurements. Univariate analysis described frequency distributions, and bivariate analysis used the chi-square test (α=0.05). Results: The study found that 14 respondents (26.9%) had hypertension. Among those with high work stress, 2 had hypertension; among those with high work fatigue, 3 had hypertension. Chi-square tests showed significant associations between work stress and hypertension (p=0.044) and between work fatigue and hypertension (p<0.001). Conclusion: There are significant relationships between work stress and work fatigue with the incidence of hypertension among employees at PT. Milano Kebun Sei Daun. Workplace interventions to reduce stress and fatigue are recommended.
Coffee consumption and lifestyle factors associated with hypertension risk in working-age residents of Tanjung Gusta, Medan Ulan Azmi; Eva Ellya Sibagariang; Hartono Hartono
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8447

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease with increasing prevalence, including among productive age adults. Coffee consumption habits and unhealthy lifestyles are suspected to increase the risk of hypertension. This study aimed to determine the relationship between coffee consumption and lifestyle with the incidence of hypertension among productive age adults in Tanjung Gusta Village, Medan City.  Method: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 98 respondents selected using accidental sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and blood pressure measurement using a sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Among 98 respondents, 18 (18.4%) had hypertension. Coffee consumption was significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.033), and lifestyle was also significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.041). Respondents who frequently consumed coffee and had unhealthy lifestyles showed higher proportions of elevated blood pressure. Conclusion: There are significant relationships between coffee consumption and lifestyle with the incidence of hypertension among productive age adults in Tanjung Gusta Village, Medan City. Limiting coffee intake and adopting a healthy lifestyle are recommended for hypertension prevention.
Hypertension knowledge, preventive behaviors, and primary care integration among patients at Medan Johor Community Health Center Aqila Amelia Afni; Pahala Maringan Jubel Simangunsong; Hartono Hartono
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8459

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that can lead to serious complications if not managed properly. Patients' knowledge level is hypothesized to influence their preventive behaviors, particularly within the context of Primary Care Integration (Integrasi Layanan Primer, ILP) implemented at community health centers. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge level and preventive behaviors for hypertension complications among patients in the ILP program at Medan Johor Community Health Center.  Method: A quantitative survey design was used. Data were collected in April–May 2026 using printed questionnaires. The population comprised 7,648 hypertension patients, with a sample of 99 respondents determined using the Slovin formula and purposive sampling. Univariate and bivariate analyses (Chi-square test) were performed. Results: Most respondents were aged 55–64 years (53.5%), female (69.7%), had senior high school education (59.6%), and were housewives (62.6%). The majority had good knowledge (72.7%) and good preventive behaviors (90.9%). The Chi-square test showed a p-value of 0.669 (p > 0.05), indicating no significant relationship between knowledge level and preventive behaviors for hypertension complications in this population. Conclusion: Although most hypertensive patients had good knowledge and good preventive behaviors, knowledge was not significantly associated with preventive behavior in the context of ILP implementation. Other factors such as family support, motivation, and healthcare access may play more influential roles.
Relationship between sleep patterns and hypertension incidence among young adults at Medan Johor Primary Health Center Yolanda Yestifany Br. Sembiring; Putri Yunita Pane; Rapael Ginting
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8466

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that remains a public health problem with increasing prevalence. One factor hypothesized to be associated with hypertension is sleep pattern. Poor sleep pattern may affect the cardiovascular system through increased sympathetic nervous system activity, contributing to elevated blood pressure. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sleep pattern and the incidence of hypertension among young adults (aged 20–40 years) in the working area of Medan Johor Community Health Center.  Method: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. A sample of 100 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling. Sleep pattern data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and hypertension status was determined through direct blood pressure measurement. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence level. Results: Most respondents had poor sleep patterns (69.0%) and were hypertensive (68.0%). All respondents with good sleep patterns had normal blood pressure (31 respondents, 100.0%), whereas among those with poor sleep patterns, 68 (98.6%) were hypertensive. The Chi-square test yielded p < 0.001, indicating a significant relationship between sleep pattern and hypertension among young adults in this population. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between sleep pattern and hypertension incidence in young adults. Improving sleep quality and duration should be promoted as part of hypertension prevention efforts.
Service time and waiting time as predictors of patient satisfaction at Sozo Dental Clinic, Medan Ghina Verina Rahman; Chrismis Novalinda Ginting; Sri Wahyuni Nasution
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): September (in press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i2.8469

Abstract

Background: Service quality in health care is increasingly important as public awareness rises. Waiting time is a key determinant of patient satisfaction, particularly in outpatient settings. Prolonged waiting times are a common complaint across health facilities and directly affect patient perceptions. This study aimed to analyze the effect of service time and waiting time on patient satisfaction during follow-up care at Sozo Dental Clinic, Medan. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted. The population consisted of all follow-up patients (at least two visits) at Sozo Dental Clinic. A sample of 100 respondents was selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using modified questionnaires measuring service time (treatment duration), waiting time (queue duration), and patient satisfaction. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using the chi-square test (α = 0.05). Results: Most respondents were female (55.0%), aged >35 years (62.0%), and worked as private employees (45.0%). Waiting time was rated as poor by 52.0% of respondents, service time as good by 64.0%, and patient satisfaction as satisfied by 64.0%. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between waiting time and satisfaction (p < 0.001) and between service time and satisfaction (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Both waiting time and service time significantly influence patient satisfaction at Sozo Dental Clinic. Digital systems to predict service duration and proactive communication are recommended to transform waiting time from a weakness into a strength.

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