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Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive

phpma
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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 23031816 EISSN : 25032356 DOI : https://doi.org/10.53638/

Core Subject : Health,

Public Health

ublic Health and Preventive Medicine Archive (PHPMA) is an open access, peer reviewed journal published by Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Issues covered in the journal are as the following: Environmental and occupational health Field and Clinical Epidemiology Global health Health policy analysis Health promotion Health systems and health care management Maternal and child health Program monitoring and evaluation Public health nutrition Reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV related issues Travel health and health tourism Population and family planning Disaster management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 310 Documents

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Quality analysis of quality control system in work units based on the Routine Data Quality Assessment of X Hospital in Semarang District Endang Fatmawati; Farid Agushybana; Septo Pawelas Arso
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: An excellent process of hospital quality management system produces useful data for the management in the future decision-making. The problem obtained from the quality management system of X hospital was that the data collectors do not understand the procedure of data collection, thus the data became less complete and less accurate. Routine Data Quality Assessment (RDQA) instrument is recommended to measure the data quality. This study aims to analyze the data quality in the quality management system of X Hospital work unit in Semarang. Methods: Quantitative method was applied in this study using cross-sectional approach. RDQA instrument was used as a model of quality assessment of routine data that can be implemented to evaluate the quality of the collected data. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of informants. This study involved 22 quality managers at level I (the wards) as the informants who conducted the data selection, three quality managers at level II as data collectors, and one quality manager at level III as a data center. The data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The work units assessed in this study include the outpatient, inpatient and critical units. Result: RDQA instrument was adapted by adjusting the substanceof RDQA with the standards of hospital accreditation in Indonesia. The development of indicator 2 focused on the understanding of data collection, while indicator 3 focused on the supervision of data collection, and indicator 5 focused on the staff understanding on the recommendation of quality achievement results. The application of RDQA articulated that the quality control systems did not optimally run, including the lack of understanding of the data collection procedure, non optimal supervision of quality management, not all quality manager conduct data verification properly, not all staff understand the recommendations of the quality achievement results. The highest percentage of the data quality was 93% and the lowest was 72%. In general, the system assessment was 1.5-2.5 which indicated that the data were partially complete/available/ operated. Conclusion: RDQA resulted that the data quality control on the hospital quality management system has not yet to be conducted optimally.

Overweight is associated with low fitness level among regional government employees in Denpasar City Puspitasari, Kadek Dina; Widarini, Ni Putu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: Time spent on sedentary work is a potential risk factor of nutritional problems among employees, which could lead to a low level of fitness. This study aims to determine the correlation between nutritional status with fitness level among government employees of Denpasar City. Methods: This is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The samples of this study are 285 government employees in Denpasar City who had taken a physical fitness measurement test using the Rockport method and complete demographic data. Data on fitness level, nutritional status, age, gender, and pulse rate were included in the analysis using a multinomial logistic regression test. Results:The median age of employees are 47 years old and slightly more females (51.6%) than males. More than half of the employees had a low level of fitness (50.9%) and most were overweight (47%). The overweight group was 4.11 times more likely to have a low fitness level than the healthy weight group (RRR=4.11; 95%CI: 1.03-16.32). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nutritional status and fitness level after gender, age, and pulse rate were controlled. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a normal nutritional status to maintain or enhance individual fitness level by routinely following regular sports activities that have been programmed and do stretching in between working hours.

How Does Islamic Organizations Respond to COVID-19 in Indonesia? A Case Study Rahvy, Aisyah Putri; Ridlo, Ilham Akhsanu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: Indonesia has made several regulations to tackle the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including large scale social limitation (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB)). This regulation is related to physical distancing in all sectors and activities, including religious activities. But efforts made by government and other organizations are not enough to ensure society that these regulations will not affect their religiosity. To strengthen this policy, majelis ulama Indonesia (MUI) and other Islamic organizations have made fatwa and official statement about how worships, especially those which are done in groups should be conducted during this pandemic. This paper aims to provide report and analysis of Islamic organizations response during pandemic in relation to Islamic worships during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia Methods: This is a case study of Islamic organizations response during pandemic. It includes Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Muhammadiyah, and Nahdlatul Ulama responses (fatwa and official statement) to this issue and public responses as well. COVID-19 case also compared to vaccine hesitancy case, due to similarities of Islamic organization response between them. Results: Some fatwas had been made by MUI as response to Islamic worships performance during pandemic. But still there were cases like Banjarbaru and Solo case, indicating that fatwas could not guarantee the success of COVID-19prevention in religious worships. Conclusion: Religious and community leaders are needed to strengthen government move by helping government promote and educate people about health issues from religious perspectives. Moreover, some kinds of punishment made by government are needed to strengthen fatwas and rulings, as most of these religious opinions do not have legal enforcement.

The relationship between body image and tea drinking habits with anemia among adolescent girls in Badung District, Bali, Indonesia Kadek Agus Dwija Putra; Putu Cintya Denny Yuliyatni; Ni Ketut Sutiari
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls in Indonesia remains high. Poor nutrition is a risk factor of anemia among adolescent girls, which is likely related to food intake restrictions to achieve a desired body shape (body image), and the habit of drinking tea while eating which can affect the absorption of iron. This study aims to determine the relationship between anemia with body image perception and tea drinking habits among adolescent girls. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design carried out from March-May 2018, involving girls aged 15-18 years at high schools in Badung District. Two schools were selected from 44 high schools, then a sample of 106 students were selected by systematic random sampling. Data collected included hemoglobin levels measured with hematology autoanalyzer, nutritional status with anthropometric measurements, and data on socio-demographics, socio-economics, tea drinking and eating habits, menstrual pattern, helminthiasis, knowledge and perception of body image with face-to-face individual interviews. Data were analyzed using the Chi square test for bivariate analysis, and multivariate using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin <12 g/dL) in adolescent girls was 13.2%. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables associated with anemia were poor knowledge about anemia with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=11.4 (95%CI: 1.6-83.1), no iron supplement consumption (AOR=14.7; 95%CI: 1.9-109.8), negative body image (AOR=30.6; 95%CI: 2.9-321.1), tea drinking habits while eating (AOR=52.2; 95%CI: 4.2-642.9) and excessive menstrual volume (AOR=17.1; 95%CI: 1.6-185.9). Conclusion: Negative perceptions of body image and tea drinking habits while eating increase the risk of anemia among adolescent girls aged 15-18 years. In addition, poor knowledge about anemia, a history of not consuming iron supplements and excessive menstrual volume can also increase the risk. These factors need to be considered when designing policies to reduce anemia among adolescent girls.

Implementation of six patient safety goals at a public health centre with in-patient services in Bali, Indonesia: A qualitative case study Gunawan, I Made Abdi; Wirawan, I Made Ady; Lubis, Dinar Saurmauli
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: The Indonesian government requires all health care facilities including public health centres (PHCs) to implement a patient safety program as part of the accreditation standard process. The implementation of patient safety in PHCs have faced various problems, including human resources and infrastructure issues. This study aims to explore the implementation of patient safety target procedures in an accredited inpatient PHC in Tabanan District, Bali, Indonesia.Methods: We conducted a qualitative case study that adopts four main domains in patient safety, consisting of executive officers, community or patient who received services, systems in service delivery and methods, and elements in each domain. The research location was at Penebel I PHC, an inpatient PHC with the accreditation status of “utama”. Data collection was carried out from March to April 2020. It includes observation of the patient safety implementation, review on tracking patient safety documents and in-depth interviews with 11 informants who are PHC staff, patients’ safety task force and the family of patients. The data were analysed using thematic analysis by creating a grid of themes, sub-themes and data reduction to narrative presentation. Results:The patient safety procedure in Penebel I PHC has been carried out through the standard and procedure according to the Ministry of Health (MoH) regulation which consist of patient identification; communication between staff and patients; maintain the safety of High Alert and Look Alike Sound Alike (LASA) medications. However, there is a need to improve the capacity of implementing officers to increase their communication competencies as well as to enhance cooperation between officers in health services to avoid patient safety incidents. Conclusion:The implementation of six patient safety goals in-corporate through four main domains of health care services has been running according to the MoH’s standard. There is a need to improve the competence of officers, cooperation between officers in carrying out patient safety management and improve communication between officers and patients so that the information conveyed by officers is truly understood by patients.

Evaluation of hypertension screening guidelines implementation at the public health centers in Tabanan District, Bali, Indonesia Ratnata, Gede Agung; Duarsa, Dyah Pradnyaparamita; Ani, Luh Seri
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose:World Health Organization (WHO) reported the number of people with hypertension worldwide reached one billion in 2015. Hypertension screening is an effort to manage and control hypertension through hypertension management stages. This study aims to explore in-depth the implementation of hypertension screening guidelines performed by the public health centers (PHCs). Methods: This is a qualitative exploration with an exploratory case study approach by adopting the Lawrence W. Green Theory. This study was conducted in two PHCs in Tabanan District, those with the highest and the lowest target achievement. The factors examined were the implementation of guidelines and factors affecting it. The data were collected using in-depth interviews with ten informants and data were analyzed using thematic methods. Results: We found the predisposing factors of the implementation including the management of Health Operational Assistance (HOA) funds, the grouping of targets at risk of hypertension, hypertension screening guidelines, and the attitudes and beliefs of the officers and the community. The driving factors consisted of the lack of community participation. The inhibiting factors were indicated by the insufficient number of health workers and community support. Conclusion: There are several obstacles for the implementation of hypertension screening guidelines both from the health services side including budget allocation and community participation. Therefore, more thorough planning and measures to improve participation is needed.

The impact of National Health Insurance online referral system on the access and quality of health services in Gianyar District, Bali, Indonesia Ida Ayu Agung Dewi Sawitri; Pande Putu Januraga; Ni Made Sri Nopiyani
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: The introduction of an online referral system aims to improve the quality and costs control of the National Health Insurance (NHI) or Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. This study aims to determine the impact of the NHI online referral system implementation on access and quality of health services in Gianyar District. Methods: This is an explorative qualitative study conducted in Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia. Data was collected through semistructured in-depth interviews to a total of 26 informants recruited purposively. They were including policy makers in the health office and the NHI implementing organization (BPJS), heads of public health centres (puskesmas), private health facilities and referral healthcare facilities; and 13 NHI participants. Data collection was undertaken from May to August 2019. The interview results were thematically analysed based on the Health Care Reform Control Knobs Framework. Results: The study identifies several positive impacts of the online referral system, which include: the closer distance of patients accessing services, the easier it is to obtain information on services at referral health facilities, and the easier the hospital to promote its service products, the higher assurance of patients being accepted by the referral hospitals, patients with special conditions are better accommodated, the easier the administrative procedure, improved time, cost and working procedure efficiencies, increased punctuality of the services, and guaranteed data security that reduces the risk of lost or damaged referral documents. On the other hand, the online referral system has also resulted in negative impacts, some of them were system inconsistencies, information and communication technology (ICT) constraints, service discontinuity, service injustices and loss of patients’ loyalty. Conclusion: NHI online referral system generally have positive impacts on access and quality of health services, however, it is necessary to improve several aspects of the online referral system to better accommodate user needs and to optimize service.

The roles of private practice midwives in Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission Program (PMTCT) in Bali Province, Indonesia I Ketut Dwipayana; Pande Putu Januraga; Ni Made Dian Kurniasari
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV has been one of the problems in HIV prevention. In Indonesia, private practice midwives (PPM) play an important role in maternal and child health services. The roles of PPM in HIV vertical transmission prevention through PMTCT have not yet clearly understood. This research aims to analyse the roles of PPM in Bali Province in the PMTCT program as well as the PPM’s characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes about the program. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey, conducted from March to May 2020. The study population was PPM in Bali Province. The samples obtained were 404 out of a total of 1,736 PPM (23% response rate). The variables studied included socio-demographic characteristics, services and resources characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and the role of PPM in four PMTCT prongs. Data was collected via self-filled online questionnaires distributed through Indonesian Midwives Associations branches in every district/city in Bali Province. Data were analysed descriptively and differences in roles in PMTCT were analysed using the chi-square test. Results: Of the 404 PPM, 66.1% served childbirth (deliveries), 25.4% had served HIV-positive women, and 18.3% had served HIV-positive pregnant women. As many as 95.5% of PPM played a good role in prong 1, and 99.0% of PPM, who had served HIV positive patients, played a good role in prong 2, 3 and 4. Statistically significant determinants for good implementation of prong 1 of PMTCT by the PPM were indicated by ownership or access to PMTCT information media (p=0.026), experience of serving HIV positive women (p<0.00), and having served higher number of PMTCT patients (p=0.019). Conclusion: The PPM in Bali Province has played a good role inPMTCT, with a significant difference for good PMTCT implementation in prong 1 determined by the availability of information media, a history of serving HIV-positive women, and the number of PMTCT patients who have been served.

Relationship between anxiety and sleep quality in patients attending Kecamatan Penjaringan Public Health Center, North Jakarta Micheline Chang; Surilena Hasan; Erfen Gustiawan Suwangto; Nelly Tina Widjaja
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: Anxiety is generally found in primary health care patients with physical problems and are often not treated. This condition can affect the patient’s sleep quality. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety and sleep quality in patients attending Kecamatan Penjaringan Public Health Center (PHC), North Jakarta. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 434 patients attending the health care service of Kecamatan Penjaringan PHC, North Jakarta from August to October 2019. Data was collected with demographic and drug consumption questionnaire, Zung Selfrating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis were including univariate and bivariate analysis conducted with SPSS 25.0. Results: There were 434 respondents aged 17-81 years old involved in the study, with an average age of 47.1 years, 72.4% of them were female, 56.2% with basic education, 54.8% were unemployed and 61.1% with low-income level. As high as 26.3% of the respondents were fallen into anxiety classification, including 19.4% mild anxiety, 5.5% moderate anxiety and 1.4% severe anxiety; while 53.5% of them reported poor sleep quality. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between anxiety and sleep quality in patients attending Kecamatan Penjaringan PHC, North Jakarta (P<0.001). Patients with anxiety were 7.8 times (OR=7.819, 95%CI: 4.462-13.703) more likely to experience poor sleep quality than those without anxiety. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between anxiety and sleep quality in patients attending Kecamatan Penjaringan PHC, North Jakarta. Detection of anxiety disorders and sleep quality should be considered as one essential part of patients’ care at PHC.

Analysis of parents’ factors in providing developmental stimulation among pre-school age children in Pakis Sub-District, Malang, East Java Mansur, Herawati; Setyaningsih, Wahyu
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Background and purpose: Lack of stimulation can cause deviations in child development and even permanent disturbances. The purpose of the study is to determine parenting factors in providing developmental stimulation in pre-school age children in Pakis Sub-District, Malang City, East Java.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 120 mothers who have pre-school age children in Curah Ampel Village, Pakis Sub-District, Malang, conducted from September-November 2018. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of mothers’ demographic characteristics (age, education, and employment), father’s involvement, knowledge about development stimulation, parenting style, and parental stimulation. Data analysis were including univariable, bivariable, and multivariable analysis conducted with STATA. Results: On average, mother’s age was 30 years old, 70.0% with low education, and 83.3% were unemployed. This study found that 55% of parents provide stimulation development that falls in the poor categories. From the result of multivariable analysis with logistic regression, it was found that mother’s education associated with parental stimulation to pre-school age children (OR=0.322, 95%CI: 0.121-0.858, p=0.023). Conclusions: This study highlights that mother’s educational background has an important role in providing parental stimulation. Poor parental stimulation can cause developmental delays. A parenting program is needed to develop the knowledge and the ability of parents in accompanying every phase of their child development.

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Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti

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editor@phpmarchive.org

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Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia Phone: +62 361 4744646 Fax: +62 361 4744646 Email: editor@phpmarchive.org

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Kota denpasar,

Bali

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti

Contact Email editor@phpmarchive.org

Phone +62361-4744646.

Journal Mail Official editor@phpmarchive.org

Editorial Address Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia Phone: +62 361 4744646 Fax: +62 361 4744646 Email: editor@phpmarchive.org

Location Kota denpasar, Bali INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti

Contact Email
editor@phpmarchive.org

Phone
+62361-4744646.

Journal Mail Official
editor@phpmarchive.org

Editorial Address
Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia Phone: +62 361 4744646 Fax: +62 361 4744646 Email: editor@phpmarchive.org

Location
Kota denpasar,

Bali

INDONESIA