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Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)
Published by Universitas Islam Malang
ISSN : 23376988     EISSN : -     DOI : 10.33474
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas merupakan salah satu jenis jurnal akademik bidang kedokteran atau kesehatan di mana penulis mempublikasikan artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian maupun kajian. Artikel ilmiah ini juga mencangkup hasil-hasil penelitian terbaru dan tulisan ilmiah lainnya di bidang biomedis, kedokteran klinis, kedokteran komunitas, dan kesehatan masyarakat. Untuk memastikan kualitas ilmiah pada artikel yang diterbitkan, suatu artikel biasa diteliti oleh rekan-rekan sejawatnya dan direvisi oleh penulis, hal ini dikenal sebagai peer review. Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas nomor p-ISSN 2337-6988 e-ISSN dikelola Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Malang ini diharapkan dapat menjadi media berbagi pengalaman antara berbagai kalangan dan institusi pendidikan kedokteran dan kesehatan, dengan terbit berkalah 2 kali dalam setahun yaitu bulan April dan Oktober.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1 (2020)" : 13 Documents clear
Efek Penambahan Fraksi Semi Polar (F15-F19) Ekstrak Metanol Tapak Liman Pada Daya Hambat Amoksisilin dan Kloramfenikol Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Nurma Alifia Rakhma; Zainul Fadli; Rio Risandiansyah
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Abstract

Introduction: Elephantopus scabr linn contains various compounds which have antibacterial activity. The addition of antibiotic with herbs may increase antibiotic activity. However previous studies on Elephantopus scabr linn  was in the form of crude extract. Therefore, this study  separates compounds these into Semi polar fraction to determine the antibiotic activity and what compounds were contained therein.Methods: Methanol extract was fractionated using silica gel stationary phase and mobile phase 75 ml of ethyl acetate: 25 ml of  methanol. Phytochemical test were carried out with dragendorff spray, FeCl3 and Formaldehyde on Thin layer Chromatography. The interaction between herbs and antibiotics was assessed based on the AZDAST method and the inhibitory assessment using the Kirby bauer method.Result: Five fractions (f15-f19) were obtained using fractionation. Fraction 15 contain alkaloids, and fraction 16-19 contains alkaloids and phenol. On a single test, fraction 16 had clear zones against S.aureus with a value  6,66 ± 0,57 mm. In the combination test, fraction 18 and 19  had an antagonistic interaction with amoxicillin in S.aureus. Combination of fractions 16-19 had antagonistic interaction with chloramphenicol in S.aureus.Conclusion: Fraction 16 of Elephantopus Scabr Linn metanolic extract  was sinergistic with amoxicillin against S.aureus.Keywords: Semi Polar Fraction, Elephantopus scabr linn, S. aureus, E.coli
EFEK DEKOKTA DAUN PULUTAN (Urena lobata) TERHADAP FREKUENSI PERNAFASAN DAN GAMBARAN HISTOLOGI LAMELA INSANG IKAN ZEBRA (Danio rerio) FASE JUVENIL YANG DIPAPAR MALATHION SECARA KRONIK Dluharrohimah Nur Imami; Ariani Ratri Dewi; Yudi Purnomo
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Introduction: Malathion has an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor effect and increase free radicals resulting in damage to the structure and function of the respiratory organs. Urena lobata leaves decoction have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential controlled by the active substances quercetin and mangiferin. The study aims to prove the influence of Urena lobata leaves decoction to respiratory frequency and histological features of gills of juvenile Danio rerio chronically exposed by malathion.Method: Danio rerio age 45 days divided into 3 treatment groups and 2 control groups (n = 5). Malathion dose 2.5 mg/L administered to all groups except negative control for 40 days. Urena lobata leaves decoction was given to the treatment group at each dose 125 mg/L, 250 mg/L dan 500 mg/L. Respiratory frequency observed by recording and analyses using Windows Media Player software. Gills were colored with Hematoxylin Eosin and observed using a binocular microscopy with 1000x magnification. Data was analized using One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD methods (p<0.05).Findings: Chronic expose of malathion in positive control group can increase respiratory rate and gills hyperplasia consecutively 25% and 90% compared to negative control (p<0.05). Administration of Urena lobata leaves decoction dose 125 mg/L and 250 mg/L inhibit increased respiratory rate about 10% and 20% consecutively compared to positive control (p<0.05). Urena lobata leaves decoction dose 125 mg/L, 250 mg/L and 500 mg/L inhibit secondary gills hyperplasia about 10%, 25% and 5% consecutively compared to positive control (p<0.05).Conclusion: Urena lobata leaves decoction was able to inhibit increasing respiratory rate and gills hyperplasia of juvenile Danio rerio chronically exposed by malathion.Keywords: Malathion, Urena lobata, Danio rerio, respiratory frequency, gills lamellae, chronic
Analisa Proses Pembelajaran Berbasis Student Centered Learning, Problem Based Learning, Integrated, Community Based Learning, Electives, Systematic (SPICES) Terhadap Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Nadia Uluhiyah Muhammad; Sri Herlina; Marindra Firmansyah
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Abstract

Introduction : Improving the quality of medical education, especially in the learning system, will influence  the quality of medical students. With the need for public health and the development of  modern health technologies, a good curriculum is needed to support education in accordance with Indonesian Doctors Competency Standards (SKDI). The application of learning strategies with SPICES method (Student Centered Learning, Problem Based Learning, Integrative, Community Based Learning, Electives, Systematic) is an innovative educational strategy with the aim to support the student can learn independently and solving a problem. Therefore, research related to SPICES is needed to see the successful implementation of SPICES on Achievement Index among Faculty of Medicine students.Method: Observational analytic research design with cross-sectional approach was used. The research sample collection used non probability sampling technique, namely systematic sampling, the study sample was 183 medical students who were divided into 3 batches of 2016, 2017 and 2018. The data obtained were tested using the Spearman rho with Spearman rank correlation values.Result: The relationship between the implementation of each SPICES method (SCL, PBL, Integrated, CBL, Electives, Systematic) to student achievement index has P value <0.05 which means there is significance of each SPICES method with student achievement index. The correlation coefficient on the SCL method and overall SPICES shows a moderate correlation between 0.40 - 0.59, while the PBL, Integrated, CBL, Electives, Systematic methods show a low correlation between 0.20 - 0.39.Conclusion: The Student-Centered Learning Method and SPICES are moderately correlated to student academic achievement.Keywords: learning process, SPICES, Academic Achievement.
PERBANDINGAN EFEK PERASAN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera) DENGAN POVIDONE IODINE TERHADAP KADAR SUPEROXID DISMUTASE DAN MALONDIALDEHID SERUM TIKUS WISTAR DENGAN LUKA SAYAT Ilham Rial Ali; Rosaria Dian Lestari; Diah Andriana
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Abstract

Introduction: Aloe vera has an antioxidant effect that can prevent the increasing of human free radicals caused by injury that can increase free radicals while povidone iodine can accelerate wound healing. This study was conducted to compare the use of Aloe vera juice and povidone iodine in reducing oxidative stress responses in terms of serum SOD and MDA levels in wistar rat serum with incision wounds.Method: Experimental animals (n = 24, male wistar rats aged 2-3 months) were divided into PB groups (povidone iodine) and treatment groups that were given Aloe vera juice with a concentration of 20% (KP1), 40% (KP2) and 80% (KP3) at a dose of 0.5 g / rat / day topically for 6 days. Rats were incised 2 cm long with a depth of 0.2 cm on the back with a scalpel. Serum SOD and MDA levels were measured by spectrophotometry. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 17 with a significant p <0.05Result: According to Mann Whitney test, there were significant decreases in serum SOD levels in the KP1 group (419.67 ± 23.97, p0.004), KP2 (450.96 ± 36.57, p0.004) and KP3 (465.59 ± 29, 49, p0.004) compared with PB (582.63 ± 57.20). Calculations using One Way ANNOVA showed a significant decrease in serum MDA levels in the KP1 group (25.48 ± 0.81, p0.027), KP2 (25.31 ± 1.83, p0.015) and KP3 (22.69 ± 0.77, p0.000) when compared with the administration of povidone iodine (27.11 ± 0.98).Conclusion: Aloe vera juice with a concentration of 20% (KP1), 40% (KP2) and 80% (KP3) can significantly increase serum SOD levels and significantly reduce serum MDA levels better than povidone iodineKeywords: Incision Wound, Oksidatif Stress, Aloe vera, Free Radical 
Pengaruh Menyikat Gigi dengan Kombinasi Pasta Gigi dan Siwak (Salvadora persica) terhadap Jumlah Koloni Bakteri Anaerob pada Saliva dan Mukosa Gingiva Santri Ar-Razi Catur Eka Sukma; Helmin Elyani; Arif Yahya
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Abstract

Background: Anaerobic bacteria in oral cavity have the potential for health in the oral cavity and also systemic. Sodium Lauryl Sulfat (SLS) and fluoride in toothpaste as an antibacterial. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) in siwak has antibacterial activity. This study aim to prove the effect of combination siwak and toothpaste towards anaerobic bacteria in saliva and mucosal gingiva.Method: This research was experimental laboratory with pre and post test group design. A total of 36 respondents were divided into 2 groups, brushing using toothpaste and brushing using a combination of toothpaste and siwak during 10 days. Samples of saliva and gingival mucosa were taken before and after treatment and was grown on Anaerobic Nutrient Agar (NA) media. Data of before and after treatment were analyzed using paired t-test.Result: In group using toothpaste only after treatment increased the amount of anaerobic bacteria in saliva by 34% and decreased in gingiva by 53%. In group using the combination toothpaste and siwak after treatmenct increased the amount of anaerobic bacteria in saliva by 36% and decreased in gingiva by 33%.Conclusion: The combination of brushing using siwak and toothpaste for 10 days can reduce the amount of anaerobic bacteria in gingival samples.Keywords: Siwak, toothpaste, anaerobic bacteria
Analisis Pengaruh Aspek Perawatan Kesehatan terhadap Kualitas Hidup Pasien Kanker Stadium 3 dan 4 Dwi Zulfiata Iriandana; Dewi Martha Indria; Erna Sulistyowati
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Background: Cancer is the main problem causing high morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Cancer patients’ have been suffering low quality of life which there have been many factors influencing such as physical, psychological, and economic conditions. This study aimed to determine the effects of treatment duration, patient hospital visit frequency, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy frequency. We then compared them with quality of patients’ life.Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was a total sampling who the 3rd and 4th cancer patients stadium who have been registered at the Saiful Anwar Hospital medical record during year 2015 to 2019. These secondary data were then confirmed with European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire 30 (EORTC QLQ30) to identify the quality of patients’ life. The data was analyzed by fisher exact where the significance value was considered at p <0,05.Results: We found that most of the patients’ quality of life were in the medium classification. There was no significant value between duration of treatment and quality of patients’ life (p 0,493). Similar results were also found in the comparison between frequency of patients’ hospital visit and quality of patients’ life (p 1,000). Frequency of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and quality of patients’ life were insignificant as well (p 1,000).Conclusion: The duration of treatment, frequency of patients’ hospital visit, frequency of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy caused no changes in the quality of patients’ life in Malang. Further study would be beneficience to establish using more accurate instruments to assess the quality of cancer patients’ life based on their therapy.Keywords: Cancer patients, therapy, quality of patient’s life
PENGARUH PAPARAN KADMIUM DALAM PESTISIDA TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF YANG DIUKUR DENGAN MINIMENTAL STATE EXAMINATION (MMSE) DAN MONTRAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT VERSI INDONESIA (MOCA-INA) PADA PETANI DUSUN CANGAR Syukron Fadillah; Fathia Annis Pramesti; Aris Widodo
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Abstract

Introduction: Farmers are a group of workers that uses pesticide evenly. The exposure of pesticide that contains cadmium (Cd) inside it in a long period of time will affect cognitive function. This research is aimed for knowing the effect of cadmium exposure on pesticide for cognitive function to the farmers at Cangar Village, Bulukerto, Bumiaji, Batu City.Method: This research uses observational analytical descriptive method with cross sectional design. it uses 47 human respondents with purposive sampling technique for sample choosing. The respondent is a male farmer that actively uses pesticide for spraying the plant. The data collection uses The Prospective Investigation of Pesticide Applicator’ Healt (PIPAH), Minimental State Examination (MMSE), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian Version (MoCa INA) questionnaire.Result : The exposure variable gives negative effect and significant for MMSE variable with liniar regressive test significance is less than α (0.000<0.050). The determinant coefisien number is 0.0551 which shows that the exposure variable gives the negative effect and significant for MoCa-Ina variable with liniar regressive test significance is α (0.001<0.050). The determinant coefisien number is 0.212 which shows that the exposure variable gives effect for 21.2 % to MoCa-Ina variable Conclusion: The cadmium exposure in pesticide gives impact for kognitive function.Keywords: Cadmium, Pesticides, Cognitive fungtion, MMSE, MoCa-Ina, Farmers
Pengaruh Kombinasi Dekokta Rimpang Zingiber officinale var rubrum dan Imperata cylindrica Terhadap Kadar MMP-9 Serum Tikus Wistar Jantan Model Osteoartritis Adam Bregas Regowo; Merlita Herbani; Doti Wahyuningsih
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a damage chronic disorder caused by degenerative process and inflammation that lead to the joint cartilage. Previous research showed that red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) and cogon grass rhizome (Imperata Cylindrica) had anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects. This research aimed to know the potencial of the combination of red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) and cogon grass rhizome (Imperata Cylindrica) (CRGCG) by measuring the OA rats serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 is an enzyme that plays a role in joint cartilage destruction.Methods: 25 male Wistar rats age 4 months divided into 5 groups namely positive control group (PC), negative control group (NC), treatment group 1 recieved dose 9+40 mg/rat/day (T1), treatment group 2 recieve dose 18+40 mg/rat/day (T2), and treatment group 3 recieve dose 36+40 mg/rat/day(T3). Rats were induced with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) by 0.1 ml/rat on right knee intraarticular to induce. The administration of CRGCG is given for 10 days. The serum MMP-9 level was assessed by MMP-9 ELISA Kit. Data analyzed using One Way Anova followed by Post Hoc test. The result is significant if p<0.05.Result: The Combination of Red Ginger Rhizome and Cogon Grass Rhizome (CRGCG) on the first treatment (0,85±0,03), second treatment (0,86±0,02) and third treatment (0,84±0,02) able to decrease the serum MMP-9 level significantly (p<0,05).Conclusion: The optimal dose from Combination of Red Ginger Rhizome and Cogon Grass Rhizome (CRGCG) to reduce serum MMP-9 level is  dose 9+40 mg/rat/day.Keywords: Cogon Grass, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Osteoarthritis, Red Ginger
EFEK DEKOKTA DAUN PULUTAN (Urena lobata) TERHADAP KADAR Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) JARINGAN OTAK DAN MOTILITAS IKAN ZEBRA (Danio rerio) FASE JUVENIL YANG DIPAPAR MALATHION SECARA KRONIS Alvian Nur Firdaus; Ariani Ratri Dewi; Yudi Purnomo
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Abstract

Introduction: Malathion is a pesticide that could inhibit cholinesterase’s action on acetylcholine and also producing free radicals that can affect the nervous system. Decocta of Urena lobata leaves has antioxidant and neuroprotective potential. This study aims to prove the effect of Urena lobata leaf decocta on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and swimming speed of juvenile Danio rerio exposed to chronic malathion.Method: This is an in vivo experimental laboratory study with a post-test only control group design using Danio rerio on 40 days old divided into 2 control groups and 3 treatment groups (n = 5). The fishes exposed to malathion for 40 days in all groups except the negative control group. Decocta of Urena lobata leave was given to P1 at 125 mg / l), P2 250 mg / l, and P3 500mg / l. SOD levels were measured using WST-1 assay kit and swimming speed were observed with tracker software. Data for SOD was analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis while swimming speed using one way ANOVA with a significance level of p <0.05Results: Decocta of Urena lobata leaves at a dose of 125mg / l, 250mg / l and 500mg / l inhibits decrease of SOD levels about 30% in P1, 2-fold in P2 and 50% in P3 compared to positive control (p < 0,05), and also of swimming speed about 50% in P1, 60% in P2 and 80% in P3 compared to positive controls (p <0,05).Conclusion: Urena lobata leaves decocta was able to inhibit decrease of SOD levels and swimming speed of Danio rerio chronically exposed to malathion.Keywords: Urena lobata, malathion, SOD, motility
Perbandingan Kadar Merkuri (Hg) dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanolik Akar Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes ) di Daerah Lawang dan Pasuruan Chasan Arfisa; Anita Puspa Widiyana; Yoni Rina Bintari
Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas (Journal of Community Medicine)

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Background: Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is an aquatic plant that grows on the surface of the water and is also a high accumulator of heavy metals. E. crassipes has compounds containing sulfihydryl group which can bind to Hg. E. crassipes in Lawang and Pasuruan regions is thought to have high Hg levels which may result in the high antioxidant activity. The purpose of this research was to determine the levels of mercury and antioxidant activity in the methanol extract of water hyacinth roots in Lawang and Pasuruan. Methods: This research is an experimental research in the laboratory using water hyacinth roots in Lawang and Pasuruan areas taken by cluster sampling area. The extraction was by maceration method for 72 hours with methanol solvent. Extraction is done in 2 ways, namely using a shaker and without a shaker. Hg test was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) at a maximum wavelength of 253.96 nm.. The antioxidant activity test was using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and their result was check using by Uv-Vis  spectrophotometry (517 nm wavelength).Result: Hg content of the water hyacinth root extract Lawang shaker area 0.5287 ppm while without shaker 0.2207 ppm. For the Pasuruan shaker area 0.7910 ppm while without the shaker 0.7874 ppm (p <0.05). The antioxidant activity of the water hyacinth root extract of Pasuruan area was higher than that of Lawang area (p <0.05). IC50 value of Lawang samples with 334.8 ppm shakers; without shakers 205.4 ppm while Pasuruan samples with 161.94 ppm shakers; without a shaker 168.45 ppmConclusion: Macerated extraction of water hyacinth roots to Hg levels in Pasuruan area was higher than Lawang area. There is a relation between Hg levels and high antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of the water hyacinth root in Pasuruan area is higher than Lawang area.Keyword: Antioxidant, Water hyacinth, Lawang Malang. Pasuruan, Mercury (Hg)

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