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Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima
Published by Universitas Prima Indonesia
ISSN : 28289994     EISSN : 28289994     DOI : https://doi.org/10.34012/bkkp
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Media publikasi ilmiah di bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan yang terbit dua kali dalam setahun yaitu pada bulan Maret dan September. Berisi tulisan hasil penelitian lapangan atau laboratorium maupun studi pustaka dari bidang ilmu seperti kedokteran klinis, kedokteran tropis, kedokteran gigi, biomedis, farmasi klinis dan kesehatan masyarakat.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 241 Documents
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Improved knowledge of COPD management through a health education intervention: A study at Vina Estetica Hospital, Medan Sitepu, Roslenni; Rizki, Kartika Sari; Yasli, Dicho Zhuhriano; Simanullang, Andry; Manurung, Frenky Jones
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8063

Abstract

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive disease characterized by airflow obstruction that requires effective self-management. Health education is a crucial intervention to improve patient understanding of symptom management. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education on patients' knowledge regarding COPD management in the inpatient ward of Vina Estetica Hospital, Medan. Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. Sampling was conducted using total sampling, including 32 COPD patients as respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the paired t-test. Results: Before the health education intervention, the majority of respondents had good knowledge (59.4%). After the intervention, all respondents (100%) achieved the good knowledge category. Statistical tests showed a significant effect of health education on increasing patient knowledge (p-value 0.000; t-count 4.605). Conclusion: Health education is effective in improving the knowledge of COPD patients. It is recommended that nursing services implement continuous health education programs to optimize patient care.
Media-based health promotion for child eye health education: A mini review Purwoko, Heri; Siahaan, Nelly Christina; Sembiring, Sindy Boru; Sasmito, Laksono Bagus; Nur, Putri Amriany; Silitonga, Andrea Radotma; Ivonne, Ivonne
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8067

Abstract

Background: Childhood visual impairment, largely stemming from preventable or correctable conditions such as uncorrected refractive errors, remains a significant global public health challenge. School-based vision screening programs are effective for identification, but their impact is often limited by poor parental and child adherence to follow-up care and recommended preventive behaviors. Health promotion interventions utilizing various media formats have emerged as a strategy to bridge this gap. This mini-review synthesizes evidence from the past decade on the effectiveness of media-based health promotion for educating children and their caregivers about eye health. Methods: Drawing on peer-reviewed literature, this review examines the impact of digital, broadcast, and specialized print media on outcomes including spectacle compliance, referral adherence, and knowledge improvement. Results: Evidence indicates that culturally tailored interventions utilizing diverse media channels can significantly improve eye health behaviors. The review identifies that successful interventions are characterized by cultural relevance, community engagement in development, and the strategic use of multiple media platforms to create reinforcing messages. Key findings from the literature include a 12% reduction in myopia incidence through combined health education and outdoor activity programs, the cost-effectiveness of musical messaging in improving referral adherence, and the potential of digital platforms for delivering scalable education. Conclusion: However, challenges remain in ensuring long-term behavior change and addressing the needs of children with disabilities. Future research should focus on comparative effectiveness studies, long-term sustainability, and the integration of innovative technologies with personalized education to maximize the public health impact of these interventions.
A microbiological analysis of coliform bacteria in street food around Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan Davin, Radhitya Qowiyyul; Fachrial, Edy; Wienaldi, Wienaldi
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8083

Abstract

Background: Street foods, particularly fried snacks, are highly popular among university students due to their convenience and affordability. However, the safety of such foods is a public health concern, as they are susceptible to contamination by coliform bacteria, which can cause gastrointestinal illnesses such as diarrhea. This study aimed to analyze the total coliform bacteria in fried snacks sold around the Universitas Prima Indonesia campus area in Medan as an indicator of food safety. Methods: This descriptive laboratory study analyzed fried snack samples of two types (rissole and filled tofu) collected from six street vendors on Jalan Ayahanda, Medan. Samples were obtained using a simple random sampling technique, resulting in a total of 12 samples. The presence of coliform bacteria was determined using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method with a 3-3-3 tube series, which included a presumptive test using Lactose Broth (LB) medium. Data were analyzed descriptively by comparing results with the standard set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023 (maximum permissible limit <3.6 MPN/gram). Results: All 12 samples tested negative in the presumptive test, indicated by the absence of gas bubbles in the Durham tubes after 48 hours of incubation. The MPN value for all samples was <3 MPN/gram, confirming they met the required safety standard (<3.6 MPN/gram). Conclusion: Fried snacks sold around the Universitas Prima Indonesia campus were free from coliform bacterial contamination and are considered safe for consumption based on current regulations. Factors such as the high-temperature deep-frying process (>150°C) and adequately maintained vendor sanitation practices likely contributed to the absence of contamination.
Factors associated with clean and healthy living behavior among elementary school students Santri, Evi; Siagian, Masryna; Hartono, Hartono
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8086

Abstract

Background: Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) in schools is a government program implemented through community health centers to improve public health status. Elementary school-aged children are a vulnerable group for various diseases associated with PHBS. This study aimed to identify factors associated with PHBS among students at public elementary schools in Banda Aceh City. Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from November 2023 to January 2024. The population comprised 192 students, with a sample of 85 fourth and fifth grade students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and checklists and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: Results showed that most respondents were male (51.8%) and aged 5-11 years (61.2%). More than half of respondents (56.5%) demonstrated poor PHBS, 65.9% had low knowledge levels, 45.9% reported unavailable PHBS facilities and infrastructure, and 60.0% perceived teacher roles as poor. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between knowledge level (p=0.024) and availability of facilities and infrastructure (p=0.004) with PHBS; however, no significant association was found between teacher role and PHBS (p=0.562). Conclusion: In conclusion, knowledge level and availability of facilities and infrastructure were significantly associated with PHBS among public elementary school students in Banda Aceh City. It is recommended that community health centers conduct regular PHBS education in schools and that schools complete necessary facilities while strengthening supervision of student PHBS implementation.
The influence of supervision by the head of medical services and nurse performance on patient safety at Aek Kanopan Regional General Hospital Siregar, Fitria Desiana; Girsang, Ermi; Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8087

Abstract

Background: Patient safety is a primary priority in healthcare services; however, adverse events persist and are often associated with nurse performance and weak supervision. This study aimed to analyze the influence of supervision by the Head of Medical Services and the performance of inpatient ward nurses on patient safety at Aek Kanopan Regional General Hospital, North Labuhanbatu Regency. Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised all 120 implementing nurses in the inpatient wards, who were also recruited as the total sample. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring nurse perceptions of supervision, performance, and patient safety implementation. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using the Chi-Square test. Results: The majority of respondents rated supervision as good (84.2%), nurse performance as good (84.2%), and patient safety as good (84.2%). Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between supervision and patient safety (p=0.000) and between nurse performance and patient safety (p=0.000). Conclusion: This study concludes that effective supervision by department heads and optimal nurse performance contribute significantly to improved patient safety. Hospital management is advised to strengthen supervisory capacity and invest in continuing professional development programs for nurses.
Coronary heart disease risk factors: Family history, smoking, and diet among patients at Royal Prima General Hospital Ishak, Muhammad Raihan; Tobing, Andrico Napolin Lumban; Handayani, Putri
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8113

Abstract

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, influenced by both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. This study aimed to analyze risk factors for CHD based on family history, smoking activity, and dietary habits among patients at Royal Prima General Hospital Medan. Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from December 16, 2025 to January 6, 2026. The sample comprised 35 CHD patients selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and medical records, and analyzed using univariate, descriptive bivariate, and descriptive multivariate analyses. Results: Results showed that a portion of respondents had a family history of CHD, nearly half were active smokers with smoking duration exceeding 10 years, and the majority exhibited risky dietary habits including frequent consumption of fried foods, coconut milk-based foods, fast food, and sweetened beverages. Descriptive bivariate analysis revealed tendencies toward clustering of risk factors, with smokers more likely to have unhealthy dietary patterns. Descriptive multivariate analysis demonstrated that most patients had multiple concurrent risk factors, particularly combinations of family history, smoking, and unhealthy dietary habits. Conclusion: In conclusion, CHD occurrence among patients is influenced by the interaction of multiple risk factors rather than any single factor. Promotive and preventive efforts focusing on comprehensive healthy lifestyle modifications are needed to reduce CHD risk.
The relationship between coffee consumption habits and body mass index among medical students Sitompul, Christian Michael Oloan; Girsang, Ermi; Pratama, Irza Haicha
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8114

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a growing global health concern with increasing prevalence among young adults. Coffee consumption, particularly among medical students experiencing high academic stress, may influence body mass index (BMI) through various metabolic mechanisms. However, the relationship between different types of coffee and BMI remains inconclusive. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between coffee consumption habits (frequency and type of coffee) and BMI among medical students at Universitas Prima. Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in 2025. The sample comprised 87 medical students selected through simple random sampling from a population of 675 students. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing coffee consumption patterns (type and frequency) and self-reported weight and height for BMI calculation. BMI was classified according to WHO criteria: underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal (18.5-24.9 kg/m²), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m²), and obese (≥30 kg/m²). Coffee consumption was categorized by type (Americano vs. milk coffee) and frequency (1-2 times/week vs. >3 times/week). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with non-parametric tests. Results: Milk coffee was more popular than Americano among both male (72.1%) and female (89.6%) students. Among obese students, 100% consumed milk coffee, while underweight students showed the highest preference for Americano (37.5%). Students with normal BMI predominantly consumed coffee 1-2 times weekly (69.8%), while obese students showed higher consumption frequency (>3 times/week: 20%). Normality tests showed non-normal distribution of BMI data (p<0.001 for both coffee type and frequency). Bivariate analysis revealed no significant association between coffee type and BMI (p=0.220) or between consumption frequency and BMI (p=0.578). Conclusion: Coffee consumption habits, including type and frequency, were not significantly associated with BMI among medical students at Universitas Prima. BMI appears to be influenced by multiple interacting factors beyond coffee consumption alone. Further research with larger samples and consideration of confounding variables such as physical activity, dietary patterns, and sleep quality is warranted.
A thorough examination of the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of erectile dysfunction: A comprehensive review Farhat, Muhammad Fauzan
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8327

Abstract

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a complex sexual disorder and a significant clinical indicator of vascular, metabolic, endocrine, neurological, psychological, and relational health. This brief narrative review encapsulates the prevailing evidence regarding the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods: From 2016 to 2026, we gave priority to peer-reviewed guidelines, consensus statements, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and high-impact reviews. Results: The evaluation of ED should incorporate a sexual and medical history, a validated symptom assessment, a focused examination, selective laboratory testing, and cardiovascular risk assessment. The primary treatment continues to focus on lifestyle enhancement and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Conversely, vacuum devices, localized vasoactive therapy, testosterone for verified hypogonadism, psychosexual treatment, and penile prostheses are employed based on patient phenotype and preference. Low-intensity shockwave therapy may be advantageous in specific instances of vasculogenic disease, whereas platelet-rich plasma and stem cell methodologies remain subject to ongoing research. Conclusion: Emergency management should be systematic, evidence-based, and focused on the patient, with prompt identification of systemic disease and the exclusion of unverified treatments.
Vestibular schwannoma inducing unilateral tinnitus and auditory impairment: A literature review Setiawan, Gunawan Wijaya
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8328

Abstract

Background: Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a noncancerous tumor of the vestibulocochlear nerve that usually causes ringing in the ears and hearing loss in one ear. Modern clinical challenges extend beyond mere tumor eradication to encompass the early identification of retrocochlear disease, safeguarding functional hearing, managing tinnitus-related disorders, and choosing treatment approaches that maintain facial nerve function and enhance quality of life. Methods: This literature review integrates the most recent evidence regarding epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic assessment, natural history, observation, stereotactic radiotherapy, microsurgery, tinnitus outcomes, and auditory rehabilitation. Results: Recent guidelines, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses all point to MRI of the internal auditory canal as the best way to diagnose asymmetric hearing loss or suspicious unilateral audiovestibular symptoms. Small tumors that don't affect hearing are often good candidates for active surveillance, but hearing can get worse even when the tumor isn't growing much on imaging. Radiosurgery offers lasting tumor control for specific small to medium-sized tumors, although long-term preservation of hearing diminishes over time. Microsurgery is still important for big tumors, brainstem compression, radiosurgery failure, or certain patient needs. However, keeping hearing is very dependent on the patient's hearing before the surgery, the size of the tumor, the approach used, and the monitoring done during the surgery. Tinnitus is prevalent, clinically significant, and not entirely predictable by tumor size or treatment approach. Conclusion: The literature endorses a personalized, multidisciplinary methodology that incorporates audiometry, MRI-based surveillance, patient-reported outcomes, and collaborative decision-making.
Acute cholecystitis: Diagnosis and treatment according to contemporary literature Tarigan, M. Fadillah
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8329

Abstract

Background: Acute cholecystitis remains a leading cause of emergency visits in patients with gallstone disease and requires an integrated approach including clinical assessment, imaging, severity grading, antibiotic therapy, and timely source control. Method: The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 and WSES guidelines provide a standardized diagnostic framework and recommend early laparoscopic cholecystectomy as the treatment of choice when the patient is physiologically fit. Ultrasonography is the first-line imaging modality, though its sensitivity is moderate; therefore, CT, MRI/MRCP, or hepatobiliary scintigraphy may be required in equivocal or complicated cases. Results: Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the index admission is the definitive treatment, with subtotal cholecystectomy or alternative strategies considered when safe dissection is not feasible. Antibiotics are essential in the acute phase but should not replace definitive source control. Gallbladder drainage (percutaneous or endoscopic) remains an important option for high-risk surgical patients but should be applied selectively rather than as a routine alternative to surgery. Conclusion: A practical, streamlined algorithm integrating disease severity, patient condition, and institutional expertise is recommended to optimize management.

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